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Lowell Heights Olivet REDRAFT NRform revised with plans
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III. PUBLIC HEARING b. NATIONAL REGISTER NOMINATION i. Lowell Heights - Olivet African Methodist Episcopal Church Nomination to the National Register of Historic Places
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Lowell Heights Olivet REDRAFT NRform revised with plans
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United States Department of the Interior <br />National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form <br />NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 <br /> <br />Lowell Heights-Olivet African Methodist <br />Episcopal Church <br /> St. Joseph County, IN <br />Name of Property County and State <br />Sections 9-end page 15 <br /> <br />denomination’s Chicago and Philadelphia offices, but only if an architect was unavailabe in the <br />community and the project was under $20,000 in construction costs. This may be why Dillard’s <br />own work is seldom accounted for, and it is unclear why Lowell Heights, at a cost of over <br />$40,000 in a city with architects, was designed by Dillard. <br /> <br />Dillard also provided a five-page discertation on proper church building design in a 1922 <br />publication on church architecture. He describes situations in which congregations fall into the <br />use of the Akron Plan or “some other scheme that is utterly inadequate” for its needs.1 He co- <br />wrote an article for The Architectural Forum with Elmo Cameron Lowe (of Lowe & <br />Bollenbacher, architects in Chicago) in April 1924 titled “The Small Church”. The article calls <br />on better architectural design of churches and describes the previous period of church building <br />and design a “period of artistic depression”.2 The article goes into specific recommendations on <br />design including stone-trim on brick edifices, dark interiors, and open trusses. Illustrations and <br />photographs of the Tudor Gothic style Methodist Episcopal Church in Whiting (designed by <br />Lowe & Bollenbacher) are included in the article. It is unclear how many churches were <br />constructed through the denomination's Bureau of Architecture, but the Lowell Heights church <br />seems to be a notable one based on its refinements, counter approach to the Akron Plan, and its <br />early origin (designed in 1922 after the bureau's start in 1919). Dillard first practiced architecture <br />in a firm known as Dillard & Stephans in St. Louis in about 1907-1909. In Chicago, he was in <br />the partnership of Dillard & Brown during the 1910s, and Rowe, Dillard, & Rowe during the <br />1920s. Several large Tudor Revival homes were designed by the firm, including the Grigsby <br />Estate, and the Park Ridge Methodist Church, Park Ridge, IL. He worked for the Chicago Park <br />System during the 1930s for whom he designed the 55th Street Promontory Pavilion. <br /> <br />The Gothic Revival style had been popularized in house design books in the middle part of the <br />1800s and became popular in Midwestern towns by the 1850s due to the influence of pattern <br />books produced during this time. The pattern books gave hints for other building types. A.J. <br />Davis’ Rural Residences (1837) included a design for a Gothic Revival “Village Church” as well <br />as Gothic Revival houses. A religious revival in Britain in the early 19th century renewed interest <br />in church construction and in the English Gothic style. In religious architecture, Gothic Revival <br />reached full expression in the United States. While Gothic Revival remained a popular choice <br />with American congregations, toward the end of the century, architects were moving away from <br />generic Gothic and the more recent Romanesque Revival. Interest in Tudor Gothic Revival was <br />capturing attention. Collegiate Gothic, inspired by Tudor Gothic architecture took hold at places <br />like Bryn Maur (Pembroke Hall, Stewardson & Cope, 1894). New churches by Medievalist <br />Ralph Adams Cram helped set the trend. For example, All Saints, Ashmont, Dorchester, <br />Massachusetts, 1893, was a purely English-inspired Gothic church. <br /> <br />Given the popularity of the Gothic Revival style in church design, it is no surprise that a city the <br />size of South Bend would have several examples of Gothic Revival churches. There are <br />approximately a dozen examples of Gothic Revival churches ranging from impressive, early <br /> <br />1 Dillard, Frank. <br />2 Lowe & Dillard
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