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Turning to the Equal Protection Clause cause of action, Petitioner provided seventeen, 8 x 10 glossy <br />photos to the HPC to support the contention that vinyl clad windows are common in the District. Of the <br />sample of homes in a one block area of 768 Portage Avenue, the site address, the majority had vinyl <br />windows. <br />Jeffrey Flathers and his wife walked around Leland and Ashland Streets to sample homes in the area. <br />The photos indicate that most of the homes enjoy tasteful, modern vinyl windows in all of some of their <br />facades. The Petitioner made written notations on the back of these photos to provide a subjective <br />grade from 1 to 10 on the curb appeal and desirability of these structures. Clearly, owners of these <br />homes have already voted with their pocketbooks, purchasing and installing modern vinyl windows to <br />replace energy inefficient, single pane, lead -paint encrusted originals. <br />In his October 18' filing, the Appellant asserted that nowhere in the Chapin Historic District guidelines <br />are vinyl windows proscribed. They are not prohibited by the HPC's own guidelines, or in actual fact in <br />homes throughout Chapin. <br />The HPC's ruling that the Petitioner must remove his vinyl windows, instead of administratively <br />approving the COA application to ratify the installation was arbitrary because those same standards are <br />not applied to other District homeowners. <br />Cause of Action #2, as laid out in Petitioner's Appeal discusses how HPC member Downs-Krostenko <br />claimed that all the vinyl windows in the District had been "grandfathered in" and were already in <br />place in 2005 when the Chapin Historic District was formalized. Petitioner cited the Guidelines that <br />mentioned only existing wood and aluminum clad windows which evidently represented the entire <br />stockpile of existing windows as of 2005. <br />As such vinyl windows in the District, must have been installed post -2005. They are now numerous <br />and omnipresent throughout the neighborhoods. <br />Several of the HPC's voting members alleged that their denial of the COA application was based in part <br />on the fact that the application was asking for ratification rather than pre -authorization. Prior to <br />installing the vinyl windows in question, Petitioner was unaware of any potential restrictions therein. <br />The third Cause of Action relates to the seizure of wooden window sashes from 768 Portage Avenue <br />In his September 23, 2021 letter to the Petitioner, Mr. Toering wrote "Staff retained the removed <br />window sashes were you to want to reinstall them in the window openings." <br />At no time did Mr. Toering, or any other South Bend employee, obtain a legal warrant to seize the <br />window sashes and to present such a warrant to Mr. Flathers. <br />Mr. Toering provided a photograph from a city inspector which indicated the presence of windows on <br />the grounds of 768 Portage. <br />In order to seize those sashes, one or more South Bend officials entered Petitioner's real property <br />without a warrant and seized his property, again without a warrant. This is illegal and unconstitutional. <br />ARGUMENTS AND CON'T'ENTIONS <br />