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unusual situations as far as traffic operations are concerned. Because of this, <br />special care should be taken in applying traffic control techniques in these areas. <br />Experience has shown that principles and procedures tend to enhance the safety <br />of motorists and workers in the vicinity of construction and maintenance work <br />areas include the following: <br /> <br />• Traffic safety in construction zones should be an integral and high priority <br />element of every project from planning through design and construction. <br />Similarly, maintenance work should be planned and conducted with the <br />safety of the motorist, pedestrian, and worker kept in mind at all times. <br /> <br />• The goal should be to route traffic through such areas with <br />geometrics and traffic control devices as nearly as possible <br />comparable to those for normal highway situations. <br /> <br />• A traffic control pan, in detail appropriate to the complexity of the <br />work project, should be prepared and understood by all responsible <br />parties before the site is occupied. Any changes in the traffic <br />control plan should be approved by an official trained in safe traffic <br />control practices. <br /> <br />• Traffic movement should be inhibited as little as practicable. <br /> <br />• Traffic control in work sites should be designed on the assumption <br />motorists will only reduce their speeds if they clearly perceive a <br />need to do so. <br /> <br />• Frequent and abrupt changes such as lane narrowing, dropped <br />lanes, or main roadway transitions which require rapid maneuvers <br />should be avoided. <br /> <br />• Provisions should be made for the safe operation of work vehicles, <br />particularly on high speed, high volume roadways. <br /> <br />• Construction time should be minimized to reduce exposure to <br />potential hazards. <br /> <br />• Motorists should be guided in a clear and positive manner while <br />approaching and traversing construction and maintenance work areas. <br /> <br />• Adequate warning, delineation, and channelization by means of <br />proper pavement marking, signing, and use of other devices which <br />are effective under varying conditions of light and weather should <br />be provided to assure the motorist of positive guidance in advance <br /> <br />