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bungalow,3 a circa 1880s vernacular farmhouse on the left4 and a circa 1890s Queen Anne residence on the right.5 One also passes two historic barns dating to 1885 and 1890 and another Queen Anne residence from 1910.6 Nearing the limits of the city of South Bend, a driver may find two significant structures along the roadway: the Julia Schafer House at 61550 US 31, an Italianate vernacular house dating to 1885, and the Joseph Farneman Farmhouse at 61191 US 31, an Italianate that dates to around 1870. The later residence is currently a local landmark and unfortunately now stands vacant. Lastly, a significant rated barn located at 62697 Ironwood Road would also be impacted by possible expansion work completed on US 31. Alternative F may threaten to take some of the Southlawn Cemetery's property. If F were chosen, commercial development would remain along US 31 instead of dispersing to the east or west of South Bend and into the farmlands of the county. New development along this route could possibly enhance the southern entrance to the city of South Bend and then revive an aging and deteriorating neighborhood. HPC Staff hopes INDOT will attempt to reuse as much of US 31's current road bed, employ access ramp designs that will gobble up less land compared to the large clover leaf design, and spare as many structures as possible from demolition. HPC staff also hopes INDOT will construct roadways that will attempt to balance respect for what already exists in a location with future hopes for economic benefits and development due to enhanced levels of service. For the following reasons, staff finds that Alternative F is a workable alternative for the reconstruction of US 31: 1.) Reuse of most current US 31's roadbed; 2.) Will not threaten the RR corridors and thereby will allow less intrusive reuse possibilities; 3.) Future development will occur along existing travel right-of-way and not have drastic impact upon county rural landscapes and farms; 4.) Retains southern entranceway into the city at Michigan Street, which may allow for possible revival of the South Gateway District. Alternative F is complicated by the presence of several historic structures and two local landmarks. Alternatives G Alternative G would move US 31 east of Lakeville and into rural areas of the county. This option could enter St. Joseph County near Linden Road (a historic barn is located nearby) and would travel diagonally northeast around Riddles Lake and toward Juniper and Ironwood Roads. The proposed path comes close to these rated structures: Old Survey Number New Survey Number Address 11062 11011 11052 11051 11050 Title 20471 Rockstroh Road Farmhouse & Barn 141-339-85060 (QA) 67518 Kenilworth Road Residence 19101 Pierce Road Residence 19022 Pierce Road Schoolhouse Rating Style Year S/11 V c. 1890 C/10 V c. 1890 C/10 GrR/V c. 1860 C/10 V C. 1910 141-694-85047 18518 Pierce Road Isaac Sells Farmhouse S/11 StV c. 1890 141-694-85048 18601 Pierce Road Sweitzer Barn C/10 Agri c. 1900 Farmhouse & English 141-694-85046 18318 Pierce Road Bank Barn S Agri c. 1880/1910 141-339-85061 67475 Kenilworth Road Barn C/10 Go Arch c. 1945 7 64087 US 31, 11070, C/10. _ 4 08044, 63610 US 31, C/10. ' 08043, 63419 US 31, C/10. 6 08042, 62515 US 31, Bam, c. 1890,C/10;08041 61953 US 31, QA, 1910,C/10;08040,61601 US 31, bam, c. 1885,S/11.