HomeMy WebLinkAboutCPRO Case Summary Report CPRB2025-019 CPRB2025-009COMMUNITY POLICE REVIEW OFFICE
2026 CASE SUMMARY REPORT
Prepared by: Community Police Review Office ( CPRO)
Date: March 19, 2026
Report Type: CONFIDENTIAL -Privacy-Redacted, For CPRB Use
Executive Summary
This report contains the 2025 citizen complaints currently under review by the
Community Police Review Office (CPRO). The summary includes allegations, investigative
findings, applicable South Bend Police Department (SBPD) policy references, evidence
reviewed, and formal CPRO recommendations. All personally identifiable information
(PII) has been redacted. The report is intended for formal review by the Community
Police Review Board (CPRB) and relevant city officials.
Key Questions for CPRB Board Members to Consider
1. Are the allegations well-founded based on the preponderance of evidence?
2. Were departmental policies and legal standards followed in each case?
3. What recommendations should the board consider regarding training or policy
changes to enhance SBPD and minimize incidents of misconduct?
4. Are there common themes in the complaints that indicate patterns of police
misconduct?
Case Disposition Definitions (For SBPD classification of dispositions, please
refer to Policy 1007.6.4)
Sustained: The investigation determined that the officer's actions violated department
policy or procedures.
Not Sustained: The investigation could not determine whether the alleged misconduct
occurred. There is insufficient evidence to prove or disprove the allegation.
Unfounded: The investigation determined that the alleged incident did not occur.
THIS OUTCOME NEEDS TO BE ADDED TO THE DETERMINED OUTCOMES TO BE ALIGNED WITH THE SBPD.
Exonerated: The investigation found that the incident occurred, but the officer's
actions were lawful and in compliance with policy. Or the investigation found the
complaint to be false or unfounded.
Withdrawn: The complainant voluntarily requested that no further action be taken.
Filed in Clerk's Office
MAR 1 9 2026
Bianca Tirado
City Clerk, South Bend, IN
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CASE:CPRB2025-019
DATE OF INCIDENT: [REDACTED]
LOCATION OF INCIDENT: [REDACTED]
SBPD CASE: [REDACTED]
SBPD Outcome: Exonerated. The investigation found that the incident occurred, but the
officer's actions were lawful and in compliance with policy. Or the investigation found the
complaint to be false or unfounded.
Summary of Complaint
The complainant alleges improper handling of a trespass removal, excessive force during
arrest, and failure to de-escalate adequately before physical engagement.
Incident Summary
Officers were dispatched to a local school in response to a reported disturbance
involving a parent and the school security director. According to dispatch information,
the caller reported that a parent was inside the school office yelling at the principal. The
caller reported a verbal confrontation and that the individual involved was gesturing
aggressively, though it was unclear whether any physical contact occurred.
School staff reported that a parent entered the office and began verbally confronting the
principal, using profanity. The school security director attempted to calm the situation
and de-escalate the encounter as the parent was disrupting the main office's daily
operations. Despite these efforts, the individual reportedly refused to comply and
continued arguing with staff and the arriving law enforcement officers.
Additional officers were dispatched to assist. Upon arrival, responding officers attempted
to de-escalate the situation through verbal communication and instructed the individual
to leave the school property. Officers emphasized that the situation needed to be
resolved peacefully and informed the individual that failure to leave the property could
result in arrest for criminal trespass.
Based on officer reports and available video footage, the individual refused to comply
with repeated instructions to leave and continued to verbally challenge the officers while
remaining on the premises. Officers again directed the individual to vacate the property
and issued clear warnings that refusal to comply could result in arrest. The complainant
then exited the building but remained on the property in front of the school.
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During this interaction, the individual began moving away from the officers after being
told to vacate the property. When the officer approached her, she ultimately ran,
apparently to evade detention, prompting a brief foot pursuit when she lost her footing.
Officers pursued the individual and ultimately detained the complainant. During the
attempt to take the individual into custody, a physical struggle occurred. Officers used
control techniques to restrain the individual after a short altercation and subsequently
placed the individual under arrest. No physical strikes were performed.
Following the arrest, the individual complained of leg pain. Emergency medical services
were requested in accordance with department protocol. The individual was transported
to a local hospital for evaluation by medical personnel. After being assessed by medical
staff, the individual declined further medical treatment and was later transported to the
Jail for booking. Officers documented the incident and submitted reports detailing the
events.
In a statement provided by the complainant following the incident, the individual
described the confrontation as arising from a dispute with school administrators
regarding disciplinary action involving a child. The complainant stated that after leaving
the school building, they stepped onto a grassy area outside while speaking on the
phone. The complainant alleged that an officer tackled them during the encounter,
resulting in a serious hip injury. The complainant further stated that the injury
significantly affected their physical mobility and daily activities and created ongoing
physical and emotional challenges.
SBPD Policy
Policy 300 -Use of Force
"This policy provides guidelines on the necessary and reasonable use of force. Every
member of this department is expected to use these guidelines to make such decisions in
a professional, impartial, necessary, reasonable, and ethical manner." -SEE PAGE 7 FOR
THE FULL POLICY.
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CPRO Evidence Reviewed
Evidence Evidence Description Reviewed
Complaint Citizen Complaint Form Materials
Police Reports Initial Incident Report
Police Reports Supplemental Officer Reports
Video Evidence Body Worn Camera Footage
Primary Officer
Video Evidence Body Worn Camera Footage
Assisting Officers
Video Evidence Dash Camera Footage
Administrative Internal Affairs/ OPS Case File Records
Policy Materials SBPD Duty Manual
CASE:CPRB2025-009
DATE OF INCIDENT: [REDACTED]
LOCATION OF INCIDENT: [REDACTED]
SBPD CASE: [REDACTED]
Source Notes
CPRO Original complaint submitted for
review
SBPD Primary responding officer report
SBPD Additional narratives from
assisting officers
SBPD Officer assigned to initial contact
SBPD Additional responding officers
SBPD In-car camera recordings, if
available
SBPD Internal investigation file
SBPD SBPD Duty Manual Provided
SBPD Outcome: Exonerated. The investigation found that the incident occurred, but the
officer's actions were lawful and in compliance with policy. Or the investigation found the
complaint to be false or unfounded.
Summary of Complaint
The complainant alleges unlawful search and seizure during a traffic stop and excessive
force during arrest.
Incident Summary
According to police reports and materials reviewed during this investigation, officers
initiated a traffic stop after observing a vehicle failing to stop at a stop sign in a
residential neighborhood. Officers activated their emergency lights and siren to conduct
the stop. The vehicle continued for approximately one additional block before stopping.
Two officers approached the vehicle, one from the front and the other from the rear.
Officers requested that the driver lower the vehicle's window. According to the officer's
report, once the rear window was lowered, one of the responding officers reported
detecting a strong odor of burnt marijuana coming from inside the vehicle.
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Additional officers arrived on scene during the encounter. Officers then approached the
driver's side of the vehicle and instructed the driver to exit the vehicle based on the
reported odor of marijuana. According to police reports, the driver did not comply with
the initial command to exit the vehicle. A second officer issued a similar directive, which
was also not followed.
Officers subsequently opened the vehicle door and issued a third command for the driver
to exit. The driver questioned the request and remained in the vehicle.
According to police reports, officers then attempted to remove the driver from the
vehicle to place the individual in custody. During the encounter, officers deployed a
conducted energy device (commonly referred to as a taser). Documentation reviewed
during this investigation indicates that two initial deployments were unsuccessful. A third
deployment resulted in the individual being subdued. Officers then placed the individual
under arrest.
Following the arrest, officers searched the vehicle. Records reviewed as part of this
investigation indicate that no marijuana, drug paraphernalia, or other contraband were
located during the search.
The individual was arrested for Resisting Law Enforcement under Indiana Code 35-44.1-
3-1, a Class A Misdemeanor. Court records reviewed during the investigation indicate
that the charge was later dismissed.
In a statement provided to the review office, the complainant described a different
account of portions of the encounter. The complainant stated that during the traffic stop,
an officer indicated that marijuana was smelled coming from the vehicle. The complainant
reported that he questioned the legality of the search and remained in the vehicle while
requesting clarification from officers.
The complainant further stated that officers removed him from the vehicle by pulling him
from the driver's seat and that he was subsequently tased during the encounter, causing
him to fall to the ground. The complainant indicated that he believed he had complied
with the officer's instructions, aside from his reluctance to exit the vehicle, and
questioned the reason for the search.
The complainant also reported that during the arrest process, officers pulled on his
clothing, which he stated caused damage to his clothing and left him feeling exposed and
humiliated. The complainant stated that the incident caused him significant distress and
raised concerns regarding the level of force used during the stop.
According to the complainant, he did not believe he posed a threat to officers or the
public during the encounter and requested that a supervisor respond to the scene.
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The complainant subsequently filed a formal complaint requesting that the South Bend
Police Department and the Community Police Review Board examine the circumstances
surrounding the traffic stop, the use of force during the arrest, and whether officers'
actions were consistent with department policy.
According to South Bend Police Department protocol, use-of-force incidents require
supervisory review. Department procedures indicate that a supervisor is responsible for
reviewing body-worn camera footage and relevant documentation to evaluate the
accuracy of the reporting officer's account. Use-of-force incidents are also subject to
review by the department's Internal Affairs/Office of Professional Standards and the
department's use-of-force review processes.
SBPD Policy
Policy 312 -Search and Seizure
"Both the federal and state constitutions provide every individual with the right to be
free from unreasonable searches and seizures. Members of this department will conduct
searches in strict observance of the constitutional rights of persons being searched." -
SEE THE FULL POLICY ON PAGE 10.
Policy 300 -Use of Force
"This policy provides guidelines on the necessary and reasonable use of force." -SEE THE
FULL POLICY ON PAGE 7.
CPRO Evidence Reviewed
Evidence Evidence Description Source Notes Reviewed
Complaint Citizen Complaint Form CPRO Original complaint submitted for
Materials review
Police Reports Initial Incident Report SBPD Primary responding officer report
Police Reports Supplemental Officer Reports SBPD Additional narratives from
assisting officers
Police Reports Arrest Report SBPD Documentation of arrest
procedures
Video Evidence Body Worn Camera Footage SBPD Officer assigned to initial contact Primary Officer
Video Evidence Body Worn Camera Footage SBPD Additional responding officers Assisting Officers
Video Evidence Dash Camera Footage SBPD In-car camera recordings, if
available
Photographic Injury Photographs SBPD Photographs documenting
Evidence injuries
Administrative Internal Affairs / OPS Case File SBPD Internal investigation file Records
Policy Materials SBPD Duty Manual SBPD SBPD Duty Manual Provided
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SBPD POLICE DEPARTMENT POLICIES
The full text of the applicable policies from the SBPD Duty Manual is included so the
board can review the officer's actions alongside the governing standards.
POLICY300
Use of Force -LETB Uniform Statewide Policy
300.1 PURPOSE
In accordance with IC 5-2-1-1, the Indiana Law Enforcement Training Board (LETB)
hereby establishes this consistent and uniform statewide deadly force policy in order to
ensure the public safety and general welfare of the people of the state of Indiana and to
promote equ ity for all segments of society. This policy may not be added to, modified, or
altered in any way by any Indiana law enforcement agency, office, or department.
300.2 POLICY
It is the policy of the LETB to value and preserve the sanctity of human life. Law
enforcement officers shall only use force, non-deadly or deadly, in compliance with the
law, this policy, and the Board-established training program to further an enforcement
action. Officers shall use only the force that is objectively reasonable, while protecting
the safety of officers and others. Officers shall use only the level of force that a
reasonably prudent officer would use under the same or similar circumstances.
300.3 DEFINITIONS
The following definitions correspond to terminology used within this policy and the
statewide training program:
A. CHOKE HOLD (IC 35-41-3-3)
Applying pressure to the throat or neck of another person in a manner intended to
obstruct the airway of the other person.
B. DEADLY FORCE (IC 35-31.5-2-85)
Force that creates a substantial risk of serious bodily injury.
C. DEADLY WEAPON (IC 35-31.5-2-86)
Means the following:
1. A loaded or unloaded firearm.
2. A destructive device, weapon , device, taser (as defined in IC 35-47-8-3) or
electronic stun weapon (as defined in IC 35-47-8-1), equipment, chemical
substance, or other material that in the manner it is used; could ordinarily be used;
is intended to be used; is readily capable of causing serious bodily injury.
3. An animal (as defined in IC 35-46-3-3) which is readily capable of causing serious
bodily injury, and which is used in the commission or attempted commission of a
crime.
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4. A biological disease, virus or organism which is capable of causing serious bodily
injury.
The term does not include:
■ a taser (as defined in IC 35-47-8-3);
■ an electronic stun weapon (as defined in IC 35-47-8-1);
■ a chemical designed to temporarily incapacitate a person;
■ another device designed to temporarily incapacitate a person;
If the device described in the subdivisions above is used by a law enforcement officer
who has been trained in the use of the device and who uses the device in accordance
with the law enforcement officer's training and while lawfully engaged in the execution
of official duties.
D. DE-ESCALATION
Actions are taken to stabilize the situation and reduce or eliminate the need to use force
against subjects.
E. FORCIBLE FELONY (IC 35-31.5-2-138)
A felony that involves the use or threat of force against a human being or in which there
is imminent danger of bodily injury to a human being.
F. RESISTANCE
1. PASSIVE RESISTANCE
A non-forcible act intended to impede, hinder, or delay complying with a lawful
order or effecting an arrest (e.g., going limp, dead weight, ignoring commands,
holding onto something while refusing orders).
2. ACTIVE RESISTANCE
Physical actions that prevent an officer from exercising lawful duties (walking
away after being told to stop, fleeing, tensing, pulling away).
Passive resistance may turn into active resistance.
3. FORCIBLE RESISTANCE
The use or imminent use of force directed toward an officer that interferes with
lawful duties (hitting, punching, or using weapons).
G. SERIOUS BODILY INJURY (IC 35-31.5-2-292)
Impairment of physical condition which creates a substantial risk of death or causes
serious permanent disfigurement, unconsciousness, extreme pain, permanent or
protracted loss or impairment of the function of a bodily member or organ, or loss of a
fetus.
300.4 PROCEDURE
A. De-escalation
An officer shall attempt to engage in de-escalation prior to using force when safe and
feasible.
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B. Use of Vehicles as Weapons
Officers shall use police vehicles only as a weapon in situations where deadly force is
permitted by law.
However, the use of a precision immobilization technique (PIT) maneuver when used in
accordance with training guidelines is not considered deadly force.
C. Officers shall not
1. Discharge any warning shot.
2. Discharge a firearm at or from a vehicle except where deadly force is authorized
bylaw.
(Policy continues further with deadly force standards and reporting language in the
manual.)
POLICY308
Officer Response to Calls
308.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE
This policy provides officers with guidelines for the safe and appropriate vehicular
response to emergency and non-emergency incidents or requests for assistance, whether
dispatched or self-initiated.
308.2 POLICY
It is the policy of this department to appropriately respond to emergency and non-
emergency calls for service or requests for assistance.
308.3 RESPONSE TO CALLS
Officers responding to non-emergency calls shall proceed accordingly unless redirected
to a higher priority call and shall obey all traffic laws.
308.3.1 EMERGENCY CALLS
Officers responding to an emergency call shall:
• proceed immediately
■ continuously operate emergency lighting and siren as required by law (I.C. § 9-21-
1-8)
Even when operating a vehicle in emergency mode, officers are legally responsible to
drive with due regard for safety.
Members may disable the siren only when the call requires a silent response. If running
silently, officers must exercise extra caution. Emergency lighting must remain on.
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Emergency responses should only occur when circumstances reasonably indicate an
emergency, including:
■ pursuit or apprehension of a violator
■ felony in progress
■ crimes in progress
■ emergency involving injury, death, or major property damage
■ immediate assistance requested by another officer or agency
If an officer determines emergency response is appropriate, the officer shall notify
dispatch immediately.
Officers not responding in emergency mode shall:
• obey traffic laws
• not use lights or siren.
POLICY312
Search and Seizure
312.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE
Both federal and state constitutions provide individuals the right to be free from
unreasonable searches and seizures. This policy provides guidelines for SBPD personnel
dealing with search and seizure issues.
312.2 POLICY
It is the policy of the South Bend Police Department to respect the fundamental privacy
rights of individuals. Members will conduct searches in strict observance of constitutional
rights. All seizures will comply with federal and state law.
312.3 SEARCHES
The U.S. Constitution generally requires a valid warrant for a search to be valid.
Exceptions include:
■ valid consent
• search incident to lawful arrest
■ community ca retaking
■ vehicle searches
■ exigent circumstances
Other lawful activities may include:
• seizure of abandoned property
• observations in open public areas
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Further exceptions include:
■ Terry pat-down searches
■ crime scene protective sweeps
■ inventory searches
■ pla in view doctrine
■ emergency aid
Officers are expected to follow current case law and training when determining search
legality.
Whenever practicable, officers should consult a supervisor regarding search and seizure
issues.
312.4 SEARCH PROTOCOL
When conditions permit:
• Searches should be conducted with dignity and courtesy.
• Officers should explain the reason for the search and how it will be conducted.
POLICY323
Report Preparation
323.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE
The purpose of this policy is to provide guidance to members who complete
investigations and reports.
323.2 POLICY
Members shall act with promptness and efficiency in the preparation and processing of
reports.
323.3 RESPONSIBILITY FOR REPORTING
Members shall complete all reports required by their assignment or the incident.
Reports should:
■ accurately document events
• contain complete and factual information
■ be submitted in a timely manner
323.4 REQUIRED REPORT CONTENT
Reports should include:
• date and time of occurrence
• involved persons
• location
• description of events
• evidence collected
• actions taken by officers
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323.5 SUPPLEMENTAL REPORTS
Supplemental reports may be required when additional officers are involved or additional
information is obtained.
323.6 CORRECTIONS
If a report requires correction:
• The original report must not be altered improperly
• Corrections must follow departmental reporting procedures.
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Appendix B: Considerations Regarding
Legal Protections and Limitations on
Information Disclosure
The legal protections outlined below define the information boundaries within which the
Community Police Review Office (CPRO) may share information with the Community
Police Review Board (CPRB) or the public. These guidelines are based on state statutes,
collective bargaining agreements, legal precedents, and department policies, and we are
committed to following them while promoting transparency and collaboration.
1. Collective Bargaining Agreement (Working Agreement)
■ Information in the Office of Professional Standards is confidential in the personnel
file (CBA, p. 14).
■ The Board of Public Safety (BPS) may not read or view such a file until it is
introduced into evidence (CBA, p. 15). While the CBA does not explicitly reference
CPRB , the South Bend Police Department applies the same limitation to access to
CPRB reviews.
■ Office of Professional Standards files shall not be made available for inspection
except as provided in the agreement, by court order, or if the employee consents
(CBA, p. 15).
2. Access to Public Records Act (APRA) -Indiana Code§ 5-14-3-4(b)(8)
■ Personnel files are exempt from disclosure except for the following:
a) Name, compensation, job title, business address and phone number, job
description, education and training, prior work history, and dates of employment.
b) Status of formal charges, if any, against the employee.
c) The factual basis for a disciplinary action in which final action has been taken and
that resulted in suspension , demotion, or discharge.
3. South Bend Police Department Policy
• In accordance with Indiana Code § 5-14-3-4(b)(8), SBPD only discloses records
identified in the statute.
• Witness statements are not disclosed to the officer under investigation or the
CPRB members.
4. Indiana State Law -Indiana Code§ 36-8.2-1-5(5)
• There is no legal requirement to disclose the complainant's identity to the officer
involved in the complaint.
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5. Garrity Statement -Garrity v. New Jersey, 385 U.S. 493 (1967)
■ Officers may be compelled to answer questions from the Office of Professional
Standards under threat of termination.
■ These statements, known as Garrity-protected statements, are not considered
public records and are not accessible to the CPRB or the public.
The following provisions explain why the Review Office may refrain from sharing detailed
investigative information, even if such data is in internal records. These limitations strike
a balance between transparency and the essential legal obligations of privacy, fairness,
and due process.
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