HomeMy WebLinkAboutBuild the Budget 2026 ReportPublished October 6, 2025
City of South Bend
Resident Budget
Feedback Report 2026
Many thanks go out to South Bend residents for their feedback,
members of the common council for their continued support since
2021, and the Office of Mayor for their guidance.
Special thanks to the 27 city staff members who volunteered their
time to help table, code voicemail responses, and assist in design
work this year.
Table of Contents
5Letter from the Mayor
6Executive Summary
8Resident Engagement Timeline
9How Residents Built the Budget
9The Online Survey
10311 Voicemails
10Envelope Wall
11Budget Trivia Game
13Resident Feedback
13Online Survey
18311 Voicemails
21Build the Budget Envelope Walls
23Conclusion
25Appendix
Page 3
Page 4
Letter from the Mayor
Page 5
Dear Neighbor,
For the fifth year running, the City team continued our “Build the Budget”
engagement program. This outreach and data collection season has
become a recognizable staple in the late summer and early Fall. We're
pleased to see residents participate year after year.
Just as before, the City Administration collected online survey responses,
coded hundreds of 311 voicemails, and facilitated budget feedback and
trivia sessions at festivals and events.
Yet again, our team saw engagement numbers soar. We saw over 2,200
resident engagements this season, beating last year by a healthy margin.
This number is nearly double the first year we did this program in 2021.
This report will share the major takeaways on resident priorities and ideas.
We were pleased to see that our proposed 2026 budget is aligned with
this year's feedback.
James Mueller
Mayor, City of South Bend
Page 6
Executive summary
Each year, the City of South Bend invests
hundreds of millions of dollars into the
services and infrastructure that shape
daily life—from public safety and road
repairs to vehicles and staff salaries. The
budget isn’t just numbers on a page—it’s a
blueprint for our city’s future. It
determines what gets built, what gets
fixed, and how our neighborhoods thrive.
That’s why it’s critical for residents to be
part of the conversation. Historically,
public participation in the budget process
has been low—not due to a lack of
interest, but because traditional
engagement methods often asked
residents to come to us, rather than us
meeting them where they are.
To change that, South Bend launched the
“Build the Budget” initiative five years
ago. This effort is designed to make the
budget process more accessible and
transparent, using creative outreach to
invite residents into the fold.
Through online surveys, voicemail
submissions, and in-person tabling at
community events, we’ve opened new
channels for feedback—and each year,
more residents are stepping up to help
shape the budget.
148
Online survey
responses
301
Budget feedback
voicemails
1,788
In-person envelope wall
participants
2,237
Resident feedback total
+
+
=
Page 6
Page 7
This year, 2,237 engagements were recorded, just over 2% of the City population.
Across the 2,237 engagements, five themes surfaced over and over. These
priorities were consistently mentioned by residents through all three forms of
engagement.
Residents who participated in Build the Budget want:
Housing accessibility, availability, and affordability
Affordable and diverse housing options are essential for a growing and inclusive
community. Residents are concerned about rising rents, housing shortages, and
homelessness, as well as investment in luxury housing units over market rate
units.
Repairing and Resurfacing Roadways (and Alleys)
Residents rely on safe, well-maintained roads for daily commutes, school
transportation, and access to local businesses. While the city has invested heavily
in roadways, your experience is your reality. Residents say they experience
potholes and deteriorating pavement along their daily commutes regularly and feel
some roadways keep falling behind.
Create good jobs by attracting and retaining businesses and talent
Residents want opportunities for meaningful employment and career growth and
are concerned about their economic futures. Residents want to support local
businesses and attracting new industries so the city can boost its tax base, reduce
unemployment, and retain young professionals and families in an affordable city.
Improve Neighborhood Infrastructure
Well-lit streets, safe sidewalks, and traffic calming features contribute to
walkability, reduce accidents, and promote public safety. Without ongoing
investment, deteriorating infrastructure can lead to blight, which undermines
community pride and poses a barrier to future growth and neighborhood stability.
Invest in climate action plan
Residents have expressed interest in investing more in the city’s climate action
plan. Local investments in sustainability can directly improve air and water quality,
reduce utility costs, and protect neighborhoods from extreme weather and
flooding.
Executive summary
Page 7
Resident Engagement Timeline
Build the Budget engagement ran for nine weeks, from July 28– September 28.
Check out the timeline below to see how Build the Budget was promoted to
residents and what events we took the budget table to this year.
Page 8
Engagement
Launches
•311 Voicemails +
Online Survey go
live
July 28 August 13
September 28 October 6 October 13
Hearings Start
•Each department
presents its budget
for upcoming year
Engagement
Ends
Report Released
•Provide Council with
resident feedback and
aid prioritization of
future initiatives
Council Votes
•Council can approve
as is or decide to
decrease proposed
items
VisitorsLocationEventDate
31St. Adelbert’sMeet the MayorJuly 29
86DowntownFirst FridayAugust 1
90South Bend Police StationNational Night OutAugust 5
140East BankArt BeatAugust 9
68DowntownSeptember First FridaySeptember 5
53Rum Village ParkFall Family Fun FairSeptember 6
19MLK Jr. Dream CenterLinden Ave Farmers MarketSeptember 13
1209Howard ParkFusion FestSeptember 27-28
111Colfax OfficeUtility LobbyJuly 28 - Sept 28
How Residents
Built the Budget
The Online Survey
The survey was available through a link posted to
the City website, Facebook, Instagram, and
through QR codes printed on promotional materials.
148 residents completed an online budget feedback
survey, more than last year, but lower than prior
years.
Our goal was to offer an accessible feedback
opportunity that is more comprehensive than the
tabling envelope walls.
The goal of the survey was to assess residents’
preferences when managing a limited amount of
funds. Residents were asked to allocate a fictional
$100 across strategic categories. Residents were
also presented with a list of four investment areas,
asking which ones the City should increase,
maintain, or reduce. Many residents also offered
extensive and constructive feedback in the open-
ended portion of the survey.
This mimics the difficulty of the City budget
process: there are always tradeoffs and there is no
such thing as infinite money to support everything
residents want.
Page 9
The three forms of engagement draws from
different segments of the population and is
presented differently to residents, which leads to
top categories being slightly different across each
platform.
The online survey and envelope walls present
residents with a list of twenty strategic categories
prepared by the Mayor’s Office. This year’s list is
the same with apart from one reworded category1
allowing us to compare responses from last year.
1-Appendix C
Residents were also invited to leave a voicemail through the 311 system to share their priorities for the
2026 City Budget. At the end of each call, liaisons asked if the resident would like to provide feedback. The
City received 320 voicemails, of which 301 contained relevant input.
To efficiently process this open-ended feedback, an AI model was used to conduct an initial categorization
of the voicemails by topic and priority area. City staff then reviewed each message to refine the coding and
ensure accuracy. Because voicemail responses were often broad and nuanced, many included suggestions
outside of the strategic categories, as well as location-specific investment ideas.
On average, each voicemail referenced 1.6 distinct topics, indicating that nearly half of respondents
emphasized a single issue they felt strongly about.
Envelope Walls
To mirror the information collection of the online survey, the City created two interactive envelope
walls to display at public events.
Like the survey, participating residents each received $100 in fake bills to allocate across strategic
spending categories in the 2026 annual budget.
Over August and September, the envelope walls went to 8 public events and a fixed location at the
311 Colfax Utility Office.
$178,820 in fake money was allocated by roughly 1,788 residents who participated in the envelope
wall activity, a 35% increase from last budget year. The increase can be attributed to the Fusion Fest
table placement at a high traffic area in addition to volunteer enthusiasm.
Page 10
311 Voicemails
The budget trivia game is an eye-catching, fun way for residents to learn about
the city budget. Residents spin the budget trivia wheel, land on a category, and
get an opportunity to answer a question and win a prize, ranging from tote bags,
pens and pens. Residents who answered a trivia question incorrectly were still
always offered a sticker or candy for kids.
This game didn’t help us learn about resident priorities, but it was an effective
way to draw people into a conversation about the city budget and various city
operations. After playing, residents were asked to participate in the envelope wall
activity.
Page 11
Sample Trivia Question: How many total vehicles does the City
own? Over or under 1,000?
Answer: Over! The city had 1,053 vehicles in 2023
Budget Trivia Game
This year included new prizes for residents to win!
Section page break?
Page 12
“I feel like there'd be there should be more streetlights up, so
it's not so dark when people are out driving, and there's people
out…”
- Voice Message 3
“More efficient and consistent solid waste collection, and
improved code enforcement reaction time and being more
proactive and less reactive.”
- Survey 53
“Multimodal transportation, such as more and safer cycling and
pedestrian infrastructure, particularly on Indiana 23.”
- Survey 69
“Partnering with schools for literacy, health, and opportunity
initiatives for youth, as well as supporting young families.”
- Survey 5
Page 13
Strategic Spending Priorities
South Bend residents’ top priorities in next year’s budget are continuing to repair roadways
and improve neighborhood infrastructure. Compared to last year’s survey, there is little
change in proportion for each category other than Invest in climate action plan which grew
moderately and Invest in more housing of all types falling slightly.
See the top seven categories below.
Resident Feedback: Online Survey
More details about the online survey responses can be found in Appendix A.
$806
$883
$988
$1,132
$1,339
$1,396
$2,093
$0 $500 $1,000 $1,500 $2,000 $2,500
Develop and improve city parks and trails
Increase officers (inc. community resource
officers)
Invest in supportive housing for unsheltered
residents
Invest in climate action plan
Maintain safe, reliable water and wastewater
utility
Improve neighborhood infrastructure (sidewalks,
lights, traffic calming, curbs, etc.)
Repair and resurface roadways
Online Survey Strategic Spending Priorities
Top categories
Page 14
Spending Adjustments
Survey respondents were also asked how they would adjust spending across four broad civic
priorities based on their current perceptions of City operations. Those categories were:
1. Ensure public safety for all
2. Build sustainable neighborhood infrastructure
3. Invest in economic growth and jobs
4. Advance, equity, inclusion and access to opportunity
For each civic priority, respondents could select to Reduce, Maintain, or Expand spending.
The chart below provides details on the spending adjustments indicated by respondents.
Takeaways
•Build sustainable neighborhood infrastructure for all had the most Expand responses. District
1 and 4 are most in favor of expanding.
•Ensure public safety for all has more Maintain responses and less Expand responses compared
to last year.
•Advance equity, inclusion, and access to opportunity has the most Reduce responses, a
growing share from last year. District 5 is the most in favor of reducing. District 1 is the most
in favor of expanding.
Resident Feedback: Online Survey
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Ensure public safety for all Build sustainable
neighborhood
infrastructure
Invest in economic growth
and jobs
Advance equity, inclusion,
and access to opportunity
Spending Adjustments by Budget Category
Reduce Maintain Expand
Page 15
Survey Responses by Council District
The map below includes the top three strategic priorities from the online survey. Darker
hue represents larger response rate.
Notable takeaways:
•Repair and resurface roadways was a top category for every
district.
•Neighborhood Infrastructure, Water/Wastewater Utility, and
Invest in Climate Action Plan were also top categories for most
districts.
•District 1 and 3 responses allocate more towards Invest in
Climate Action Plan.
•The online survey responses favor categories that have
traditionally been a part of the City budget: public works and
public safety.
•District 1 and 4 continue to provide high response rates, and
while growing, Districts 2 and 6 saw relatively low response
rates.
Resident Feedback: Online Survey
0 20 40 60 80
Blank/non-resident
District 6 - Niezgodski
District 5 - Bolden-Simpson
District 4 - Warner
District 3 - McBride
District 2 - Gooden-Rodgers
District 1 - Lee
Online Survey Responses by Council
District
Past three years
2026 2025 2024
Page 16
Survey Demographics
Resident Feedback: Online Survey
The survey asks residents for demographic information to better understand how well
survey respondents represent our community. White residents are overrepresented (72% in
survey compared to 50%), while Black residents (5% to 26%) and Hispanic residents (3% to
16%) are underrepresented in the survey2.
2: US Census South Bend Profile
Page 16
0.68%
3.38%
4.73%
5.41%
12.84%
72.97%
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%
Asian
Hispanic or Latino
Two or More Races
Black or African American
Prefer not to say
White
Race and Ethnicity of Survey
Respondents
47%
43%
1%
9%
Gender of Survey Respondents
Female
Male
Non-binary
Prefer not to say
Section page break?
Page 17
"I wouldn't mind seeing improvements to our existing bike
paths... It's not so much as adding new trails as it is upkeeping
the existing trails that we have.“
- Voice Message 17
"We really need more trees planted along our street to help
with shade and just make the neighborhood look nicer.“
- Voicemail 6
"We need better streets and repair, not just patching,
repaving.“
- Voicemail 9
"I would like to see more construction and repavement of the
roads throughout the City of South Bend. More affordable
housing for lower incomes, and housing for those that are
homeless and sleeping on the streets.“
- Voicemail 18
Page 18
311 Voicemail Overview
Across the 301 voicemails, there were 321 strategic category mentions and 105 mentions
of other resident priorities that were not encapsulated by the existing categories presented
in the online survey/envelope wall.
18.5% and 17% of voicemail messages mentioned repairing roadways and improving
neighborhood infrastructure, respectively. There was a minority of voicemails that were
critical of the City’s traffic calming measures.
Resident Feedback: 311 Voicemails
More details about the 311 voicemail responses can be found in Appendix B.
3.52%
3.52%
5.63%
6.34%
6.81%
17.37%
18.54%
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% 18% 20%
Improve City’s customer service
Invest in youth programs
Increase officers (including community resource…
Invest in supportive housing for unsheltered residents
Develop and Improve City Parks and Trails
Improve neighborhood infrastructure (ex: sidewalks,…
Repair and Resurface roadways
311 Voicemail Strategic Spending Priorities
Most mentioned categories
1.41%
1.64%
1.88%
1.88%
2.11%
2.82%
5.16%
0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6%
Other: Trash/Recycling/Yard Waste
Other: Traffic calming measures
Other: South Bend Community School
Corporation
Other: Alley Maintenance
Other: Non-Budget Related Complaint
Other: Public Safety General
Other: Neighborhood
Beautification/Code Enforcement
Most mentioned other topics
Other Topics
In addition to the City’s established strategic priorities, residents voiced several recurring
concerns that merit attention. These include:
Beautification and Code Enforcement
A significant number of residents expressed frustration with the perceived lack of enforcement
around property maintenance. Specifically, they want the City to take a more proactive stance in
issuing citations for properties that violate local codes including overgrown lawns, structural
disrepair, or litter and debris. This concern reflects a broader desire for neighborhood
beautification.
General Public Safety
While many residents support increasing the number of community resource officers, some
raised safety concerns that extend beyond policing. These include issues such as traffic safety,
lighting in public areas, and emergency response times. The feedback suggests a need for a more
holistic approach to public safety.
Quality of Local Public Education
Although public education is not directly managed by the City administration, several residents
voiced concerns about the quality and performance of local schools. These concerns ranged
from academic outcomes to school facilities and extracurricular opportunities. While the City
may not have direct control, this feedback highlights an opportunity for stronger collaboration
with school district leadership and advocacy for educational improvements.
Resident Feedback: 311 Voicemails
Page 19
Page 20
Changes in Resident Sentiment from Last Year
Voicemail responses has shown the greatest change in category mentions compared to
the other engagement types.
Improve Neighborhood Infrastructure increased more in mentions compared to last year,
but its share of the total fell the most of any category. This is followed by a modest
proportional increase for Increase Officers and Investing in Housing.
On the other hand, City Customer Service increased considerably, followed by City Parks
& Trails. This could potentially be attributed to less than satisfactory experiences with
these categories and a desire for improvement.
Resident Feedback: 311 Voicemails
Since the response rate varies year over year, the chart above compares the change in proportion for
each category e.g. last year Neighborhood Infrastructure was mentioned 25%—this year it is 32%
hence a 7.3% increase.
-8.95%
-3.52%-3.26%-2.13%-1.75%
1.41%1.67% 1.67%
2.03%
3.67%
-10.00%
-8.00%
-6.00%
-4.00%
-2.00%
0.00%
2.00%
4.00%
6.00%Improve neighborhoodinfrastructure (ex: sidewalks,lights, traffic calming, curbs, etc.)Increase officers (includingcommunity resource officers)Invest in more housing of alltypesMaintain safe, reliable water andwastewater utilityExpand violence interventioninitiativesInvest in supportive housing forunsheltered residentsInvest in youth programsExpand financial empowermentand relief programsDevelop and Improve City Parksand TrailsImprove City’s customer serviceLargest Voicemail Category Shifts (2025-26)
Page 21
Envelope Wall Overview
The Envelope Wall engagement was by far the most popular this year with 1,788 residents
participating. Two-thirds of participants were from Fusion Fest alone. Anecdotally, many of our
participants came from young families and residents who enjoy attending VPA and DTSB
programming. Even through residents were limited to five categories (each resident was given five fake
$20 bills), the parity of dollars distributed was high relative to other activities i.e. low variance among
categories.
Envelope Wall themes this year include more investment for the housing and maintenance categories:
Investing in more housing of all types and improving roadway and neighborhood infrastructure.
Hearing from residents, many were concerned about housing affordability and general concern about
the maintenance of existing infrastructure over new investment.
Subcategory and Other topics
Investing in the Climate Action Plan saw a considerable increase this year along with focus on other
personal and financial welfare categories such as supporting small businesses, attracting and retaining
good jobs and businesses, and violence intervention.
Other topics residents suggested were childcare, more equitable community investment, and SBARC
specific resources.
Resident Feedback: Envelope Wall
More details about the envelope wall responses can be found in Appendix A.
$10,600
$10,900
$11,420
$11,780
$12,960
$16,880
$19,280
$- $4,000 $8,000 $12,000 $16,000 $20,000
Expand violence intervention initiatives
Improve neighborhood infrastructure (ex:
sidewalks, lights, traffic calming, curbs, etc.)
Create good jobs by attracting and retaining
businesses and talent
Support small businesses
Invest in climate action plan
Repair and Resurface roadways
Invest in more housing of all types
Envelope Wall Strategic Spending Priorities
Top categories
Page 22
Changes in Resident Sentiment from Last Year
Residents largely invested the same proportion of dollars in the list of strategic categories.
Top increases include Investing in housing and Creating good jobs and attracting
businesses.
Investing in supportive housing, Developing city parks and trails, and investing in youth
programs fell as a share of the total.
Often highly chosen categories focusing on local issues like supportive housing and
violence intervention programs fell likely as a result of a larger spike of interest in
economic categories in a time of relative uncertainty. Of the 5 largest percentage point
decreases, 2 of these categories remain in the top 10 category priorities, where 4 were in
the top 10 last year.
Resident Feedback: Envelope Wall
Since the response rate varies year over year, the chart above compares the change in proportion for
each category e.g. last year Invest in more Housing received 6.6% of all dollars allocated—this year it is
10.7% hence a 4.1% increase.
-4.9%
-3.9%
-2.9%-2.4%-2.4%
2.5%2.7%3.0%3.3%3.9%4.1%
-6.00%
-5.00%
-4.00%
-3.00%
-2.00%
-1.00%
0.00%
1.00%
2.00%
3.00%
4.00%
5.00%Invest in supportive housingfor unsheltered residentsDevelop and Improve CityParks and TrailsInvest in youth programsExpand financialempowerment and reliefprogramsExpand violence interventioninitiativesAdd fire and EMS servicesAdvance digital equity andinternet accessRepair and ResurfaceroadwaysInvest in climate action planCreate good jobs by attractingand retaining businesses andtalentInvest in more housing of alltypesLargest Envelope Wall Category Shifts (2025-26)
Comparing responses across the three platforms, the report’s conclusion reaffirms
resident sentiments over the last few years: Support for Roadways remains steady, while
investment in housing and economic opportunity has risen.
Conclusion
Page 23
Page 23
1. Housing accessibility, availability, and affordability
Looking forward to Build the Budget 2027, some recommendations include updating
categories to better reflect resident sentiment e.g., code enforcement, SBARC, and public
transit. Providing clarifying information to residents at events for some categories:
Climate Action details, health equity program proposal could be useful.
To improve online survey uptake, it would be best to partner with Common Council on
distributing the survey and encourage residents to take the survey each year if they filled
out a survey in the past.
If you have ideas to improve budget engagement so we can continue to engage with
more residents next budget season, please email sbit@southbendin.gov.
2. Repairing and Resurfacing Roadways (and Alleys)
3. Create jobs by attracting and retaining businesses and talent
4. Improve Neighborhood Infrastructure
5. Invest in climate action plan
Section page break?
Page 24
“I think the city should invest in South Bend Animal Resource
Center. Add more kennel space, along with more staff.”
- Survey 140
“Yes, I would like to see sidewalks. I know you have a curb
sidewalk program, but there are some folks that just can't
afford to pay their part.”
- Voice Message 20
“Assistance for residence, including, but not limited to utility
services food access, affordable, healthcare transportation,
shelter for unhouse, income-based assistance housing.”
- Survey 32
I noticed that…many of the houses in the neighborhood had
lead pipes coming from the street access. I'm hoping that that
can be resolved, and maybe some of that infrastructure could
be updated...”
- Voice Message 39
Page 25
Envelope Wall and Online Survey Detailed Response Totals
Appendix A: Online Survey and Envelope Wall
Page 26
Online Survey Spending Adjustments by Council District
Appendix A: Online Survey and Envelope Wall
Total
District 6
(Sheila
Niezgodski)
District 5
(Sherry
Bolden-
Simpson)
District 4
(Troy
Warner)
District 3
(Sharon
McBride)
District 2
(Ophelia
Gooden
Rodgers)
District 1
(Canneth
Lee)
Advance equity, inclusion, and access to opportunity
35.14%33.33%22.22%18.92%45.00%35.71%53.33%Expand
31.08%25.00%27.78%43.24%35.00%21.43%23.33%Maintain
33.78%41.67%50.00%37.84%20.00%42.86%23.33%Reduce
Build sustainable neighborhood infrastructure
56.08%66.67%44.44%67.57%65.00%21.43%53.33%Expand
37.84%33.33%44.44%32.43%30.00%50.00%43.33%Maintain
6.08%0.00%11.11%0.00%5.00%28.57%3.33%Reduce
Ensure public safety for all
40.54%33.33%55.56%35.14%40.00%28.57%46.67%Expand
55.41%58.33%44.44%64.86%50.00%57.14%50.00%Maintain
4.05%8.33%0.00%0.00%10.00%14.29%3.33%Reduce
Invest in economic growth and jobs
42.57%25.00%33.33%54.05%50.00%28.57%43.33%Expand
40.54%50.00%55.56%37.84%35.00%28.57%40.00%Maintain
16.89%25.00%11.11%8.11%15.00%42.86%16.67%Reduce
Page 27
Budget Voicemail Detailed Response Total
Appendix B: 311 Voicemail
Page 28