Loading...
The URL can be used to link to this page
Your browser does not support the video tag.
Home
My WebLink
About
October 1997
• • • AGENDA OF THE REGULAR MEETING of the HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION Regular monthly meeting 7:30 p.m. Monday, October 20, 1997 County Commissioner's Conference Room 7th Floor County City Bldg. I. Call to Order II. Roll Call III. Public Hearing A. Certificates of Appropriateness 1) Leeper Park - New maple tree by duck pond 2) 231 South Eddy - New signage, removal of tree, & misc. repairs 3) Leeper Park — Park Avenue entry markers 4) 1326 East Wayne Street N. — gutter replacement 5) 315 West North Shore — porch enclosure 6) 1333 East Wayne St. S. — Room addition and general 7) 1333 East Wayne St. S. — Window replacement B. Recommendation for Local Landmark designation 1) 1040 West Washington Street — Engman Natatorium C. National Register nominations 1) East Bank Multiple Property Listing 2) Leeper Park.— Planned Landscape IV. Regular Business A. Approval of Minutes 1. September 15, 1997 B. Treasurer's Report C.,Correspondence D. Committee Reports 1. Budget & Finance 2. Historic Districts a. Project Access 1) Riverside Drive 2) West North Shore 3. Historic Landmarks a. Status of recommendations to Councils 1) 804 N. Lafayette — Madison School 2) 216 West Washington Street — Tower Building 3) 514 West LaSalle — Eby House 5. Standards & Maintenance 6. Legal E. Staff Reports 1. C of A Staff Approvals (see attachment) 2. Legal ---- a. Madison Center noise complaint update 3. DHPA Grant status a. 1996-97 b. 1997-98 c. 1998-99 — projects for application 4. East Wayne Street streetlighting 5. Oliver School V. Old Business VI. New Business VII. Hearing of Visitors VIII. Announcements & Miscellaneous Matters IX. Adjournment rehabilitation • CP( CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS STAFF REPORT • APPLICATION -- 1997-0911 PROPERTY -- Leeper Park South Bend, IN OWNER -- City of South Bend Parks Dept. DESIGNATION -- LL RATING -- Significant S/12 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE/HISTORIC CONTEXT In 1895 the City of South Bend purchased a large parcel of land on the east side of Michigan Street for the establishment of the Water Works who located and capped artesian wells there, thus, rendering the land usable for recreation. By 1900 the area around the Water Works had become referred to as Leeper Park. The following year, extensive plans and site development were undertaken. The zoo and lily pond were constructed in 1902. In 1904 the log cabin was moved into the park from 123 West Northshore Drive. This building was rehabilitated and established as the "Pierre Navarre Cabin. In 1905 additional lands were acquired between Michigan and Lafayette Streets where they developed tennis courts. The following year acreage was added completing the west end of the park and a year after that the connecting wooden bridge was washed away and.replaced with a new structure of iron and concrete. By this time the zoo located at the east end of the park boasted • 132 animals of 50 varieties and the pond in the middle section of the park was stocked with ducks and geese. In 1911, the Park Board engaged George Kessler of St. Louis for the development of master plan for the City's park -boulevard system. The present North Pumping Station and its reservoir were constructed in 1912. The present Michigan Street Bridge was constructed in 1915 as part of the Park -Boulevard plan proposed by George Kessler. During the Great Depression extensive work was done in the park funded by the Works Progress Administration (WPA). including the reconstruction of the retaining walls around the island which utilized salvage material from the earlier bridge. PROPOSED CHANGE Applicant proposes to replace trees that were removed some time ago by planting a tree, Maple -Norway, in the duck pond area. STANDARDS The Preservation Guidelines for Local Landmarks state: Building Site and Landscaping 2. Recommended New site work should be based upon actual knowledge of the past appearance of the property found in photographs, drawings, and newspapers. RECOMMENDATION The owner proposes to replace already removed dead trees with Maple trees in the duck pond area. Being that it is an appropriate replacement of something • that was previously there the Staff recommends approval of the planting of new trees. DBD 10/3/97 V + RIVERSIDE F14 rs JVC '41 TERRI"%CE 07 6,00 RRE LEEPER PARK PARK LANE uj 1604 #4L box + Sol -41 BARTLETT %718 7#0 X701 I W7 f;., -REMORIAL -I, Z41-1 HOSPITAL v" 19 o 5" LEEPER If I PARK low STREET HAMMOND L A t SET . .1 1 - . I II CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS STAFF REPORT • APPLICATION -- 1997-0930 PROPERTY -- 231 South Eddy South Bend, IN OWNER -- Philip H. Schatz DESIGNATION -- LL RATING -- Significant S/12 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE/HISTORIC CONTEXT Irving A. Sibley acquired the property in 1892, eventually passing it down to his son William C. Sibley. William Sibley had prominent South Bend architects, Austin and Shambleau, design a Dutch Colonial style house which he later built on the lot in 1921. William Sibley was born on September 24, 1881 in Owatonna, Minnesota, he attended grammar school. in Illinois and then studied at the University of Notre Dame for a year. For the first four years spent that he out of school he worked.as a salesman for Malleable Steel Range Manufacturing Company. In 1904 he went to work for his fathei7 in the Irving A. Sibley Hardware business. William Sibley worked for his father for 8 years until 1916 when he became the president and treasurer of the South Bend Foundry Company, which manufactured gray -iron castings. Mr. Sibley was active in sports, lodges, clubs and a • variety of associations. Mr. Sibley eventually died in 1957, however, Mrs. Sibley continued to live in the house until 1961 when she sold it to lawyers, Hahn, Zimmerman, Nafe and Fisher. The current owner, Mr. Schatz purchased the house in 1992. PROPOSED CHANGE Applicant proposes to (1) construct a sign on rear of house to replace the current "entrance" sign and (2) replace the copper valleys over the rear sunporch and alongside the smaller chimney. The applicant also wishes (3) to replace an ornamental pear tree that was planted in 1990 and which crowds another tree with a larger and older pear.tree that wood remain outside the apartment door. STANDARDS The Preservation*Guidelines for Local Landmarks state: C.2. Construction and Stv.le All work should be done in the architectural style and in a technique compatible with the original. Change that altars, removes, or covers existing significant stylistic detail shall not be permitted. C.3. Materials ..improvements involving any new material in the landmark should be of the same material as the original. An alternative material may be allowed if it duplicates the original. D.F. Signs No neon or flashing signs will be permitted unless they are original_ to the • structure. Billboards and supergraphics will also be disallowed. Only one appropriate identifying sign will be permitted per business. Building Site and Landscaping 1. Required Major landscaping items, trees, fencing..... which reflect the property's CERTTFTCATE OF APPROPRIATENESS STAFF REPORT • history and development shall be retained. 2. Recommended Plants and trees in close proximity to the building that are causing deterioration to the buildings historic fabric should be removed. However, trees and plant material that must be removed should be immediately replaced by suitable flora. 3. Prohibited No changes may be made to the appearance of the site by removing major landscaping items, trees, fencing..... before evaluating their importance to the property's history and development. RECOMMENDATION The owner proposes to first construct a sign over the rear door of the house, replacing the "Entrance" sign that is currently there. The proposed sign will be made of handcarved oak that is 24" by 12" in size and which will resemble the already existing signs that are present in the front of the house. The owners have chosen a sign that compliments the house in color and design, which the present sign does not, thus, the Staff recommends .approval of the new sign. The owners second proposal is to replace copper valleys over the rear sunporch, alongside the north side's smaller chimney. The replacement of this flashing may be approved by Staff. The owners' last proposal is to remove an ornamental pear tree which is crowding another tree near the driveway and plant an older pear tree just outside the apartment door. Being that the tree • to be removed was planted in 1990 and is not part of the history of the house and that the planting of the new tree nearer the apartment does not pose a threat to the building, nor does it hide the architectural features of the house the Staff recommends approval of the removal of the imposing tree and the planting of the.new tree. DBD 10/3/97 • �lr -'.-1 i ..I '•- ( '� � AJC - 1 rJ,'c.- '.. ,�„1 d I 1 � , r i 1' .. •!� ' •I (I L . Iy t I �� fl 'yl1 ] �• tooy p""y' f 1 :il I 7 i:• II'. i fr ] •7,11'.I 1 i 'r ] t, I• r S r (� ) .' .� .ail 1 let, G { ' t 1 I 1 1�+ WOW 12-00 an ( Y”' �. of Is. a _I., too - I. JSW POINT.1 7 L WVi- .: Si ] ..All J WAMMM -0, t ate; r. CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS STAFF REPORT • APPLTCATTON -- 1997-0901 PROPERTY -- Leeper Park South Bend, IN OWNER -- City of South Bend Parks Dept. DESIGNATION -- LL RATING -- Significant S/12 STATEMENT OF SIGNTFTCANCE/HISTORIC'CONTEXT In 1895 the City of South Bend purchased a large parcel of land on the east side of Michigan Street for the establishment of the Water Works who located and capped artesian wells there, thus, rendering the land usable for recreation. By 1.900 the area around the Water Works had become referred to as Leeper Park. The following year, extensive plans and site development were undertaken. The zoo and lily pond were constructed in 1902. In 1904 the log cabin was moved into the park from 123 West Northshore Drive. This building was rehabilitated and established as the "Pierre Navarre Cabin. In 1905 additional lands were acquired between Michigan and Lafayette Streets where they developed tennis courts. The following year acreage was added completing the west end of the park and a year after that the connecting wooden bridge was washed away and replaced with a new structure of iron and concrete. By this time the zoo located at the east end of the park boasted • 132 animals -of 50 varieties and the pond in -the middle section of the park was stocked with ducks and geese. In 1911, the Park Board engaged George Kessler of St. Louis for the development of master plan for the City's park—boulevard system. The present North Pumping Station and its reservoir were constructed in 1912. The present Michigan Street Bridge was constructed in 1915 as part of the Park—Boulevard plan proposed by George Kessler. During the Great Depression extensive work was done in the park funded by the Works Progress Administration (WPA) including the reconstruction of the retaining walls around the island which utilized salvage material from the earlier bridge. PROPOSED CHANGE, Applicant proposes to install two brick pillars with limestone or similar cap as a neighborhood entryway marker. They would be situated one on either side of Riverside Drive at the top of Leeper Park, east of 902 and 909 Riverside Drive just, within park property. STANDARDS The Preservation Guidelines for Local Landmarks state: C.2. Construction and Style All work should be done in the architectural style and in a technique compatible with the original. structure. Change that altars, removes, or covers existing significant stylistic detail shall not be permitted. A change which adds detail of another style will not be permitted. C.3. Materials Additions and improvements involving any new material in the landmark should • be of the same material as•the original. An alternative material may be allowed if it duplicates the original. Building Site.and Landscaping CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS STAFF REPORT 1. Required Structures such as: gazebos, patio decks .... new walls ....and other similar structures shall be compatible to the historic character of the site and the neighborhood and inconspicuous when viewed from a public way. 2. Recommended New site work should be based upon actual knowledge of the past appearance of the property found in photographs, drawings, and newspapers. RECOMMENDATION The entry marker posts are proposed by the Park Avenue Neighborhood Association with the cooperation of the Department of Parks and Recreation. The Classical Revival style of the proposed posts is consistent with the majority of the architectural improvements already existing in the Leeper Park such as the North Pumping Station and the various minor wellhouses. Likewise, the material mix of stone and brick is constant with this style and other buildings. Although the Posts are technically in the park, their intent and orientation will be more highly associated with the Chapin Park National. Register Historic District. This architecture is consistent with many of the Renaissance and Colonial Revival houses in the neighborhood although there exists a great variety of architectural styles and materials in the district. Although the Staff has found no evidence of gate or marker posts at this location, the posts will act to further identify the district to the general public and will • in no way disturb or interfere with historic .interpretation or. integrity. Gateposts were historically located at the entry point to the Chapin Estate and other similar posts are presently planned at other entry locations to the district which do not require review. Staff recommends approval of this application with the recommendation that a date inscribed brick be included at each post to document the year of its construction. DBD 10/14/97 • 0 I 0 ,j) PA11 0 , D"IFI-E 1-71, • NOT*4-LL DIMENSIONS ARE + OR - 8'-8" 5'-10" 1 1 El a 2'-1" 4'-3" 2' I I I O -a — ❑ I_o ❑ ❑ a E-1 EJ —I- —I� D o ❑ ❑ ❑° 0 ❑ -T❑ o_ �I 1'-6 1/2" I � / 2' I. —� �c *CALE I ► I I 0' 1' 2' 3 4' / / 1' 2' Fol El = 3'-6" 1' CJ, 2' [±j El EL-j"- SECTIONS Memorial Pilasters Woodcox Building Contractor 51175 Prescott Ave. South Bend IN 46637 219/272-6905 NOTE: ALL DIMENSIONS ARE + OR - • SCALE 0' 2.' 3' 9' Memorial Pilasters Woodcox Building Contractor 51175 Prescott Ave. South Bend IN 46637 219/272-6905 CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS STAFF REPORT • APPLICATION -- 1997-1002 PROPERTY -- 1326 E. Wayne N. South Bend, IN OWNER -- Norman and Linda Riley DESIGNATION -- LHD-EP RATING -- Contributing C/9 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE/HISTORIC CONTEXT Whitcomb and Keller built this H.R. Stapp designed house in 1925, they sold it a year later to Frank and Elizabeth Anderson. Frank Anderson was born in St. Joseph County in 1876. He attended Keller Business College and was employed at F.W. Woolworth & Company in LaPorte Indiana for 3 years, later becoming the assistant manager of. the South Bend Store. In 1916 he became involved in real estate and got an office in the Associates Building. Mr. Anderson specialized in suburban real estate, handling residential as well as business property. By 1929 Frank and Adam Powers were the owners of 1326 East Wayne North. Frank Powers was born in New Jersey in 1873, he received a B.S. in 1894 and a Masters in 1899. Mr. Powers started as an instructor at Notre Dame teaching botany, zoology and physiology. In 1904 he entered the school. of medicine at Northwestern University in Evanston and when he returned to Notre Dame in 1910 it was as attending physician. In 1935 Powers and his wife sold the house to • Clarence Wagner. Mr. Wagner was the secretary -treasurer for Koontz -Wagner located at'319 Hydraulic Avenue. The current owners, Norman and Linda Riley, purchased the house in 1985. 0 PROPOSED CHANGE Applicant proposes to replace all gutters acid downspouts on house and garage with continuous length aluminum material. STANDARDS The Preservation Guidelines for East Wayne Local Historic District: b) .... The Guidelines for the East Wayne Street District follow the Rehabilitation Model.... TT.B.2. Recommended Gutters and downspouts are often a necessary adjunct in order to prevent deterioration of the structure; they should be maintained whenever possible or replaced with a style comparable and suitable to the architectural period. RECOMMENDATION The owner proposes to replace all the gutters and downspouts on the house and garage with new continuous length aluminum gutters and downspouts. The owners proposal is a comparable and suitable replacement for the existing sheet metal gutters and downspouts and the already present sections of continuous aluminum gutters thus, the Staff recommends approval of the replacement gutters and downspouts. DBD 10/3/97 I I Sll . ajW6' 11 Imp ---- w r V Sll . ajW6' 11 ZJ: Sll • +i c)o �o re c - 04' I �S� �a.S Con-���uores I- / cf,►.,; n wvl TO: Historic Preservation Commission of South Bend & St. Joe Cty. FROM: Norman & Linda Riley 1326 East Wayne North South Bend, IN 46615 DATE: October 2, 1997 We propose to replace all existing sheet metal gutters and downspouts with continuous aluminum material gutters and downspouts. We received three (3) estimates to replace the sheet metal gutter on the back of the garage (Photo # 1); and the three (3) sheet metal downspouts (Photo # 2). The estimates were $1,250.00 to $1,350. 00. We received an estimate to replace ALL gutters and downspouts on the house and garage in continuous aluminum material for around $1050.00. As you can see on our addition built prior to 1985 (Photo # 3) there are continuous aluminum gutters. Photo # 4 shows the front of the house with the sheet metal gutters and downspouts. Due to the exorbitant cost of replacing with like materials we request permission to replace the gutters and downspouts with continuous aluminum material. Thank you for your consideration in this matter. CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS STAFF REPORT • APPLICATION -- 1997-1001 PROPERTY -- 315 W. North Shore Drive South Bend, IN OWNER -- Dr. Greg & Allison Credi DESIGNATION -- LHD-WNS RATING -- Significant S/12 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE/HISTORIC CONTEXT Samuel R. & Mary Dunnuck contracted the South Bend architectural firm of Austin & Schambleau to design the French Chateau style house which they built in 1925. Samuel Dunnuck was born in Ohio in 1851. After he graduated from South Bend College of Commerce in 1904 he got a job as a bookkeeper for G.E. Meyer & Son, a company which dealt with hardware and building supplies. Four years later he married the bosses granddaughter, Mary Johanna Meyer. In 1915, Mr. Dunnuck received his first promotion to the position of general manager. His second promotion came in the year 1935 when he became president. Mr. Dunnuck and his wife lived in the house until 1942 when they sold it to their son John, who resided in the house until 1960. John Dunnuck sold the house to Dr. John F. Helmer in 1960. Mr. Helmer lived their until his death in 1988. The current owners, Mr. & Mrs. Credi purchased the house in 1995. . PROPOSED CHANGE Applicant proposes to enclose the porch, that is located next to the driveway, by iAstal.ling casement windows and doors in the existing masonry openings. STANDARDS The Preservation Guidelines for West North Shore Historic District state: b) .... The Guidelines for the West North Shore Historic District follow the Rehabilitation Mode -1.... D.4. Porches and Steps which are readily visible from the street. Preferred: Retain and maintain porches and steps including handrails..... If porches and/or steps are enclosed for heat conservation or other reasons, it should be done in a manner that does not destroy the architectural nor historical character of the home. RECOMMENDATION The owners are proposing to enclose a porch with casement windows and doors. The applicants are not proposing to remove the existing porch or altar its construction or design, so the porch will be able to be easily reverted back to open space again if so desired. The windows and the doors the applicant has chosen replicate the muntin designs throughout the rest of the house, thus, continuing the houses architectural theme through the new enel.osur.e. Being that the owners are not damaging or destroying the architectural integrity of the porch and that their choice of. windows and doors fit- the character of the home the Staff recommends approval of the enclosure of the porch as presented. • DBD 10/10/97 i 0 1 • � ✓ F '• 1 JIM 10 it �,r ��J�{ �� dui• f �L��"� � s, b0. ` f •'tL.; �'. �+ '"' v .'fir% ti `r ,. �k :�?.� k r1 *. �^�'A•� � ,r' 't '*�' r iw3 4 )i T .? t.{"jf +i. •�•y�•! � S,�, i^� •nJ",};. ,�• lYt� � - Y�:#-y, "i {'• •i` �.r.( l 1' i'�•�'ii •,{ I i : �.12J �f { a, ! y! � �.•{r,} }..r »Mir) C;.;1� f��,,,�' ♦/``k ��.' T ,' J x y .. � I i � N I 4 t � t {��`4 '� •• � � ' h a` ,!Iso C, I •, � S � +t+t ;i 1.� .. +i til. 1 .,f i t; �`� ` r _ r .• ate` � � 4 .� I ( • . �.ar... .�All 44 i f 1.7 .+� 'qty + lot' •��• .f N�a3r "y 4 . r f _.� �f f. '`err +�^l�rN .� �' • • ,. OCt CB, 199% - ,,CSC lie; - lllh C.Q n at C SCALE: ►A" 1'-0" OCTOBER 5, 1997 i, Vi 4 4b 0 s2 11 SCALE. 1/4" = V -O" OCTOBER S, 1997 CAD x \ \y _rte �r� � �\\\\ -------------------------- A CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS STAFF REPORT • APPLICATION -- 1997-1006-2 PROPERTY -- 1333 East Wayne South South Bend, IN OWNER -- Edward L. Smith DESIGNATION -- LHD—EW RATING -- Contributing C/9 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE/HISTORIC CONTEXT This Colonial Style house was built in 1941, possibly by Francis M. and Mary C. Messick. Mr. Messick was born in South Bend on May 31, 1908. He was a Lieutenant in the U.S. Navy during World War II. He was also the treasurer of the American Trust Company and later he became an employee for the .Associates Discount Corp. Mr. Messick and his wife moved to Troy, Michigan in 1962. The Messicks only lived in the house for 2 years, however, they owned it for 11 years. The couple rented the house out until they sold it in July of 1952 to Paul Shore. The current owners,- Edward and Laura Smith purchased the house in 1992. The house is constructed in a- transitional stvle melding features of the • pre—war Colonial Revival Style end the post—war Contemporary Style (see application 1997-1006). PROPOSED CHANGE Applicant proposes to replace all of their steel casement windows with double hung windows..The existing wood storm window system which interferes with the operation of the casement windows are to be discarded. As Staff understands the design, the existing wood sub—frames are to be retained and altered so as to receive replacement window system consisting of sash—tracks and custom sized frames operating in a double—hung mode. STANDARDS The Preservation Guidelines for East Wayne Historic District state: b) .... The Guidelines for the East Wayne Historic District follow the Rehabilitation Model.... II.C.1. Required Original windows and doors, including sash, lintels, sills, shutters.... shall. be retained or when deteriorated beyond repair, replaced with units and trim resembling the original. II.C.2. Recommended For energy efficiency, steel casement windows may require interior storm windows. It steel casement windows have to be replaced or removed, windows of similar size and style should be used. II.C.3. Prohibited Original windows, doors and hardware shall not be discarded when they can be restored and reused in place. Inappropriate new window or door features such • as metal insulating glass combinations that require the removal of original windows and.doors shall not be installed. • CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS STAFF REPORT RECOMMENDATTON As discussed in the recommendations for 1997-1006, the proportional relationship of the window lite and muntins at the existing windows and their alignment with the course lines of the existing shingle siding are important character -giving features of this house. The existing windows which are proposed for replacement are of the steel casement type which are common in the East Wayne Street District. These windows are known to be problematic for both maintenance and thermal efficiency. The guidelines for East Wayne Street took special note of these features as indicated above. As noted above, the wood storm windows interfere with proper operation of the casement windows. It is also noteworthy hat the wood storm windows give the impression of a double -hung window system already existing. (Staff was fooled at first take.) The owner is proposing to replace all of the existing windows in the house, however, maintaining the frames. The owner has chosen the Semco double hung window with the muntins on the exterior of the glass. The window proposed to replace the large picture window is the only one that resembles the original while the other windows have increased the number of lite divisions. Staff would be willing to accept the change from casement to double -hung in this case, if the window units were designed so as to retain the same number, size and arrangement of'lites and muntins. Staff does find these sash panels super.i.or to most which have been proposed to replace metal. casements in that • they provide a relatively narrower sash dimension and utilize muntin facings mounted at the exterior, thereby better replicating the appearance of the metal sash. The retention of the existing wood storm/screen windows should mediate the obviousness of the change of operating mode. Staff recommends approval of the replacement windows so long as these conditions are met in the final assembly. DBD 10/14/97 • 0 e — -: y 1333tv 5 . 0 ell 9 .�».�`' - � .. `:.�-i �.-7„' �a. . c �,; �.t -roti - _ � ...i �� b ..t....: Y :.e :''�'.."...-.- •.: � ,�,: i=t �`-..{.� ��iS.� �,.'"l"�y � y -i H� ? -. e . �?a�.%ica.r ���c a41c'i::.'lLo.'t'�.'�.w:2�2�' w° "S�z�,.'�a ='.�. �'�` • : `----._�...._._..._._. r k 0 -- -- -- -- ,r- •"'�• A . ter, ... ��+� j„r y,,,=Y+�./�vt..���+"'�7.�'F ►-�fJr�CC:�Y�, y�'.. • - �*'ter :, _.? , .. - ""' ✓ , -: �r'K•~ -•✓ � ��, � :•' i-r,*'��dT;,,�_.,,.,,,, a� v 1. li III rw ♦ : ' ...rirrrr .r�r�-- "'� "'r""�' �rwrrrM r . � { t 4 4 .. •x` i ♦ xx �`r<. •fir �« J •1 .. '- +� 4l;! •`. - .. a J ,( z ri I, u 'I o l , I:� 1.:.f ? ,.. ,�.:`{ ��: - ,; Yui: .. , �t MATCH X, L -JL - i L-1 :--1 u U. -i '_j u 1-i IL ITIT] C 0 IIJ D' C L 0 0 A C)A;,& 0 4VV6 le IC-Iti-M, . 4,C Al Oak g!"', r;4 U�,— I tits fets ";.-Y t;M Zr.� Vv—, ."LZ 00 rj— It :lh-zz --s'4 .Uvj 1/V ,-a y /V -,ter -5 C1.4J 7- -A-4 SM 17TH A/ C E -50=,4 4 & 11-0 0 ,r v ) pl � i . i� 4 �?i ?.• `u;;•Qu "I`'ff, j3 �, `'4�` ,i.: � • r ix'7.,b_-�'t,r'.� t���'.. r I � lj 11 <i � .�� ;t;Rfr�" .; n.;e, �:G.t � .i.�t; 1 .. .. >•�, !(a.}-�=:.;*.. atm c••,,L1 I i:}1i;.:F.� .,:•�'I.I' -�' �.l`F-1y'edg .n '.ISC1,;S, C::r�,1,I(1 .. �i, ,' _ .;`�• - I.: '2+' "y.,3fi. }..t...t. i ! .j= i'i ��"� ;��..:c+''W,4j... :G . _t•y�r. tt ,Iii ,[ :l� 'j i'�I r�if pit, �St +,�.tN - _j{{ I p�.� ,5 wx' r'�v.�(!��. `{� :I •'� - 1 ,:jl: 1 '3t�1f "'• 'l �7 I.�.____ II, Ir :A.. 1 * �i S � �# •��.��.L4 � �jll I `'�• •.� - ii. I`:.;` ,jt,ys�:?.SY" �+ "j-�� •��. ,� x .-i�,n; ;,„,.I�i;�'d�t.;r` ,,:�;Sii�{jr+f.�'�t'}•,tt ��. '(..'�' .t\� ? f�t.:� gL�•1: ..K -EI' �t��i. (!f'' It L'• i` at:il�,.f•: it•' I�z.f• y.:;,:^.^j _ _ eLj 'la , '' > t ..,, „'7, • tY v;�'aN ";tarscE=t. pi •'i!'t.,- �i�,l;°� ,,".i;j�a�.,u:a,.j�y.;�'s; I- �- t t.(' cJ•k-�t•, ,.j �:"..,•; its !(^�: flet nsfl ll:��,!�'.`��•t I. '���'.1 n. � �}/�y�,..t r`�'!1 1 i 'I' .�4� ,.I•.I'''`'n ��., YrJ. -1: ,l I i ; ,t. +r.,,. ..� . �. �{, ;�' i ,+� :.'� - !, '�-' •I I�•''j'--3i5N`, ''ii2:�5.'i..��:�.. _ �. ' I i 2 )�"_� c l'., ..1 i .C...� - �!�I �r` , J,i :::, ;� �, l ! � r. t ;: � �' � � ,< 'r � �•t, � iji ilk. - 1: �i .�;i�;�•*y,�� , � I ( � j I I �mt�i,tr$i'�������� ����I t �� �� • " +',.,�i,.'i':i•'.:ji `+ � I i I 1 � 'v ,+ a3 �,u !+X � - i �! ,�2I v. - •4,1 )t Ill I� IT i { '4�.. `. ..__ I � �' tf- : .., , �'ji ���.--. M:� E % �,� '1 •PMI • m m row I�. ,r v ) pl � i . i� 4 �?i ?.• `u;;•Qu "I`'ff, j3 �, `'4�` ,i.: � • r ix'7.,b_-�'t,r'.� t���'.. r I � lj 11 <i � .�� ;t;Rfr�" .; n.;e, �:G.t � .i.�t; 1 .. .. >•�, !(a.}-�=:.;*.. atm c••,,L1 I i:}1i;.:F.� .,:•�'I.I' -�' �.l`F-1y'edg .n '.ISC1,;S, C::r�,1,I(1 .. �i, ,' _ .;`�• - I.: '2+' "y.,3fi. }..t...t. i ! .j= i'i ��"� ;��..:c+''W,4j... :G . _t•y�r. tt ,Iii ,[ :l� 'j i'�I r�if pit, �St +,�.tN - _j{{ I p�.� ,5 wx' r'�v.�(!��. `{� :I •'� - 1 ,:jl: 1 '3t�1f "'• 'l �7 I.�.____ II, Ir :A.. 1 * �i S � �# •��.��.L4 � �jll I `'�• •.� - ii. I`:.;` ,jt,ys�:?.SY" �+ "j-�� •��. ,� x .-i�,n; ;,„,.I�i;�'d�t.;r` ,,:�;Sii�{jr+f.�'�t'}•,tt ��. '(..'�' .t\� ? f�t.:� gL�•1: ..K -EI' �t��i. (!f'' It L'• i` at:il�,.f•: it•' I�z.f• y.:;,:^.^j _ _ eLj 'la , '' > t ..,, „'7, • tY v;�'aN ";tarscE=t. pi •'i!'t.,- �i�,l;°� ,,".i;j�a�.,u:a,.j�y.;�'s; I- �- t t.(' cJ•k-�t•, ,.j �:"..,•; its !(^�: flet nsfl ll:��,!�'.`��•t I. '���'.1 n. � �}/�y�,..t r`�'!1 1 i 'I' .�4� ,.I•.I'''`'n ��., YrJ. -1: ,l I i ; ,t. +r.,,. ..� . �. �{, ;�' i ,+� :.'� - !, '�-' •I I�•''j'--3i5N`, ''ii2:�5.'i..��:�.. _ �. ' I i 2 )�"_� c l'., ..1 i .C...� - �!�I �r` , J,i :::, ;� �, l ! � r. t ;: � �' � � ,< 'r � �•t, � iji ilk. - 1: �i .�;i�;�•*y,�� , � I ( � j I I �mt�i,tr$i'�������� ����I t �� �� • " +',.,�i,.'i':i•'.:ji `+ � I i I 1 � 'v ,+ a3 �,u !+X � - i �! ,�2I v. - •4,1 )t Ill I� IT i { '4�.. `. ..__ I � �' tf- : .., , �'ji ���.--. M:� E % �,� '1 •PMI • m m CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS STAFF REPORT • APPLICATION -- 1997-1.006 PROPERTY -- 1333 East Wayne South South Bend, IN OWNER -- Edward L. Smith DESIGNATION -- LHD-EW RATING -- Contributing C/9 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE/HISTORIC CONTEXT This Colonial Style house was built in 1941, possibly by Francis M. and Mary Messick. Mr. Messick was born in South Bend on May 31, 1908. He was briefly the treasurer of the American Trust Company of South Bend until went to work for the Associates Discount Corp. He was also a Lieutenant in the U.S. Navy during World War II. Mr. Messick and his wife Mary moved to Troy, Michigan in 1962. Mr. and Mrs. Messick only lived in the house for two years, however, they owned it for 11 years. The couple rented the house out until they sold it to Paul Shore in July of 1952. The current owners, Mr. and Mrs. Smith purchased the property in 1992. A 12 X 16 foot addition was constructed at the rear in 1949 replacing a previous 8 X 10 foot porch. • PROPOSED CHANGE Applicant proposes to construct a 12X16 room addition over the family room on the rear of the house which would have double hung windows with 9 grids in glass to match the windows they wish to install in the rest of the house. The owner also proposes to, reroof the house with arch shingles, replace cedar shakes with 8inch rough sawn cedar and to place a copper roof.on box window and front porch. In addition, to these alterations the owners want to add copper gutters and downspouts and a row of dentilation under the eaves of the front and back of the house, not along the sides. STANDARDS The Preservation Guidelines for East Wayne Historic District state: b) .... The Guidelines for the East Wayne Historic District follow the Rehabilitation Model.... III.A.l. Required Additions to existing buildings shall be related in height and proportion to the existing structure. IiI.A.2. Recommended Contemporary designs should be compatible in character and mood to the building... iII.A.3. Prohibited Additions that would add new height or change the existing facade of a building and change its scale and architectural character shall not be constructed. III.A.4. Not Recommended. • New stories should not be added .... which would destroy important architectural details, features, and spaces of the building. Any style or period of architecture that is incompatible with the existing should not be permitted in new additions. III.B.l. Required Materials used on an addition to an existing structure shall relate to the CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS STAFF REPORT • existing or original materials of the structure. Also, as much of the original structure as possible shall be retained so that the addition could be removed without damage to the basic structure and appearance of the building. III.B.2. Recommended Metal of Vinyl siding may be used when it is the only feasible alternative. This siding should be compatible with the original size and style and with the materials of other buildings.... III.B.3. Prohibited Inappropriate materials, such as asbestos, asphalt, molded or artificial stone, or artificial brick shall not be used. RECOMMENDATION This house, a rare example of war -time construction, ilustrates the transitional period betwwen the Period Revival styles of the twenties and the Post -War Contemporary Style and its parrallel development of modern -plan houses (ranch) with erscatz period detailing. While the plan and massing of the house retains the Colonial Reviival typologies, much of the material and detailing is in a more modern vernacular. This is most distinguishable in the wide, triply aligned shingle siding and its relationship in alignment with the horizontally articulated window divisions which belie the vertical casement arrangements of the windows (see application 1996-1006-2 for discussion). In this application, the owners propose a second story addition at the rear of the house over the previously contructed one story addition and extensive alterations to existing features of the house. The proposed addition is . . consistant with the massing of the existing house and Staff has no fundamental objection except regarding the siding material choice as it affects other existing features discussed below. The Owners further propose a general exterior rehabilitation program. This program includes roofing replacement (which may be approved by Staff), replacement of existing white ogee profile gutter and downspout with new copper material of the same profile, installation of copper roofing at the front bay window and entry canopy, replacement of existing wide spaced shingle siding with new 8" rough sawn cedar siding, addition ofa dentil frieze at the eaves, and replacement of windows discussed under a seperate application. Staff has no difficulty with the exchange of copper for existing roof and gutter material as it represents a material upgrade which does not appreciably affect the sense of design or proportion in the structure, and recommends approval of these features. The principal objection of Staff to this comprehensive proposal concerns the replacement of the siding and window replacement which are defining features of the house as pertains to its place in the growth and development of Sunnymede, as discussed above. The proposed dentil moulding presents a similar concern of introducing elements which are not consistant with the original design or style of the house, this latter item is however incidental compared to the concerns regarding the siding/window relationship. Staff recommends denial of these items while allowing that some further refinement of this design might susccessfully address the concerns of proportion. DBD 10/14/97 0 0 0 e LA) . - l 333 E�aYnC 5 . 51 4�,�1 �MM ! . , k'�o�� r1 .,�Y""~'-�a.."�.�i:�tiL �..,c�`�.:u..�.�..r t. �+_..'c��� .,'i,p�.,.*.,t��Hi4iye�_�,.1 �: ..-�'•,, '-_�,..-....w '. ',` -" ` - -- .�er.�a-� ti G`•..'+`... ..'ti= t .. . ���...ti:4:.. `'� �•:s'_S Lt 2 s.ar:..... _ � ,.. _ � {� '<`. �.`a'sJc�ti �a.`�=J't_�w4=�`.'.=w�,r�"�. �.l`y..`ti? `:�f_? �: c .7 .a • • e r • • • • • • IntroducingSemcoWm New M Aluminum Clad Tilt Double Hung... Some Thin 9 p s Just Kee Getting Better! Do RSS Redesigned With Your Needs In Mind ... Say hello to Semco's NEW alumi- num clad tilt double hung window. It's been redesigned and improved to look and operate better ... all without sacrificing a Grade 60 performance rating. Consider The Following Added Improvements ... ■ Handsomely profiled sash = cover that incorporates a durable, yet beautiful 7/8" Simulated Divided Light (SDL) muntin bar. Select western softwoods make up the bar to the interior, with heavy-duty extruded aluminum to the exterior. ■ Uniquely designed, true counterbalance, tension -free, stepped jamb liner makes for effortless operation when tilting the sash t the interior. Heavy-duty extruded _ aluminum cladding on sash and frame. ;? 7/8" extruded aluminum SDL muntin bar on exterior. -1. 7/8" solid wood muntin bar on interior. 14 t Egress requirements may vary from area to area. Always check local building codes for specific egress information. • NWWDA (National Wood Window And Door Association) ■ Strandex subsill face consists of a strong, maintenance -free composite material. ■ No special ordering to meet egress. Standard 32" x 24" meets egress codes.t ■ Recessed latching hardware at checkrail for a streamlined, aesthetically pleasing appearance. ■ Rough openings and glass sizes remain the same as our previous clad double hung. Unchanged, Quality Features From Semco's Previous Aluminum Clad Double Hung ... ■ =ely block and tackle balance system holds sash at any position within frame perimeter. ■ Foam -filled sill cavity for added insulation and performance. ■ 'Ivo -part glazing system. ■ Special weather stripping system that incorpo- rates both bulb and leaf weather stripping. ■ Heavy-duty extruded aluminum cladding on exterior surfaces of both sash and frame. ■ Patented folding nailing fin. ■ NWWDA' Grade 60 performance rating. (Please see other side for additional information.) U Heavy -Duty Aluminum Cladding ... Available in six standard and three custom colors. A special application process produces a hard, baked -on finish that resists scratches, fading, and chalking. Six Standard Colors*: 10 Quaker Bronze 02 Bright White 03 Taupe © Forest Green 07 Oxford Gray ® Vintage Burgundy Three Custom Colors*: ® Antique Ivory 05 Onyx Black 09 Heritage Blue * PLEASE NOTE: Colors shown may not be accurately reproduced. Consult with your local Semco dealer to view actual painted samples of cladding colors available. Hardware... The standard hardware color is Bronze: White and Bright Brass are also available. Choose Any Number Of These Options... FACTORY APPLIED STANDARD JAMB WIDTH -4-9/16" 2 EXTERIOR OPTIONS AVAILABLE: • ALUMINUM CLAD (SEE COLOR SAMPLES SHOWN AT LEFT.) • SPECIAL COLOR ALUMINUM CLAD INTERIOR OPTIONS AVAILABLE: • NATURAL • PRIMED HARDWARE OPTIONS AVAILABLE: • BRONZE • WHITE • BRIGHT BRASS GRILLE OPTIONS AVAILABLE: • WOOD COLONIAL (KD) • WOOD COLONIAL (FULL SURROUND) • INTERNAL (BRONZE, WHITE, AND TAUPE) SCREEN OPTIONS AVAILABLE3: • BRONZE • WHITE • BRIGHT BRASS • TAUPE • SPECIAL AND CUSTOM COLOR (CLAD ONLY) PERM -A -SEAL STORM WINDOWS 30° AND 45° ANGLE BAYS GLAZING OPTIONS AVAILABLE: DUALPANE INSULATING GLASS • DUALPANE CLEAR 1 • DUALPANE WITH BRONZE TINT • DUALPANE WITH GRAY TINT 1 • DUALPANE WITH GREEN TINT • DUALPANE WITH OBSCURE' • DUALPANE WITH SOLAR BRONZE TINT DUALPANE LoE INSULATING GLASS • DUALPANE CLEAR LoE 1 • DUALPANE LoE WITH BRONZE TINT • DUALPANE LoE WITH GRAY TINT 1 • DUALPANE LoE WITH GREEN TINT • DUALPANE LoE WITH OBSCURE 1 • DUALPANE LoE WITH SOLAR COOL BRONZE SIMULATED DIVIDED LIGHT • 7/8" SIMULATED DIVIDED LIGHT W/O SPACER (CLAD ONLY)11 • 7/8" SIMULATED DIVIDED LIGHT WITH SPACER (CLAD ONLY)l DUALPANE THICKNESS -11/16" 1 Indicates also available tempered. 2 Jamb widths shown are standard. However. Semco offers many other jamb widths that can be factory applied or shipped loose. Consult your local Semco dealer for complete details 3 Pleasenote: Screens that are used in Semco windows, doors, and Perm -A -Seal storm and screen units are designed and provided to repel insects only. They are not designed to restrain children or animals. The Semling-Menke Company, Inc. reserves the nght, as necessary, to change product specifications, materials, and methods o/ manufacture without prior notice. Please contact your nearest Semco dealer—or call Semling-Menke Co., Inc., at 1-800-333-2206. • WINDOWS AND DOORS • • c • NATIONAL REGISTER NOMINATION STAFF REPORT PROPERTY -- East Bank Multiple Property Listing South Bend, Indiana OWNER -- Various - 165 resources listed STANDARDS The nomination proposes placement of three districts and 13 individual properties on the National Register of Historic Places. Most districts and properties are nominated on the basis of Criteria A and C (historical events and architecture) except for the I&M Transformer and Garage and the Singer/South Bend Lathe Historic District which are based only on Criterion A. The LaSalle Street Bridge which is based only on Criterion C, and The Maurice Egan House which is based on Criteria A, B (association with a person of historical importance), and C. National Register Bulletin 15 - How to Apply the National Rep:ist.er Criteria for Evaluation provides' in Criterion A that "Properties can be eligible for the National Register of Historic Places if they are associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of history." The Bulletin further provides in Criterion B that "Properties can be eligible for the National Register of Historic Places if they are associated with the • lives of persons significant in our past." The Bulletin further provides in Criterion C that "Properties can be .eligible for the National Register of Historic Places if they embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or that represent the work of a master, or that possess high artistic values, or that represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction." RECOMMENDATION The Staff of the HPC recommends in favor of the nomination of the East Bank Multiple Property Listing roughly located on the east bank of the St. Joseph River east of Eddy Street and South of Napoleon Street in the city of South Bend to the National Register of Historic Places. The properties included variously meet the criteria A, B, and C as discussed above. As described in the Statement of Historic Context section of the nomination, the development of the East Bank area as we know it today commenced around 1835 with the construction of the dam in the St. Joseph River feeding races at each bank and the platting of the City of Lowell. Interrupted. by the "panic of 1837" the dam and races were not completed until 1845 after which industrial uses were quickly established. Significantly separated from South Bend by the river with only ferry service connecting, Lowell developed as a whole community with all commercial, residential., and industrial necessities. Lowell and South Bend were connected by a covered bridge at Water Street (now LaSalle) by the 1850's. Following the Civil War, Lowell was annexed to South • Bend as part of that city's re -incorporation. • • • NATIONAL REGISTER NOMINATION STAFF REPORT The boundaries of the various plats, subdivisions and additions to the City of Lowell were established as the subject area of the nomination presently under consideration, although all buildings, structures, sites, and objects included in the nomination are from the period following annexation. These properties range from a vernacular house constructed in the mid 1870s which still evidences strong influences of the Greek Revival style prevalent of the period of pioneer settlement to Art Moderne facades for industrial facilities from the early 1940s. The listed properties include firehouses schools, churches, storefront commercial buildings, industrial and manufacturing plants, private residences, public parks, and infrastructural elements such as bridges and brick paved streets which in aggregate retain the character, association and feel necessary for historical recognition. It is the opinion of HPC Staff that these districts, buildings, structures. sites, and objects meet the criteria for eligibility for the National Register of Historic Places. Staff recommends that the commission send a favorable ruling to the Mayor of South Bend and to the State Historic Preservation Office. DBD Director 10/15/97 c NATIONAL REGISTER NOMINATION STAFF REPORT NOTE: Because of its voluminous nature, I have not included the whole nomination for the East Bank Multiple Property Listing which includes individual nominations for each .ofthe three districts and for each individually listed building in your packets. Only the general heading multiple property listing materials are enclosed. Of course, the entire nomination is available in our office and will be at the HPC meeting. I would be happy to photo -copy all or any part of the entire nomination for anyone who so desires a copy for review. DBD 10/15/97 0 • NPS Form 10-900-b OMB No. 1024-0018 (Revised March 1992) United States Department of the Interior • National Park Service National Register of. Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form This form is used for documenting multiple property groups relating to one or several historic contexts. See instructions in How to Complete the Multiple Property Documentation Form (National Register Bulletin 16B). Complete each item by entering the requested information. For additional space, use continuation sheets (Form 10-900-a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer to complete all Items. X New Submission Amended Submission A. Name of Multiple Property Listing East Bank Multiple Property Listing B. Associated Historic Contexts (Name each associated historic context, identifying theme, geographical area, and chronological period for each.) Industrial Era Development in the East Bank, South Bend, Indiana 1867 - 1947 C. Form Prepared by • name/title Camille B. Fife organization The Westerly Group, Inc. date June 1997 street & number 556 W. 1175 N. Rd. telephone ( 812) 696-2415 city or town Farmersburq state Indiana zip Code 47850 D. Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this documentation form meets the National Register documentation standards and sets forth requirements for the listing of related properties consistent with the National Register criteria. This submission meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60 and the Secretary of the Interior's Standards and Guidelines for Archeology and Historic Preservation. (❑ See continuation sheet for additional comments.) Signature and title of certifying official State or Federal agency and bureau Date hereby certify that this multiple property documentation form has been approved by the National Register as a basis for evaluating related properties for listing in the National Register. • Signature of the Keeper Date of Action East Bank Multiple Property Listing Indiana Name of Multiple Property Listing State • Table of Contents for Written Narrative Provide the following information on continuation sheets. Cite the letter and the title before each section of the narrative. Assign page numbers according to the instructions for continuation sheets in Now to Complete the Multiple Property Documentation Form (National Register Bulletin 16B). Fill in page numbers for each section in the space below. Page Numbers E. Statement of Historic Contexts (If more than one historic context is documented, present them in sequential order.) F. Associated Property Types 22 (Provide description, significance, and registration requirements.) G. Geographical Data 32 H. Summary of Identification and Evaluation Methods 33 (Discuss the methods used in developing the multiple property listing.) I. Major Bibliographical References 35 (List major written works and primary location of additional documentation: State Historic Preservation Office, other State agency, Federal agency, local government, university, or other, specifying repository.) Primary location of additional data: • Q State Historic Preservation Office ❑ Other State agency ❑ Federal agency ❑ Local government O University ® Other Name of repository: So. Bend/St. Joseph County Historic Preservation Commission Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 at seq.). Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average 120 hours per response including the time for reviewing instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of this form to the Chief, Administrative Services Division, National Park Service, P.O. Box 37127, Washington, DC 200137127; and the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reductions Project (1024-0018), Washington, DC 20503. fin F&M 104=4 OW AAWVW Na 1024 -XIS Me) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet E 1 East Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph County, Indiana E.. Statement of Historic Context Industrial Era Development in the East Bank, South Bend, Indiana, 1867 - 1947 The City of South Bend gained fame in the late nineteenth and throughout much of the twentieth century for.its industrial development. Probably the'best known of its factories was the Studebaker Brothers Manufacturing Company, who produced first wagons, and then the well-known automobile until the 1960s. other companies with national reputations included the Oliver Chilled Plow Works, Singer Manufacturing and the South Bend Lathe Company. For a.city of its size, South Bend's manufactories were notable. The genesis of this industrial development was, naturally, its location on the St. Joseph River and the available water power it promised. Pre-Historv. Earlv Exploration and Settlement The earliest Europeans to explore northern Indiana were the French, looking for furs and other exportable commodities along water routes. Prior to their ventures in the late 17th Century, the land in the river valleys of the Great Lakes area was populated by.Native- American peoples. (The earliest occupation of the Kankakee and St. Joseph River valleys may date to 10,000-8,000 B.C.) The river systems in the northern Indiana area 'were an active trading and transportation venue for the cultures of the Woodland and Mississippian Traditions (1000 B.C. to A.D. 1600.) By the 1600s, the Algoinquian-speaking peoples called (by the French) the Miamis had moved down to the northern Indiana region from Wisconsin and Illinois. Later moving further south, they were followed by the Potawatomi, who became the most populous native culture in the region. They were encountered by early French travelers like Ren6-Robert Cavalier; Sieur de La Salle who ventured up the St. Joseph River from its effluence at Lake Michigan, to the present site of South Bend. To the south of this site, an ancient portage to the Kankakee offered a practical water route from the Great Lakes to the Mississippi. ' Although the French established early trading posts in various parts of northern Indiana, development in the territory waned following their defeat in the French and Indian War. The British influence City of South Bend Summary Report, Indiana Historic Sites and Structures Survey. Indianapolis/ South Bend: Indiana DNR, Division of Historic Preservation & Archaeology, 1993, p. 29. NPI Form 10400-a CYTS AAPVsW NA 1024.001 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet E 2 East Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph County, Indiana followed, but ceased after the colonial era. Only a few European traders and the Potawatomi were left to enjoy the rich benefits of these valleys until the second decade of the nineteenth century when American settlers ventured into the northern country from the southern part of the state where early settlement had concentrated. The Miamis and the Potowatomies had title to most of the land along the northern tier, according to treaties of 1795 and later. When Indiana became a state in 1816, fur trading.companies had been operating in the South Bend area for nearly a decade, attracted by the river access. But in 1820, when Pierre Navarre built a trading post at the South Bend of the St. Joseph River, it was located on land still owned by the native peoples. Alexis Coquillard followed in 1823 and, in 1827 they were joined by Lathrop Taylor. The latter two purchased land from the government in 1831, when it became available after being acquired from the Potowatomi by various treaties. The'name South Bend was given to the town they platted, after its location on the St. Joseph River. Coquillard is generally credited as the founder of South Bend and much of the property in the East Bank area once belonged to him or his • forbears. Two factors helped make South Bend a leader in the development of northern Indiana -- water and land transportation. The geologic base of the area, laid down by recurring episodes of glacial ice and water, resulted in a rich mix of loam and sand, with generous gravel deposits. Much of the land was covered with marsh, but The St. Joseph River, noted for its bends and a substantial rise necessary for swift water, offered great potential. For native Americans and early traders alike, this river and its sister the Kankakee to the southwest, provided smooth travel to the Great Lakes as well as south to the mouth of the Mississippi, with only a short overland portage. ' With a bit of luck, South Bend also became a hub for the earliest nineteenth century highway. The first route planned for the Michigan Road, the projected north/south artery between Lake Michigan and the Wabash River would have bypassed the area.' As envisioned, it was to follow the straightest route between present day Michigan City and Logansport. However, because of the considerable amount of swampland which had to be traversed, this corridor was rejected . When they resurveyed the route in 1828, surveyors "discovered,$ the elevated land around the pronounced south bend of the river, declaring it to be "a Z Ibid., and Timothy Howard, A History of ST. Joseph County, Indiana, Vol I, Chicago/New York: Lewis Publishing Co., 1907, p. 155. Howard, pp. 246 - 247. ` NPI Form 104=4 1024-WIS (6-" United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet E 3 East Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph County, Indiana beautiful site for a town., ` It is probably no surprise that .the new route would meander through this generously endowed area where Navarre and Coquillard, two energetic early entrepreneurs had already established trading ventures along the river's high banks. Coquillard, a man of great enterprise and dedication, would be called the founder of South Bend. The influence which he exerted on its development was enormous. The East Bank area would be touched by him and by his descendants for.many years to come. 5 With the potential of river power and ties to overland transportation, the infant South Bend was set to emerge. South Bend Takes Root In 1823, the land upon which Navarre and Coquillard had settled was still part of the holdings of the native American tribes. 6 Pressures for settlement had resulted in additional treaties. But eventually, most of the native peoples were removed by government edict to lands west of the Mississippi River. By 1827, Lathrop Taylor had joined • Navarre and Coquillard. Soon the two later arrivals would jointly own all of the'land upon which the original town of South Bend was platted. ' In 1830, St. Joseph County was organized by an act of the Indiana Legislature, and government lands in the area were available. In March of 1831, Alexis Coquillard and Lathrop Taylor recorded their plat for the town of South Bend. The configuration of this original plat, all on the west bank of the river, was roughly a polygon, with its irregular right edge formed by the St. Joseph. Lots were one quarter acre each and a goodly number were set aside for the use of the County, although the County Seat was not initially located here. Within a few months of the registration of the plat, this was accomplished. As was usual in such cases, lots were donated to the Town of South Bend for educational purposes. Less commonly, lots were ` Howard, p. 155-157. 'City of South Bend Summary Report, Indiana Historic Sites and Structures Survey, Indianapolis: DNR/ Division of Historic Preservation & Archaeology, 1993, p. 31. 6 Howard, P. 155 • 7 City of South Bend Summary Report, p. 29, 31. NPI form 164044 ("Q United States Department of the Interior National Park Service CW AAWM Na 1C4 -X18 10 National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet E 4 East Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number, Page St. Joseph . County, Indiana also donated to the Catholic Church for a church site. Meanwhile, between 1830 and 1832, Father Stephen Badin had amassed a large site north of the town, encompassing hundreds of acres, purchased from the government and early settlers. Its history reached back to the seventeenth century when the gently rolling land graced by two lakes was named Ste -Marie -des -Lacs by the French Jesuit, Claude Allouez. Badin was a secular -missionary priest who came to the northern Indiana frontier in 1830. He had erected a log cabin on his tract, but in 1835 he sold it to the Vincennes diocese in the hope that a charitable and/or educational institution would be established there.9 Later, this site would have tremendous importance for the community of South Bend and far-reaching influence on the East Bank area. River Power The fall of the waters of the St. Joseph River promised new energy for • the pioneer community along its bank. The first industries used water power to process the fruit of the surrounding agricultural lands. An 1880 historian would later describe it: "The city is surrounded by a.rich and highly cultivated agricultural region. The beautiful prairies of Terre Coupee, Portage, Harris, Palmer and Sumption are within the county, covered with productive farms and celebrated for their large yield of all kinds of grain. South and southeast of the city are large tracts of heavily timbered lands, furnishing an abundance of the best walnut, cherry, poplar and oak lumber." io But before this optimistic vision could be realized, the swamps would have to be drained and the great St. Joseph tamed. In 1835, steps, were taken toward this end by several New York state entrepreneurs when they purchased the water power and rights at South Bend from Alexis Coquillard. The latter gentleman had sunk his energies into the notion of excavating a "race" which would connect the Kankakee and St. Joseph Rivers, and was preoccupied with this project at the time. e Howard, pp. 351 - 356. 9 Thomas J. Schlereth, The University of Notre Dame, A Portrait of Its History and Campus, Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 1976; pp - 3 -6. 4134Charles C. Chapman & Co., History of St. Joseph County, Indiana ..., Chicago: Charles C. Chapman & Co., 1880. p. 860. N" Fare 104064 ON9 AFpwef N0. 1024-M if (Nq United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet E 5 East Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph County, Indiana Thus, it was left to the out-of-towners, Joseph Fellows, Garrett V. Dennison and others to build a dam across the St. Joseph at South Bend and harness its power for local use. Unfortunately, they did not progress rapidly and when the Panic of 1837 disrupted the national economy, they ceased operations altogether. Mr. Coquillard's venture did not turn out too well either. " By 1842 the newly incorporated South Bend Manufacturing Company's officers, A. R. Harper, W. H. Patteson and L. M: Taylor were authorized to complete the dam at South Bend. They became the owner of one half of the water power of that part of the river, with the east half going to Samuel L. Cottrell (later transferred to the South Bend Hydraulic Company.) Work on the dam began in earnest in 1843 and was completed in 1844. Two races were contemplated, one on the west and another in the crook of the river bend, on the east. The South Bend Hydraulic Company built the east race in 1842 and by 1845, both races were operating, setting the stage for manufacturing development. 12 At first, water power along the river ran grist and saw mills. These naturally drew upon the prevalent farm crops, and relyed upon farmers who patronized the mills. Most combined the trip with visits to merchants, blacksmiths and other shops. With a concentration of such mills, demand for farm implements and other products grew -- thus spurring further manufacturing. South Bend grew more than tenfold between 1830 and 1850, from 128 to 1,652 people. The 1850s would see the west bank of South Bend begin to tap its manufacturing potential. Developments on the East Bank While economic activity was growing on the west bank, the east bank of the St. Joseph River was also coming to life. Town father Alexis Coquillard sold a considerable amount of land on.the East Bank to Christopher W. Emrick, who laid out the original plat of the town of Lowell in 1837. The town was named for*New England's renown riverside manufacturing center, probably in the hope that it would emulate its namesake. 14 The town first encompassed a two block strip in the 11 Howard, P. 229. 12 Howard, p. 229; City of South Bend Summary Report, p. 34. 13 Cit of South Bend Summary Report, p. 34. • 14 Ibid. Nit Foran 164064 OW AAWVO(Na /07iN1/ United States Department of the Interior National Park Service 10 National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet E 6 East Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph ,County, Indiana present East Bank area, from slightly north of Cedar Street in the north, to Jefferson Boulevard in the south and between Niles Avenue and St. Louis Boulevard, as well as a section westward to the river between Madison and Washington Streets. After the east race was completed through this latter part of Lowell in the 1840s, the community's industrial future looked bright. Additional parcels of land began to be laid out and registered, including several by the pioneer developer, Samuel Cottrell. In an 1853 advertisement he offered: "...lots of water power for sale to those desiring to purchase, on the most reasonable terms as to price and the time of payment. " 15 As the next decade matured, thoughts about connections with the west side of the river came into the public mind. A contemporary historian recalled: "Quite a thriving town was built up, and for some years the question of its annexation to South Bend was agitated, its interests being closely identified with the latter place.,, 16 The East Bank was a thriving area by the middle of the sixth decade of the nineteenth century. Additions to the original Town of Lowell had swollen the town nearly twice. By 1866, most of the East Bank Multiple Property Listing area would be annexed to the City of South Bend. In five more years, two additional parcels would be added to complete the present geographic boundaries and the East Bank would move into its prime. The forces which would continue to shape the area were well in place, including the river, the east race and its subsidiary races, the industries which lined these waterways or clustered between them, and the upper and middle class residential neighborhoods which were growing to the north, south and east. Among the most important of these forces was an academic, religious and industrial complex taking shape just north of the East Bank district, on 540 acres of prime land surrounding two beautiful lakes -- the future Notre Dame. In its early years, brick and lime production would be almost as important as education. Our Ladv to the North 15 Ibid. 16 Chapman, p. 861. 1' Harland Bartholomew, Major Street Report for South Bend, Indiana. St. Louis, Missouri: Harland Bartholomew, City Plan Engineer, Consultant, 1924, Map "Plan No. 2" p. 10. N" Foran 10-0044 OW AMM%W ft 1024-WIS United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet E 7 East Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph .County, Indiana Father Edward Sorin first arrived in November of 1842 on the snow covered land that the veteran missionary, Stephen Badin had amassed a decade before. A French priest in the wilderness, he'was a member of a religious- community which would eventually be known as the Congregation of Holy Cross (C.S.C.) Like so many before him, he (and seven religious brothers) came with hope.and dedication to build institutions which would endure. But twenty=eight year old Father Sorin was unique in the extraordinary energy -and spirit which he displayed. He had attempted to build a college Iirst at a location in southern Indiana, but without the permission of the Bishop in Vincennes. This permission did not materialize and the project was stopped, but the wily Breton Bishop, Celestine de la Hailandi6re, offered Sorin the property in northern Indiana -- with this tough proviso: that he would reopen a mission station, establish a brothers' novitiate and build his projected college, all within two years time. In addition, Sorin and his band would be expected to meet the spiritual needs of approximately 200 local Indian Catholics, the (mostly French Canadian) families in South Bend as well as those located in neighboring northern Indiana and southern Michigan settlements. The brothers arrived at their new post after an arduous 250 -mile overland journey with about $300, a letter of credit and the determination to meet the challenge which had been offered. 1' Two years later, the 524 acre property had five buildings, including a men's college, a preparatory high school, an'apprentices' vocational school and a religious novitiate as well as eight faculty and twenty five students. Sorin had changed the name to Notre Dame du Lac (later to be shortened to Notre Dame) and installed a regime which was, according to a local historian, "French in conception, nomenclature, personnel, methods, ideas and aims." Ties between Notre Dame and South Bend were strong from the beginning. Although Sorin's colony, immediately began felling trees and constructing log and frame dwellings, when plans for a more permanent college building did not arrive as promised, he built a modest structure on his own plans, with bricks generously donated by Benjamin Coquillard (a local merchant and Alexis' brother.) 19 As early as 1843, Father Sorin initiated brick production at Notre Dame, using rich marl deposits present on site. A year later lime kilns were also in operation. The brothers were assisted by hired men who lived on the property. By 1858, one half million distinctive, 18 Schlereth, pp. 3 - 8. • 19 Ibid. NPI Form 10400.4 OLO Afpvvel Na 1024-°°18 c"q United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet E 8 East Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph County, Indiana yellow -buff 11Notre Dame bricks" were produced annually. Production of this brick and valuable lime for mortar continued until the early 1880s. All of the buildings erected at Notre Dame during this time were built with this brick, and it became a respected and popular local building material. 20 Father Sorin was not only a dedicated religious man, but he was a skilled nineteenth century entrepreneur as well. The men of his community also combined, in typical missionary fashion, the practical with the divine. Among his colleagues were a farmer, who transformed the existing 10 cleared acres into 120 under cultivation within two years and a carpenter who immediately established a carpentry shop. Among the early pioneers of the site was the University's first architect, a tradition which would continue to the present day. 21 Many of the buildings in the East Bank were designed and/or constructed by architects and builders who received their training at Notre Dame. • In 1855, under Sorin's urging, the University administration decided to develop some of its property in the present East Bank area, approximately one mile south of the campus. A 120 -acre development, which came to be called "Sorinsville6 was platted, with lots available for a down payment of $25, the rest to be paid in'labor, trade or long-term credit. The institution hoped to attract many of the Catholic laborers, especially the Irish who had ventured into the area to work on canals and railroads. The area was also called, "little Dublin" or the "village catholique." In addition, a few faculty residences were constructed along its gracious lanes, one of which, the Maurice Egan House, remains today. Streets were named after important patrons or persons in Notre Dame history; for example, Napoleon Street was named after Napoleon III. 22 Today, many of these names have been retained. Sorin Street and Notre Dame Avenue (which runs north/south nearly the entire length of the'East Bank) are just two reminders of the great influence which Notre Dame exerted upon the early development of the area. Sorinsville was incorporated into the Town of South Bend as the new Fourth Ward, along with most of the present East Bank area in 1866. Five years later, two other additions were annexed. One encompassed 20 Ibid., pp. 17-18. 21 Ibid., pp. 12, 20. 0 22 Ibid., pp. 24-25. C] r� U • (6-M N" ram 104=4 United States Department of the Interior Natlonal Park Service oue AAvvaf Na 1014.W 18 National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet E 9 East Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph County, Indiana much of the land south of the Grand Trunk Railroad, part of which was platted by Samuel Parry and which still contains an example of early vernacular architecture. Another small section to the north was also added in 1871, to complete the present configuration. " East Bank in its Prime With the advent of incorporation into the City of South Bend, the East Bank began to enjoy the benefits of added infrastructure and services. While the central industrial core remained, nearest to the river, with intermittent commercial development nearby, small neighborhoods arose around the perimeter. In addition, as the century came to a close, sections in the uplands to the north and east of the river saw upper class homes, even mansions being constructed, several by noted local architects. All of this was the result of South Bend's increasing industrial power. The money that fueled the manufactories also built homes and developed parklands. Infrastructure While the St. Joseph River provided early transportation and water power, for many years it was also a barrier to communications between east and west bank populations. A ferry was licensed on the river, at what is now LaSalle Street, as early as 1831, when Nehemiah B. Griffith was authorized to operate a boat, which by decree, was required to carry one team and wagon. 24 on busy days, the waiting line must have been long. By the 1850s, bridge building across the river had occurred, but difficulties plagued the efforts. A covered wooden bridge was constructed by the county (now responsible for bridge building) on the LaSalle Street crossing, but its roof and eastern half were devastated by the town's only tornado, which came, through in 1865. A few years later, a more substantial iron suspension, or chain bridge was erected at the LaSalle crossing. Unfortunately a haphazard workman one day drove a pin out of the east end, sending the whole structure into the river. A more substantial truss bridge was erected in its place. Many of the next bridges to be built connecting the east and west banks, including one on Colfax Avenue, were constructed with great iron girders resting on massive stone piers. This was more successful, but the vagaries of winter weather could still wreak " Bartholomew, p. 10. 24 Howard, p. 233. H►t Fane 146064 OW AXt%hW Ha 1621-0011 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet E 10 East Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph .County, Indiana havoc. In February of 1881, after a period of torrential rains, an immense gorge of ice and water formed about a mile above the city. On the afternoon of the 10th, it came surging downstream toward the Jefferson Street Bridge, where it pounded against the bridge supports until one end dropped into the foaming current, flipping the entire structure. The force then hurled the debris over the dam, mixing -it with the frozen ice and whirling it like a massive sledge against the ice breakers of the iron bridge at Colfax Avenue. The frenzied conglomeration snapped them like pipestems. The stone pier saved the entire bridge from collapse, but the tortuous mass continued on its devastating path, pummelling toward the Leeper Bridge at Michigan Street. The fragile wooden span bravely stood its ground --but only for a short time. 25 With such disasters in mind, St. Joseph County Commissioners enthusiastically embraced new bridge innovations when they became available after the turn of the century. One such system, the Melan arch construction which employed steel ribs buried in cast concrete, • promised a nearly indestructible "stone" arch of beauty and grace. After an initial experiment on Cedar Street in Mishawaka proved successful, the commissioners ordered three more to be built in the county. Two of these would span the St. Joseph River in South Bend. 26 Both of them, the Jefferson and LaSalle Street Bridges remain today -- striking examples of the pride and affluence which the industrial era brought to the East Bank at the dawn of the new century. The railroad came to South Bend in 1851, with the first through train in October of that year. The line, after consolidation, was known as the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern, but it didn't traverse the East Bank area. Later, in 1870, the Michigan Central line came down with a branch line which terminated at the Singer Manufacturing Company facility on East Madison, with railroad yards across Niles Street (then called Emrick) to the east. Finally, a conglomerate of various companies conspired to bring the Grand Trunk Railroad through South Bend. At first it operated under the name'of the Chicago & Lake Huron company, but by 1879 it was taken over by the Grand Trunk of Canada. 27 This east/west line bisected the East Bank in the south and a concrete and steel railroad bridge was erected in 1929 across the St. 25 South Bend Tribune, February 10, 1881, reprinted in Phillip H. Ault, South Bend Remembers, Decatur, IL: Spectator Books, 1977. 26 Howard, pp. 232-233. • 27 Ibid. N18 Form 14a004 CUB ACPVvW Nn 1024=18 ("Q United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet E 11 East Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph County, Indiana Joseph River at the foot of Howard Park. Although the railroad line has long since vanished, this bridge recalls the era when rails carried the manufactured goods of the town to Port Huron in the east, or north to Chicago. About the time that the East Bank was annexed into South Bend, the municipality (which had also just been incorporated) established its first systematic grades for streets. Most streets during this era were gravel, with a few gutters or streets paved in cobblestones. It wasn't until 1889 that the city began paving streets in brick. Money was scarce for such improvements, which had, by law, to come within a two percent limit of indebtedness. Thanks to a change in financing which was made possible by the state legislature in 1889, South Bend was able to begin a program of sewer installation and street paving which resulted, by 1906 in a total of 42'miles of pavement, of which 36 and a half was brick. one of the first of these pavements was laid by the East Bank contractor and occasional politician, Martin Hoban. 28 His statuesque home on East Colfax is evidence of the • success he experienced, helping develop the infrastructure of the East Bank. Today, many brick -paved streets are partially or fully evident in the East -Bank. Two good examples are the block of East Madison between Niles Street and the river and East Washington Street, in the East Washington Street Historic District. Trolleys were first franchised in South Bend in 1880, the earliest still drawn by horses or mules. By the early 1900s, many areas of the city were served by electric trolleys, including.the East Bank, and connections to other cities in the region were easy and convenient. When the Jefferson Street Bridge was completed in 1906, the tracks of the Northern Indiana Railway (an electric trolley) were laid down the center. In order to keep interruption of this important artery to a minimum, the old bridge was temporarily moved by scows to a location 42 feet north, where piles had been driven. The trolleys continued to run while construction ensued, thus ensuring that people and goods could move quickly between east and west bank areas. 9 Industries and Industrialists in the East Bank While South Bend's largest industries were located, after 1870, in the 211 Ibid., p. 370. • p. 8. 29 Ibid, P. 241 and "New Bridge Ready", South Bend Tribune, July 21, 1906, NPI form 10. 0 ("Q OW AAWV+I NM 1024-001/ United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet; E 12 East Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph.County, Indiana southwest part of the city, west of the river, many East Bank operations continued to prosper along the east race. A few, whose structures remain as evidence of the industrial era in the East Bank area, are discussed here. When Leighton Pine, an agent for the East Coast -based Singer Manufacturing Company came to South Bend in 1868, to find a location for a new cabinet works for the company, he selected a site on the east race in the East Bank area. With ready labor, power and local hardwoods at hand, South Bend was perfect for such an operation. After some competition with Mishawaka, local entities attracted the company through free water power and a site purchased by local subscription. In its first year, the plant employed 168 men and produced $10,000 worth of cases and cabinets. Sturdy three story brick structures were built and by 1870 two dry kilns, two boilers and a steam engine were added. The complex at one point contained facilities for all of the activities from storage of lumber to assembly and packing of the finished product. • By 1891 there were 898 employees. In 1900 growth had been so energetic that the company saw it would soon outgrow the East Madison Street site and a new facility was constructed in southwest South Bend. In 1901, just before Singer closed its doors on the East Bank plant, the company employed 1500 workers to produce 5,000 sets of sewing machines per day. 31 Many of the Singer workers lived in the East Bank area, and continued to reside there after the plant moved. A few of these workers can be identified with extant buildings in the East Bank Multiple Property Listing. These include John Sommerer, who lived at 415 S. Parry Street, Charles -A. Buck and Charles McCormick (E. Colfax), Joseph Mossey and Christopher Weidman (E. Washington and N. St. Louis, respectively) and Henry Haslinger, a plant foreman after its relocation, who lived at 230 S. Frances Street. Following the removal of the Singer plant, several local manufacturing entities occupied the site on East Madison Street. Among these, is the South Bend Motor Car Works which once assembled fire vehicles. They manufactured the metal and woodwork, transmission, fenders, pumps and wheels, assembling them with motors shipped from Wisconsin. They survived at the site until 1919 when they were sold to Bendix. Another East Bank company, South Bend Lathe, would become an internationally known industry. It maintained at the East Madison facility from 1908 until 1965 when they relocated elsewhere in South • 30 Various sources quoted in Indiana Historic Sites and Structures Inventory, Survey Form, 8/79; 5/84;8/87. • • N" Form 16400a W" United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet E 13 Section number Page 0W AAWYSI Ha 1024m1/ East Bank Multiple Property Listing St. Joseph.County, Indiana Bend. Established in 1906 as the South Bend Machine and Tool Company by enterprizing twin brothers, Miles and John J. O'Brien, the factory produced high quality lathes in a variety of sizes, automatic gear cutting machinery and other apparatus. A handbook produced in 1907 by the Company, "How to Run a Lathe", appeared in vocational, trade and engineering schools in 137 countries. These respected East Bank. industries are recalled by buildings dating from 1870 to 1947 in the Singer Mfg./South Bend Lathe Co. Historic District, much of which has been sensitively adapted for modern use. The A. C. Staley Manufacturing Company had been located on the east race in the East Bank area since the latter part of the nineteenth century. A successful woolen mill which spun yarn and manufactured men's underwear, it occupied a site between the east race and the river in 1891, using power from a flume between the two watercourses. Several other industries shared the site, including a porcelain company and the Indiana Paper Company. Purchased by the Stephenson Brothers in 1907, the Staley Company became known as the Stephenson Underwear Mills. The company expanded in 1916, taking over the entire site south of E. Colfax Avenue by 1917. During World War I it prospered, fulfilling contracts for war garments, but by the 1920s it had converted much of its activities to jobbing and wholesaling. Later, the company experienced heavy debt, especially after the crash of 1929 and it did not survive the depression which followed. Today, a well -constructed concrete and brick building remains from the complex on Colfax Avenue. It is individually listed in the National Register of Historic Places. One of the homes in the East Washington Street Historic District (at 919 E. Washington) can be associated with this company, its owner,George Hewitt, was a former superintendent for the mill. Many other industrial activities had concentrated on the East Bank, particularly in the large area between the east race and the river. Most have long since vanished, with little historic fabric to mark their passing. Among these were the South Bend Woolen Company, (which once had an operation in the community), the Winkler Brothers Wagon and Carriage works and the South Bend Toy Manufacturing Company. Across from the Singer Manufacturing Company, was a paper mill, originally operated by Beach & Keedy, then E. S. Reynolds, and by 1907, the LaSalle Paper Company. According to a contemporary historian, the first paper manufactured in South Bend was produced at their factory on the east race. " Today, the building still survives, but it has been considerably changed. Paper has not been 3 1 Howard, p. 408. NPI (" conn la000a OUS Mv+nvef Na 1024-M 18 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet E 14 East Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph County, Indiana manufactured here for many years. Small industries also prospered in the East Bank during the industrial years. one -which survived to the present day, was the Lauber & Weiss Galvanized works, later the J. C. Lauber Company. Specializing in tin and other metal items, the company once employed 26 laborers in its facility on E. LaSalle Street.- Commercial treet: Commercial ventures also served the workers and -families that congregated in the East Bank. The neighborhoods which developed created a demand for local goods and services. The corner grocery, which prospered during these pre -mall days, was common in the late nineteenth and the first half of the twentieth century. The McCormick Building on Colfax, for example, served as a home for various local merchants one of which was George Sommerer's grocery, a fixture at the site for many years. As previously mentioned, toward the end of the nineteenth century, • many of the large industries no longer used water power, preferring to generate electricity with coal-fired steam turbines. The west side industries had their electric power plants, but so did the East Bank. The site which is presently occupied by the Indiana & Michigan Electric Company buildings, between the east race and the river, on the north side of E. Colfax, had first been occupied by the South Bend Electric Company between 1891 and 1893,'according to Sanborn Insurance maps. When the I & M Electric Company built their new plant on the site in 1911, it was considered one of the most modern in the state. Dependence on electrical power had grown to the extent that the company took great pains to assure continued service for its customers (both industrial and residential) during construction. The stately buildings which remain date from the first two decades of this century. Although no longer used for power generation the complex attests to the great importance of reliable electrical power in the East Bank during the early twentieth century. sz Industries which were not located in the East Bank, also had an effect on the area. Most notable of these was the Studebaker enterprises, which was, along with the Oliver Chilled Plow Works, the largest industry in South Bend. The Studebaker Brothers Manufacturing Company had begun in 1852 with a small blacksmith shop. By the 1870s, they had grown to a nationally known carriage and wagon manufacturer. By 1911 the company was reorganized as the Studebaker Corporation and • 32 Indiana Historic Sites and Structures Inventory forms, 1977/1979/1988; Sanborn Insurance Maps, 1885, 1891, 1893, 1899, 1817, 1917 updated to c. 1945. Not Form 104064 ("q United States Department of the Interior National Park Service 10 National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet "AmMM H0. 1074-01/ E 15 East Bank Multiple Property Listing Sectlon number Pepe St. Joseph ..County, . Indiana quickly moved from carriages to the well-known automobile, which continued to be produced at South Bend until 1963, their final year of production. John M. Studebaker had bought out one of his brothers to join the company in 1868 and he continued to be an active part of the organization for the rest of his life. 33 J. M. Studebaker built a large a gracious home, east of the East Bank area at 1219 E. Jefferson. "Sunnyside", the family complex, was built on a high promontory, in an area outside the city limits,.called Lowell Heights. Here, from his estate of several hundred acres, he could look out upon the entire city. The first land in his view was the East Bank. When his daughter Grace married Frederick Fish, a republican senator from New Jersey, the newspaper called the.home "a revelation" and "one of the largest residences in the state." The bride and groom were married in the old First Presbyterian Church on E. Washington, about a mile from the estate. 34 After.World War I, in recognition of the donation of land and money by J. M. Studebaker, as well as his daughter and son-in-law, a new church was built (presently • in the E. Washington Street Historic District) and dedicated as the Sunnyside Presbyterian Church. Mr. Studebaker owned a considerable amount of the property along E. Washington, E. Jefferson and Eddy Street in the East Bank. The Sunnyside apartments on E. Jefferson also recall his home, and several homes were commissioned by Mr. Studebaker. An example is the house designed by Austin & Shambleau at 904.E. Jefferson. In all, at least a dozen or more properties in the East Bank can trace some connection with Mr. Studebaker and his family, a conservative estimate. 35 The businesses, industries and homeowners who settled in the East Bank area during the nineteenth and early twentieth century demanded the amenities of urban life: fire and police protection, churches, schools and parks. By the latter part of the nineteenth century, the East Bank could provide ample services to its residents. Fire protection on the East Bank continued to be a voluntary service after annexation in the 1860s, but as early as 1868, the Fourth Ward had its own company,. No. 3, located on N. Hill Street. By 1874, South Bend had raised funds to install a new water system, including a stand pipe, 33 Howard, p. 394-5, 480. 34 "Fish Studebaker Wedding Highlights Social Season", South Bend Tribune, June 17, 1887, quoted in Ault. • 35 Information collated from various Historic Sites and Structures Inventory Forms for properties in the historic districts of the East Bank. "r NH Farm 104064 OVd Amro W NQ 1076001/ c� United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet E 16 East Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph .County, Indiana new artesian wells and hydrants around the city. This provided adequate water pressure to all areas and led the way to a reorganization of men and materials. In 1886, the department became a professional one, with a central fire station and seven hose houses. By 1906, the East Bank was served by two new brick fire houses (No.s 3 and 7) both of which represented substantial investments by the city in services for the residents:36 Both of these buildings survive, although not as active fire stations. Churches and schools also served the East Bank population during this era. As previously mentioned, the Sunnyside Presbyterian Church in the East Washington Historic District, is an outstanding example. Serving the German population, many of whom were employed in the various industries, was the Zion Evangelical Church and School, a part of the Howard Park Historic District, and St. Joseph's School is an outstanding example of early twentieth century parochial schools in the East Bank neighborhood. During the first two decades of the twentieth century, South Bend, • like many other communities in the midwest, began to pay greater attention to the matter of the "city beautiful," a nationwide trend. In 1910, Rolland Adelsperger, Secretary of the South Bend Architectural Club commented in a regional architectural publication: "Yesterday, America was a country of cities in the making, .. whose every thought was of growth. Today it is a country of cities that have grown and acquired wealth and power. Like.the successful man who builds himself a new home, they are now seeking to order themselves with greater reference to beauty, comfort, convenience and health." 37 Adelsperger championed city planning, to systematize the work of beautifying the city and improving the ways it functioned. He anticipated the work of the noted Landscape Architect and Planner, George E. Kessler who was hired by the new South Bend Park Board sometime around 1910. The latter body had'been appointed with the express purpose of maintaining city parks and establishing a boulevard system. The ambitious plan which Kessler produced in 1912 recommended a number of new parks, and a series of parkways. South of the East Bank area he suggested a river parkway which would connect to Howard 36 Howard, pp. 379, 381. 37 Rolland Adelsperger, "South Bend -- Its Possibility", The Ohio Architect • and Builder, Vol XV, No. 5, May, 1910, Cleveland, Ohio: The Ohio Architect & Builder Company, p. 9 NAI FWM 10.000.4 (In United States Department of the Interior National Park Service OW AA--VVW 1*1 1024-01/ National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet E 17 East Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph . County, Indiana Park. Another recommendation concerned the development of St. Louis Boulevard, on the east side of the park. 38 Howard Park, nestled along the St. Joseph River between E. Jefferson and the Grand Trunk Railroad had started life as a mosquito -ridden marsh. In 1878, Timothy Howard, a historian and, at the time, a member of the city council, proposed the city use the site for dumping street and alley fill, with the idea of building up the grade and turning it into a public park. By 1879, title had been obtained and South Bend's first park under city control was established. Slowly, over the years, fill began to reclaim the site and additions of property to the east expanded its size. By 1891 a board of park commissioners was elected and by 1895, the park was named. Dumping ceased, a sea wall and concrete walk were installed along the river and final grading was undertaken. A "landscape artist", Mr. George G. Barker was engaged to lay out the park, and by 1899 all was ready for a grand dedication. 39 • Over the years, gifts of land, from Alexis Coquillard (nephew and namesake of the city's founder) and others expanded the park's boundaries. In 1902, John M. Studebaker gave two city lots and $2,000 with the proviso that the city would purchase additional lots to bring the boundary of the park to the alley west of St.'Louis Street and south of E. Jefferson. Four years later, Mr. Studebaker once again invested in the beautification of the East Bank when he donated an electric bronze fountain to the park.40 The park continued to be expanded to its present eastern boundary along St. Louis Boulevard, as Kessler and many others before him had suggested. Although it has undergone changes and lost its fountain, today the park is the cornerstone of the Howard Park Historic District. With the Jefferson Street Bridge, which is connected at the north, it provides a graceful and refreshing respite in the urban environment of the central East Bank. Architects and Builders of the East Bank The economic incentive provided by the great industrial activity of South Bend during its peak years stimulated building activity, in 38 "Plan for Greater Park System to Cost Thousands", South Bend Tribune, November 30, 1912, p. 15. " Howard, pp. 386-389. • 40 Ibid., pp. 389-391. NYt Form 104004 ("16) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service OW Afpvvrl *% 1024-M1) 10 National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet E 18 East Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph County, . Indiana particular from the 1880s until the dawn of the depression. This, in turn, provided opportunities for local architects and builders. For a town its size, South Bend has long enjoyed a tradition of excellence in architecture. Perhaps this was engendered through the influence of Notre Dame, where an association with architecture and the building arts dates to its earliest years. The work of many of the better known practitioners in South Bend can be found in the East Bank area and two of them are known to have resided within its boundaries. Charles A. Brehmer was one of the earliest professional architects to practice in South Bend and his home was once located in the uplands at the corner of South Bend and North Notre Dame Avenues. He is known for his designs of Victorian houses, such as the Maurice Egan house and for fire houses, being the designer of both of the fire houses located in the East Bank. He was born in Glencoe, Illinois and raised in Michigan. After graduation from the University of Notre Dame where he studied architecture and engineering, he worked as a draftsman for a time in Michigan, returning to South Bend to establish his own • practice in 1884. He died in 1909. Walter W. Schneider and Oscar Dirham were the designers of a distinctive home on East Jefferson Street in the Howard Park Historic District, as well as other important residences in South Bend and Mishawaka. Dirham was first an architect with a local lumber company, but -little is known of his education and training, He died in 1913. Schneider also designed a home at 1017 E. Jefferson, as well as churches in South Bend and elsewhere, in addition to the River Park Theatre and other buildings. He was born in Chattanooga, Tennessee, and attended Vanderbilt University. Following graduation he worked under Richard Schmidt in Chicago, moving to South Bend in 1896 where he formed a partnership with Oscar Dirham. After 1914, he operated. his own firm where a number of other South Bend architects trained as young men. He died in 1957. The firm of Freyermuth & Maurer designed many institutional buildings in South Bend, including City Hall and the North Pumping Station. George Freyermuth was born in Philadelphia, but moved to South Bend as a small child. He learned architecture from his father who was a building contractor. In the late 1890s, he joined R. Vernon Maurer in partnership. Maurer was a native of South Bend who attended high school in the local community and art at the Chicago Art Institute, after which he worked as a draftsman in Chicago until 1895. His partnership with Freyermuth continued until 1934, when the latter was elected mayor of South Bend. Maurer's son joined him following his • partner's election and the firm continued as Maurer & Maurer. George Freyermuth served as mayor from 1935 to 1938, later relocating to Not Fom 104064 OUB AAWVOI Nu 1071 -MIS United States Department of the interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet E 19 East Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph .County, Indiana Minnesota where he died in 1958. R. Vernon Maurer died in 1963 at the age of 88. Freyermuth and Maurer were the designers of the St. Joseph School and homes at 914 and 918 East Jefferson Street'in the Howard Park Historic District. Probably one of the most active and best.known of the local architects working in South Bend during the Industrial era was the firm of Austin & Shambleau. N. Roy Shambleau was born in Canada in 1888 and moved with his family to South Bend as a young man. He was briefly in business with other local architects before forming a partnership with Ennis Austin in 1912. Shambleau was known for his Prairie style houses, modeled after those of Frank Lloyd Wright. Two of these can be identified in the East Bank, one of which was his own home for a time (although its integrity has now been seriously compromised) -- the other is presently located at 1027 East Wayne Street in the Howard Park Historic District. Ennis R. Austin was born in Owasco, New York in 1863 and attended •Cornell University where he graduated in 1886 with a degree in architecture. His early experience was gained in New York and later with the Tiffany Glass & Decorating Company. He was in partnership with W. B. Parker from 1892 to 1900 when he took a job as superintendent of construction for the U.S. Treasury Deparment, working on projects in Indiana, Illinois and Michigan. After 1906 he returned to private practice, until 1909 when the firm of Austin & Shambleau was formed. He was a fellow of the American Institute of Architects. Buildings in the East Bank designed -by Austin include houses at 1013 E. Jefferson in the Howard Park Historic District and 1003 E. Washington in the East Washington Street Historic District. A few of the residences in the E. Washington Street and Howard Park, Historic Districts which were designed by Austin & Shambleau include those at 107 N. Eddy, 103 and 231 S. Eddy Street'and a 812 and 904 East Jefferson. The firm was also responsible for many period revival buildings as well as commercial buildings and schools. Ennis Austin died in 1951 and N. Roy Shambleau in 1975. 41 Martin Hoban was a local contractor who gained fame through his construction of local streets as well as through his political activities and other projects. He was a prominent resident of the East Bank, with a stately home on East Colfax which is an outstanding 41 All of the historical and biographical information about local architects • is from City of South Bend Summary Report, 1982 and City of South Bend Summary Report, 1993. HPI Foran 104064 (646) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet (" AA--VVW Ha 1614-M fit E 20 East Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph County, Indiana example of the builders' art. Other local builders who worked in the East Bank area include Louis A. Hickey Co. who built the Mabel Holden House on North Notre Dame Avenue, Thomas L. Hickey, the contractor for the St. Joseph School and the H. G. Christman Company who were responsible for the twentieth century construction of the I & M Electric Company buildings. 42 The Later Years In general, the East Bank followed the same trends that effected all of South Bend during the middle years of the new century. Between the World Wars, South Bend found itself meeting new challenges. After World War I, prosperity seemed to return to the country, and many businesses, like the Stephenson Underwear Mills, for example, thought it a good time to expand. But within a year of the 1929 crash, effects were felt in the river town and by 1933 South Bend was in serious economic straits with thousands of factory workers unemployed. Many businesses and industries suffered. During the 1930s several W.P.A. projects were operating in the area, providing relief and public improvements, including work along the banks of the river, street repairs and park construction, such as the amphitheater and seawall along the river west of Northside Drive and just south of the East Bank area. 43 World War II and the post-war boom once again brought production and prosperity to the community. During this era as many as 195 factories were operating and almost one out of every three.persons in South Bend earned their living through local industries. The city was one of the best paid labor markets in the country. But the growth could not be sustained. By the mid-to-late 1960s, local industrial giants began to close down. The cessation of work at the famed Studebaker plant marked the decline of the industrial era in South Bend and the East Bank. 44 As related earlier, South Bend continued to be known as one of the most active industrial cities for its size in the midwest, until the late part of this century. Like so many towns in the midwestern "Rust Belt", the transition from heavy industry to service and other 42 Howard, pp. 370, 511; Indiana Historic Sites and Structures Inventory Survey Forms for various buildings in the East Bank. . 43 City of South Bend Summary Report, pp. 43-45; Survey Form, WPA Project. " City of South Bend Summary Report, p. 45. ' NF1 Form 104064 CUB Amovel Na 1011.001/ W" • United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet E 21 East Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph County, Indiana businesses atter World War II was not easy. Today, the local universities, Notre Dame and several others, are the city's largest employers. Now, nearing the millenium, the city is struggling to regain its economic muscle, like so many other mid-size and small communities in the midwest. But it is doing so with a mixed bag of strategies, including the adaptive use of some of the historic fabric of its memorable industrial past. Old factories serve as hotels, restaurants, and offices; specialty stores are housed in dignified residences and stately mansions are open to the public. 45 City of South Bend Interim Report, p. 45. N!•1 Fmn 10-000• CLO AAwrl Ha 1074.001! cL-+� United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet F. 22 E. Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph county, Indiana F. Associated Property Types Industrial Buildings in the East Bank 1867 - 1947 Description The industrial buildings considered within this property type include -the sturdy steel, brick and concrete structureswhich were built within the geographical boundaries of the East Bank Multiple Property. Listing during the Industrial Era of its development. These.buildings are most likely to be located within the core of the district, on or near the east race, the St. Joseph River and at the site of the various subsidiary flumes which once served local industrial .needs. The buildings are of typical functional design, constructed in the style of factory buildings during the late nineteenth.and early twentieth centuries. They are primarily two.and three story brick structures, often with metal casement windows and heavy wood personnel • or loading doors. The earliest extant examples of this property type dates to the 1860s and the latest to the 1940s: Typical features of these structures include corbelling at cornersi- around.windows'and/or cornice areas, flat roofs, square stair, fire'`and°chimney towers.. In general, they demonstrate large, rectangular massing,. a minimum of ornament and detail and sturdy, fireproof or:retardant construction. The -earlier examples are often have brick or'stone foundations, and brick walls, segmental arched windows and doors with stone sills. Interior finishings are minimal. Later examples.are often of reinforced concrete construction, with brick and stone facing and trim materials. Significance The Industrial buildings of the East Bank are the quintessential examples of the location and genesis of -the Industrial development of the East Bank. Most are significant under*Criteria A, and relate to the historic theme of South Bend's era of Industrial development; as it was experienced in this geographic section of the community. Industrial buildings of the East Bank were erected between 1868 and 1947 in areas near the source of river power, and later, railroad lines were established in or near these facilities. Unlike similar buildings on the west side of the river, which relocated away from the river when steam -powered electrical energy came in use, East Bank industrial operations tended to.be more static, adapting to new technologies at their traditional locations. Other factors which influenced the development of these industries on the East Bank included the -presence of a strong agricultural region surrounding --the r United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet OW AXMYd N& ID24=11 F. 23 E. Bank Multiple Property Listing Sectlon number Page St. Joseph .County,.Indiana'l town (especially during the early part of the era), the availability of.local hardwood timber, as well as a skilled, diligent workforce. The latter were often German, Irish, Polish or'other European immigrants who gladly worked the long hours and endured difficult conditions to improve their life in a'new land. Most of the buildings will be -significant on the local level, however, a few, may attain significance on a regional -or national level. -The . industrial development on the'East Bank was enhanced and encouraged by the presence of world renown industries on the west side of South Bend. Later entrepreneurs like the O'Brien brothers who founded the South Bend Lathe Company also achieved national prominence. Finally, with the presence of adequate railroad transportation, the industries of the East Bank had ready access to the giant Chicago hub, just a short train ride to the north, enhancing the regional aspects of their efforts. Some of the industrial buildings in the East Bank may qualify -.under Criterion C, based on the design qualities of their construction.- Reaistration Reauirements These buildings are of primarily traditional design, or utile in nature, as such, concern for architectural style is not the primary consideration. Nonetheless, several of the later. -examples may demonstrate, ina restricted manner, detailing in -the the Neo-classical, Italianate, craftsman or eclectic revival styles, Where such -stylistic elements are present they should demonstrate a degree of integrity. The structures and complexes of this building type will generally meet registration requirements because of the way they demonstrate the relationship between building design and function. Thus, visible..:, interior steel or timber bracing which -was was intended to support heavy machinery may enhance the significance of design; while the relationship between,various structures.in a complex, because it demonstrates the way they functioned, will enhance the setting and associational qualities. Because of the large size and the temporary nature of many early outbuildings, few industrial complexes retain all of their subsidiary structures. In general these buildings will meet registration requirements if they retain at least one key element in its original location, evidence of original workmanship materials and feeling. Buildings within a district, may retain slightly less integrity than those individually entered. In the former case, the associative characteristics will determine their registration requirements. ( Fo n,a000. anAAw%+rfu 1024aWu United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet F. 24 E. Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph .County, . Indiana Industrial Era Public Buildings, Sites and Structures in the East Bank DescriDtion- This property type includes a variety of.types of resources which -are associated with the infrastructure, amenities and public services of the East Bank during the Industrial Era. This includes structures such as bridges, roads and streets, which are associated with important transportation links, especially those which enhanced communication between the east and the west banks of the St. Joseph River and which enabled goods to be transported to markets. Railroad related resources are also included. 3 Sites in this category include Landscape'Architectural resources such as parks, parkways, boulevards, gardens, walks as well as land forms. Public buildings include those dedicated to.community services, such as fire houses, and other municipally managed elements. • Sianificance The resources in this property type can be associated with Industrial Era development in the east bank, because they provided the amenities, infrastructure, and transportation links across the St. Joseph River which were so essential for the growth and prosperity of the geographic area. They achieve significance under areas of transportation, landscape architecture, architecture, and engineering. All streets, bridges and parks in the East Bank have local significance and most qualify under Criteria A, although several have engineering and/or landscape architectural design qualities which apply to Criteria C. Two bridges fall into this category, in particular because of the use of the Melan arch technique and aesthetic elements in their design which were recognized in their own era, and are reasonably well-known today. *The work of the planner/landscape architect, George Kessler in South Bend has some relationship to resources in the area, although examples are limited. Significant as transportation resources are the twentieth century reinforced concrete bridges and the railroad bridge, all of which provide access, to markets and to other areas of the city. These are also significant as examples of masterful engineering design and because they demonstrate unique applications of early twentieth century techniques and principals. Howard -Park is significant on the • local level for its association with amenities necessary for the growth and development of the area, for its ties to the City Beautiful OAAS AMMW Ak-x 1024-M 18 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet F. 25 E. Bank Multiple Property.Listing Section number Page St. Joseph County, Indiana movement. Public buildings, such as the fire houses which are present, are significant under Criteria A, at the local level for the association with the important and necessary fire protection services which enhanced both industrial and the related.residential development in the East Bank area. Such services were proudly acclaimed by entrepreneurs and citizens 'alike as an asset to growth. In addition, these buildings, which were architect designed in later years and which often demonstrated high qualities of workmanship and materials achieve significance in the area of architecture and can be associated with locally significant architects. Reaistration Reauirements In general, public transportation -related resources will meet registration requirements under Criteria A if the majority of their fabric is intact. Changes which may have occurred, such as curb and gutter renovations, rail and lighting modifications, or surface applications which do not destroy or completely obscure the basic structure and its key defining elements will not compromise their potential. Those which also meet requirements under Criteria C will demonstrate a higher degree of design embellishment and concern. These may, understandably have experienced deterioration from the elements, and from lack of restorative care, . however, they will meet the requirements if they have retained their location, setting, materials, design and feeling. Those resources which will qualify under this property type must have been used to transport goods and people across the river, or enhance such transportation between the area and South Bend, as well as regional centers such as Chicago. Landscape Architectural resources in this property type will generally qualify under Criteria A and should retain their basic location and setting, although, because of the fragile and dynamic nature of living material, integrity of materials and workmanship will*be less important. Associative qualities in relation to individuals of local or greater significance will enhance the registration potential in this regard. These resources which fall under the category of sites, may be considered in the light of the continuity of'their significance. If a park or other site, planned and designed for public use, demonstrates a continued evolution of that use, with elements of the characteristics which initially were present, its registration qualification should not be impaired. NPI Fan" 160064 ("q CLAS kprovaf Na M24-WIS United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet F. 26 E. Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph County, Indiana Public buildings which are present in the East Bank area and which are part of this property type, will usually qualify under Criteria A and C. Invariably, community resources were expended in greater quantity to achieve an appearance of solidity and quality. In this case, these will demonstrate both associative qualities, with the services being provided to enhance the industrial life and development of the region, as well as integrity of setting, design, and feeling. The buildings are locally significant and fall under the architectural area of significance. These buildings can also be associated with the work of a local master, thus enhancing their registration potential.. The matter of integrity may arise in the case of such buildings, since in the case of examples on the East Bank, they are adaptively used in the present era. In such instances, they will retain their registration capabilities, because they represent evidence of past techniques of managing men and equipment for the needs of the public, technologies which have been replaced by more modern methods. Therefore, if key elements which help elucidate these early technologies are recognizable, such as enlarged doors for equipment, hose drying towers, etc., some adaptive use modifications or temporary applications (moderate use of siding in eaves, for example) will not jeopardize their registration potential. Buildings, sites and structures which fall within an Historic District may only demonstrate a few of the qualities for registration, nonetheless, the overall qualities of the district will override these considerations. Late Nineteenth and early Twentieth Century Vernacular Commercial and Residential Buildings Descrir)tion This building type include homes and commercial structures of a variety of building materials, including brick, wood, stone and cast block of various types. Because the context of this multiple property listing relies heavily on associative factors connected with the industrial development of a small urban area, mixed development is consistent and typical. Thus, commercial use of structures will be mixed with residential and vice versa. This property type includes residences which can be categorized as including the following building forms: Upright and Wing, Gabled Ell, Gable Front, T -plan, Cross -plan, Shotgun, American Foursquare, Pyramid and other cottages. Commercial structures will fall into the category NPI forth 10400- ("q United States Department of the Interior National Park Service OYS AMMvef Na 1024-0011 National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet F. 27 E. Bank Multiple Property Listing Sectlon number Page st . Joseph county, Indiana of twentieth century functional construction and design for the most part. In both commercial and residential buildings, elements of stylistic detailing or features may be found in some examples, such as Italianate cornices, Folk Victorian spindlework or Craftsman brackets. A wide variety of such resources are found in the East Bank area, including many modest structures clustered in historic districts. Sianificance The East Bank residents and owners of these buildings were workers, foremen and their families as well as purveyors of products and services required by them. The resources achieve significance for their association with the industries which were the generating forces of residential and commercial development in the many neighborhoods which sprung up around the industrial core. At one time, one out of three of South Bend's residents was employed in the many industries for which it was renown. The East Bank contains a wide variety of neighborhood areas, and many of these were populated by the blue • collar and middle level management that kept the fires of industry burning. At first, proximity to the workplace was distinctly important. Later, as transportation facilities improved, workers stayed in the area, even though the plant may have relocated. All of the properties in this building type are significant on the local level. Many achieve significance in the areas of commerce, or industry. The former because they may have served a retail purpose or their owners were associated with retail activities, the second because of the employment of residents and owners who may have moved to the area. A few, which are good examples of a particular type and which retain excellent integrity may also qualify under category of architecture. Reaistration Reauirements Vernacular buildings recognized in this property type will not necessarily exhibit many stylistic elements and their registration potential will rely more heavily concerns of form, feeling and association. where excellent original fabric, massing and detail has been retained, the registration potential will be enhanced. Nonetheless, buildings which demonstrate one of the various forms common to the vernacular vocabulary and which have at least this form, with some recognizable elements.of original detailing present will be considered, especially if they are located within one of the historic • district. Individual buildings will be expected to more distinctly demonstrate their particular vernacular form, and to have a NPI form 104004 I5 -M United States Department of the Interior National Park Service MW AxfovW Nn 1024-0011 National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet F. 28 E. Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph County, Indiana considerably higher degree of integrity. Romantic and Victorian Era Buildings Description This property type includes residential,.commercial and institutional buildings in the East Bank from a wide variety of eras. Frame and masonry examples are equally present and the types of buildings may vary from a stately brick church to a Queen Anne residence or an Italianate commercial storefront. Most of the buildings in this type are residential structures, located within historic districts and demonstrating all or most of the qualities of the styles discussed below. The architectural styles which may be found in the resources of the East Bank area and which fall under the property type of Romantic and Victorian era resources include Gothic Revival, Greek Revival and • Italianate, Stick style, Second Empire, Queen Anne, Shingle and Romanesque styles. In the Romantic era styles, the Gothic Revival examples are almost exclusively institutional buildings such as churches. Greek Revival is also sparsely reflected, while some Italianate buildings are present, and occasional Italianate detailing can be found. The overwhelming number of resources fall within the Queen Anne and related styles. These include modest, ell plan structures with only a modicum of detailing and elaborate high -style versions with a variety of material and the typical asymmetrical plan and massing which denotes the style. Stick style examples are present, but tend to be somewhat modest examples. Romanesque styles are represented by institutional buildings for the most part. Sianificance The resources of this property type are significant for their association with the broad context of the Industrial development of the area; under Criteria A and often for Criteria C. The residences, churches, business and church schools which proliferated on the East Bank in response to the growth of industry were generally built during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century when the Romantic and Victorian styles were extremely popular. All of the examples can be said to achieve this significance on a local level. Although many of the examples of these styles are extremely modest, the collection can be said to achieve significance by association with • the patterns of community development which they demonstrate. The increased use of stylistic ornamentation of the houses of this H►s FWM 10-000.4 ("q ous AMyoyd Na 10240-018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet F. 29 E. Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph County, Indiana property type is evidence of the increased prosperity of the area and the desire to ornament these buildings above the merely utile. Neighborhoods were achieving distinctive character, through the streets, walks and alleys which were installed at the turn of the century. Homeowners and proprietors took great pride in their buildings, advertising their achievements through external demonstrations. Thus, the prevalence of stylistic homes and other buildings during this time also represents a recognized general trend in the evolution of architectural history. Unlike the vernacular properties, many of these homes were owned by managers, investors and other, non -laborers of the East Bank.' Some resources within this property type also achieve significance with in related areas, such as commerce, education, and industry.. Reaistration Reauirements As previously mentioned, a considerable number of resources in this • property type are located within historic districts, where the clustering of a group of similar resources and the related commercial and institutional buildings, sites and structures which defined the neighborhood creates the environment for registration potential. As such, examples of the styles mentioned above which fall in these areas may retain only a few of the typical characteristics which define the style. The typical forms and massing are often present, while some detailing may be lost, and others are present but temporarily obscured. Individual examples of these styles are rare, and to demonstrate their stylistic integrity, they must meet more rigorous standards. One such example is the Martin Hoban House which easily demonstrates the vigor of the Queen Anne style. Other examples of resources which meet the registration requirements may not exhibit as high a degree of integrity, but will qualify for their association with areas of significance such as commerce or industry and/or associative qualities. The East Bank area is a small, urban center, whose primary significance lies in its demonstration of community development related to a specific industrial phenomenon. The degree of high - style examples of these architectural styles is small, and thus registration requirements will rely on association to some degree. . Eclectic Period Buildings Description NF1 Form 10- dtl AA"VW Ma 10244M I$ United States Department of the interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet F. 30 E. Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph County, Indiana Also present in the East Bank in good numbers are residences and institutional buildings which fall into the stylistic category of the Eclectic Period. Since these buildings were constructed, for the most part, at or after the turn of the century, it is not surprising that some of these styles are quite prominent in the area. Included in this property type are the Colonial Revival, Classical and Neo - Classical Revival, Tudor Revival, Beaux Arts, Prairie, Craftsman, Late Gothic Revival/Collegiate Gothic, and International styles. Of these, the overwhelming majority are Craftsman or Craftsman influence, with a few good Prairie examples. Colonial Revival, the Classical Revivals and Tudor Revival are also well represented. There is at least one institutional example of Collegiate Gothic style. The International style examples are invariably too recent to qualify. Materials are wide ranging, with brick and stone trim being common and several houses of stucco finish. Wood and brick houses in the craftsman mode may have cobblestone features as well. Most of the examples will be located in the two residential districts, with trees, • wide sidewalks, brick streets, and residential planting to enhance the ambience. Significance These buildings, like those of other property types are related to the historic context for the entire area. They were the manifest examples of the continuing upward efforts of the industry -inspired East Bank. For the most part, the buildings which come within this type gain significance in relationship to the upwardly mobile population of the area. This is especially true of those which are architect -designed. They will generally gain significance under Criteria A and/or Criteria C. A few outstanding examples will be highly significant under Criteria C as the work of a master. Seven locally and regionally significant architects can be identified with properties in the East Bank, more may be identified at a later date. Invariably, the architect designed houses will come within the eclectic period property type. Areas of significance include architecture for the majority, with a few also including education and industry. The properties are significant on the local level, although a few may be considered regionally significant. Registration Reauirements • The more sophisticated urban residences and institutional buildings, reflect the high quality which was sought by the wealthier residents. NPI OLA AAWVW Ha M24 -W11 c6-" United States Department of the Interior National Park Service 10 National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet F. 31 E. Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph County, Indiana These examples will demonstrate integrity of design, materials and workmanship to a high degree and benefit from the association with the regionally known architects who were responsible for them. Also within this property type are more modest buildings, many of craftsman and the various revival styles, which were the homes of less notable personages. These too, however may meet the registration requirements, with less degree of design and materials integrity, when they are located within an historic district (as is the case for the majority.) Like the Romantic and Victorian Period buildings, they manifest influences of the era in which they were constructed when clustered in neighborhood groups. • 0 • 0 NCI Form 104064 (1-" OLID AAov+l Nm 1014-0011 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet G. 32 E. Bank Multiple Property Listing Section number Page St. Joseph County, Indiana G. Geographical Data Within the corporate limits of the City of South Bend, Portage Township, St. Joseph County, Indiana, the geographical area is located east of the river and west of Eddy Street. The northern boundary is the south side of Napoleon Street between Eddy Street on the east and the alley west of Lawrence Street on the west; the western boundary encompasses this same alley, between Napoleon Street and Corby Boulevard to the south, where it turns west along the south side of Corby Boulevard to the east bank of the St. Joseph River and continues south until the intersection of South Eddy Street, Northside Boulevard and the north side of the ramp to the Cooper Bridge; the southern boundary is along the north side of the short portion of South Eddy Street, as it angles in a northeasterly direction from the east side of said bridge, to the point where it turns due north; the east boundary of the geographical area is the west side of South and North Eddy Street from this point to the south side of Napoleon Street. There are three exceptions to the western boundary, these being the LaSalle Street, Jefferson Street and Grand Trunk Railroad bridges which cross the St. Joseph River within the East Bank area. In each case, the boundary encompasses all abutments, piers and the entire length of the bridge. NPI Fore lc -0o ("q United States Department of the interior National Park Service pudAAmWMa IU4-MIS 10 National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number H Page 33 E. Bank Multiple Property Listing St. Joseph County, Indiana H..Summary of Identification and Evaluation Methods The multiple property listing of historic and architectural resources in the East Bank area of South Bend is based on the South Bend Historic Sites and Structures Inventory, completed in 1981 with an update in 1988, although work was conducted on this effort over a period of more than a decade. After an initial pilot project conducted by the architectural firm of Hurtt-Kendrich & Associates, the South Bend/St. Joseph County Historic Preservation staff surveyed the town, in six phases, completing a publication of the results in 1993. The inventory was conducted under the auspices of the Division of Historic Preservation and Archaeology, Indiana Department of Natural Resources. Every street in the City was reviewed and properties identified which as being eligible for inclusion, based on the National Register Criteria for Evaluation. Resources were rated as Outstanding (0/13), Significant (S/12, S/11), Contributing (C/9, C/10) or Non -Contributing (NIC). As a result of the survey, 5,921 • sites and structures were entered into the final inventory. The South Bend/St. Joseph County Historic Preservation Commission recommended the general geographic boundaries of the multiple property listing, based on their research and the results of the survey. In addition, an initial suggestion for properties to be included was made, based on those which ranked in the two highest categories of the initial survey. Further, initial parameters for the East Washington Street Historic District and for, the Howard Park. Historic District were suggested, following recommendations in the original survey. After review of the survey forms and a brief survey of the properties and districts identified in the East Bank area, these consultants made recommendations to the Historic Preservation Commission staff for changes to the historic districts and to the individually listed resources. Some of the originally highly rated resources had been changed or demolished, for example. Following this, an on-site visit was madeby the staff of the Division of Historic Preservation & Archaeology to review these recommendations and further refine the content of the multiple property listing area. The two historic districts were refined, reflecting suggestions made during this visit and a third district, the Singer Mfg./ So. Bend Lathe Co. Historic District was defined. The individually listed resources were selected, based upon their registration potential as individual properties. The properties finally selected to be included needed to meet a reasonably high standard of integrity, and to be able to •qualify under the Criteria, although their relationship to the historic context was also taken into account as well as their rarity. NPI Fort++ 10400-. ONS Aavov*1 No. 1071-001/ ("q United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number H Page 34 E. Bank Multiple Property Listing St. Joseyh County_. Tndi ans The present consultants developed the historic context, completing local research as well as relying upon the extensive research conducted by the survey teams over the years. The single context for the multiple property listing, Industrial Era Development in the East Bank, 1867 - 1947, was defined to include the broad scope of community development that occurred in this specific geographic area of South Bend. In addition, the associations with industry which were strong for the community as a whole, could be seen to have special applications in the East Bank area as well and secondary effects of this broad historical trend affected a wide range of community activities and services. Property types have been arranged chronologically and by function. is 0 • • C, NF1 Form 10-00C,4 ("fl United States Department of the Interior National Park Service oue AXpvwf Na 1074,X18 National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number T Page E. Bank Multiple Property Listing C+- Tnceaph Cnlin� +-r� TnAi mnn I. Bibliography Rolland Adelsperger, "South Bend -- Its Possibility", The Ohio Architect and Builder, Vol XV, No. 5, May, 1910, Cleveland, Ohio: The Ohio Architect & Builder Company Ault, Phillip H. South Bend Remembers. Decatur, Illinois: Spectator Books, 1977. Bartholomew, Harland. Major Street Report for South Bend, Indiana. St. Louis, Missouri: Harland Bartholomew, City Plan Engineer, Consultant, 1924. Blumenson, John J. -G. Identifying American Architecture, A Pictorial Guide to Styles and TErms, 1600-1945. Nashville, TN: AASLH, 1977. Chapman, Charles C. & Co. History of St. Joseph County, Indiana.... Chicago: Charles C. Chapman & Co., 1880. City of South Bend Summary Report, Indiana Historic Sites and Structures Inventory. Indianapolis, Indiana: DNR/ Division of Historic Preservation & Archaeology, 1993. Dales, Elizabeth and Edsall, Katherine. A Brief History of South Bend, 1820-1969. South Bend, Indiana: South Bend Public Library & South Ben Community School Corp, 1970. Gwilt, Joseph. The Encyclopedia of Architecture, Historical, Theoretical, and Practical. Orig. Pub. London: Longmans, Green, 1867. Reprint New York: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1982. D.A.R., Schuyler Colfax Chapter. Historic Background of South Bend and St. Joseph in Northern Indiana. South Bend: D.A.R., 1927. Detzler, Jack J. South Bend, 1900 - 1910, The Awakening of a Small Town. South Bend, Indiana: Northern Indiana Historical Society, 1959. Higgens Belden & Co. An Illustrated Historical Atlas of St. Joseph Co., Indiana.... Chicago: Higgens Belden & Co., 1875. Howard, Timothy Edward. A History of St. Joseph County, Indiana, Vol. I & II. Chicago/New York: Lewis Publishing Co., 1907. McAlester, Virginia and Lee. A Field Guide to American Houses. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1992. NPI Form 104064 ("e) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service 0.0 AAWvd No. 1074-01, National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number T Page�r, E. Bank Multiple Property Listing Cf- Tngi-vh f n»nttr• Tndi nnn McVicker, J.J. Pictorial Souvenir of South Bend, 1919. Chicago: J. J. McVicker, 1919. Parish, W. H. Publishing Co. Art Work of South Bend & Vicinity. Chicago: W. H. Parish Publishing Co., 1894. Schlereth, Thomas J. The University of Notre Dame, A Portrait of Its History and Campus. Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press, 1976. Whiffen, Marcus. American Architecture Since 1780: A Guide to the Styles. Cambridge: M.I.T. Press, 1988. Young, C., Ed. South Bend World Famed, 1922. Evansville Indiana (reprint): Unigraphic, Inc., • Other Sources Sanborn Insurance Maps for the City of South Bend: On microfilm in the collection of the South Bend Public Library. Various articles in the South Bend Tribune Indiana Historic Sites and Structures Inventory, survey forms dating from approximately 1977 to 1988 and completed by many different surveyors. The program was under the surpervision of the Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Historic Presevation and Archaeology and their headquarters, in Indianapolis, is the primary location of the original survey forms, photographs and maps. 11 N" Form 140064 ("q United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number r Page u Addendum OW AAWV l Nn M24-Wl♦ E. Bank Multiple Property.Listing St. Joseph Couni-v . TrAiDnn Key to Individual National Register Properties (as shown on general map) A. Maurice Egan House B. Mabel Holden House C. Fire House No. 7 D. LaSalle Street Bridge E. W.N. Bergan/J.C. Lauber Building F. I & M Electric Company Buildings • G. Stephenson Underwear Mills H. Fire House No. 3 I. Dilly/Probst House J. McCormick Building K. St. Joseph School L. Martin Hoban House M. Sommerer House 0 NORTH SINGER VFG-/SOUTH BEND LATHE CO. HISTORIC DISTRICT semaps ached E I EAST WASHINGTON STFWt 1` HISTORIC DISTRICT see mapattached HISTORIC DISTRICT see map attached SOUTH BENDJNDIANA f-1-1 Q—A ElmtNI 3 B ST. viwo9w, WA Hl pz� ii HOWARD r=-�� j _�_� � BLVO. COROT CAVPtAV KALONAbi ST. 6 Avg. Mjvtok LH -L-L JiL MCK W%AY - * PREVIOUSLY LISTED ON THE NATIONAL REGISTER Prepared by: THE WESTERLY GROUP, I E E .rtJ1� MUI-t_c 2 ?� �' ' _, -• :� ,' ;y'.; j r, } I i 5 h' --)T It _° s $)t h y = 4 4 Fite 7• g '�7 j y., i r 41, 46t9 : } satin::�4) •� 1 • 1 12 a o'a 1 i � - II 11, •" f Mr�rJe+c EGA..I I40U!>G— 4618`_ _ -_ ' -- � C an t � , t)r tlo. 43o.,qto/sy4o f _As •I - f� � 740 _.� •� es ii ••'RROat�_ 4 - 50 td mmunit 1 / I JOSC ILS C 1' t / ,1\ • �� =1 Q• L�ttle Ft w rD •• _ Q. C ry . Flo-Lalcep- Pig oWVT• • 4617 _ ] j L JaiLA 2 i caSt%A art! ' }' `y.i C,� r A � 1 MM ' .=1- e Mi 4ous E. 3 6 M 1 \ • -.HE jx'f 1� a f e \ n c ()RR "RD it i BM 1 C:Id� z J "'� -� + Goli N n �CJ_, n I \ ♦ L ` ROSE + . 23� 0 f ay ne UNI RSIT" O_ - OTRE DA E �5tadw I r,(•._ TY _ • r • I a� 4616 is t T. N r _^ �— 11M Iis .r ,SINGE. e- Mi~G/6a E N EGa, _ e�iar rQv � fi/ - - 4. ,,Q7 �I? N i<e 1 111'�TC>rZAC- Tl 'S l A G A T - t S(.27 �'3. �/•• i"I b..O 1r \\ t•,662BJO •'ri�al� io tS eL � v •� /. �\\ �:I� �� r 'a I1,, 562870. H b ► � � r /.LE Z Q l i -)WAR 7 ST _. .- / .� n LLUISOCph1 lu Rtel IV �� _ 7C LA'`,' [E..LLE -ST"2 r_- e Z W ~~ ` i Pla grb ndCORBv js7 cYb UL__ 5432. =i5(�. M� I M, 'A�U;.;l� Sr' ;� l O_ 410 104 2 O J Res 'hJ .'1 � ,� F-• �Coquillard Pk I _ o ' 2,}Ito.SbZ 580 • L per a .4 l0 1 4 2 1 6 pllU ¢ { •4 `1ji l,5 '. S RIN IL BAOER `4� AVE �\ C- U Jo e �4/17 M6Ps P rk h I�7<eO.*u v F.i r� \._ ■ ■ i 725 M .�CC AKIN i5-LU745 ch461,2. ool b1 Ito, 5b2+ .i , a < '•1 '� M t' LFA oiC-Pr�F1J�N uNoewEr>e w'4 I a ; ' �_ ._� }. rl C p._s C �'`"•��"""`_� h ter, -�.-? a>ON Sr c SON �^" . •� '�•.... W \ �M' - t-}t7t�•� �a. � � -- ��� S � �(♦BLVD �O pit3l� (,5000.y6144 ilia U Jr�� E" jL N VMEPE _ U ►�t AVE St An hon s t DiL,L�( 'PfLaBST HCIUSF- - wThnmaa3 f(erson !- -'-- _pu 1J4rT'L, REfo>•"b•l"Ee,� SchV MGLorrratuc. L.I7G llC�•�� s NO tto• S{,3ort>.-e4c-1.404 �� j .fir°vE HOOVER a p�la'Wat Lil OT. 3CYO !E- F" r ( r john)ima i i to . r fo =3 C7 to O 4 to 1 (4 140 40' I� 7 � I • � Ip A �? 33 A 7/3 2 /< - LvJ n lin• 5G.3 13o. oa oN> �;. '•.. p i z i O z �'iC a Intli s nry t T % l 6M ' . � •A �, ti \ -�Sout a C, mpu )i(.. 5tA3tv0 •blot 4 Ob 1 I{a. S(o3�jt:na•-4C�l�! Car70 --� 1� z �r �'Oo � `e4v �� Vetera_`ri5y« - _ ; Co - i Parti/ ~� h'jll�i_ �`�lio.5(e�a(ofJ'C)•s}13�a..., .,> E-� o Memol'al , 16. S 3 t t a. �i� i 3 8 o F: -' �y680 rf la s i Park XF, } , k ';;1 �)" 2 7z5� ft ;ttt7A2'�,: i Nb NA ,R61>2'7GDt• 4(c 59So I 1 13 t �� r $ \ •.i:� /J a tta•5+a' to too 4}(a t3 g 4G0 ' � - 3563GLnU�, s�618yS�90 I cu cfaker r �� wm '1 ..4 1 • Z 1 CJr+ • 't .J �f O ✓r N $Ch •.raf .t -��. ,. .. _..� -1 tot 7Q .Fire 5ta I I 2 ' 76 ncoln I _ r j r; I(o (el6'.44 1-z,t_t 1 0 1 bO A li I2 A I bo srla 1 ; z »i I ♦ Jj 'O 4 ' I Q O � er ..I ; _ , p � > 2 II I7 w� 7 4 {7y�YW 1 ' _..f' .---''"rte J . NATIONAL REGISTER NOMINATION STAFF REPORT PROPERTY -- Leeper Park Historic District South Bend, Indiana OWNER -- City of South Bend - Department of Parks & Recreation STANDARDS The nomination proposes placement of this district on the National Register of Historic Places based on Criterion C: Design/Construction. National Register Bulletin 15 - How to Apply the National. Register Criteria for Evaluation provides in Criterion C that "Properties can be eligible for the National Register of Historic Places if they embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or that represent the work of a master , or that possess high artistic values, or that represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction." RECOMMENDATION The Staff of the HPC recommends in favor of the nomination of the Leeper Park Historic District roughly located on the south and west banks of the St. • Joseph River east of Chapin Park and north of Bartlett St. in the city 'of South Bend to the National Register of Historic Places. The district meets Criteria C as a result of a succession of self conscious planning exercises toward achieving the goals of urban hygiene and recreation consistent with the body of planning ideology prevailing during the last quarter of the Nineteenth Century and the first quarter of the Twentieth Century and as espoused and practiced by Frederick Law Olmstead and George Kessler respectively. As described in the Statement of Significance section of the nomination began development. as a wellfield for the city of South Bend during the mid -Nineteen -nineties. It was the first site of the South Bend Zoo which is the oldest such institution in the state. The park plan developed first under the guidance of Herman Beyer. In 1912, the City of South Bend engaged George Kessler to provide design services for a park -boulevard system including development of Leeper. Park. After his death in 1924, the park continued development according to his plans until World War II including considerable execution by workers for the Works Progress Administration. Though somewhat altered, the park has retained its basic distribution of functions, topography, and ornamental character. It has likewise retained it perimeters and the majority of its buildings from the Kessler period. It is the opinion of HPC Staff that this district meets the criteria for eligibility for the National Register of Historic Places. Staff recommends that the commission send a favorable ruling to the Mayor of South Bend and to • the State Historic Preservation Office. DBD Director 10/14/97 NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 100240018 (Oct. 1990) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties of districts. See instructions in How to Complete the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form (National Registration Bufletin 16A). Complete each item by marking "X" in the appropriate box or by entering the information requested. If an item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. Place additional entries and narrative items on continuation sheets (NPS Form 10-900a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer, to complete all items. 1. Name of Prooertv historic name: Leeper Park (Historic District) other names/site number: N/A ;2. Location street & number: Bounded by Bartlett St., Michigan Street, Park Lane, Lafayette Blvd. , East line of properties to the west of Park Ave., and the St. Joseph River. Approximately 25 acres. city or town: South Bend state: Indiana code: IN county: St. Joseph code: 141 zip code: 46601 3. State/Federal Aaencv Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this _nomination _request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property _ meets _does not meet the National Register criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant _nationally _statewide _locally (_See continuation sheet for additional comments.) Signature of certifying official/Title State of Federal agency and bureau Date In my opinion, the property _meets _does not meet the National Register criteria (_See continuation sheet for additional comments.) Signature of certifying officialf ritle State or Federal agency and bureau 4. National Park Service Certification I hereby certify that the property is: _entered in the National Register _See continuation sheet _determined not eligible for the National Register _removed from the National Register _other, (explain:) 0 Signature of the Keeper Date Date of Action Name of Property: L eTcr Park Historic Distrid County and State SL Joscph/Indiana 405. Classification Ownership of Property Category of property Number of Resources within Property _private _building Contributing Noncontributing X public -local X district 5 1 buildings 0 Sites _public -state _site 9 2 Structures 1 Objects _public -federal _structure _object Name of Related multiple property listing (enter `N/A' if property is not part of multiple property listing) NA 6. Function or Use Historic Functions Recreation and Culture Outdoor Recreation: Park • 7. Descriotion Architectural Classification Landscape Architectural Classification: Late Victorian: Romantic or Pastoral Style Late 19th and 20th Century Revival: City Beautiful 0 15 3 Total Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register* 1:North Pumping Station (1912), listed -1996. *Portion of district overlaps with Chapin Park Historic District boundaries, previously listed. Current Functions Recreation and Culture Outdoor Recreation: Park Materials Landforms,Vegetation, Concrete Driveways, Concrete and Stone Retaining Walls. Narrative Description Describe the historic and current condition of the property on one or mor continuation sheets Name of Property: Leeper Park Historic District 8. Statement of Sianificance Applicable National Register Criteria • _A Property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. _B Property is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past X C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction. _D Property has yielded, or is likely to yield, information improtant in prehistory or history Criteria Considerations _A owned by a religuious institution or used for religious purposes B removed from its original location C a birthplace or grave _D a cemetery _E a reconstructed building, object or structure • —F a commemorative property G less than 50 years of age or achieved significance within the past 50 years Narrative Statement of Significance (explain the significance of the property on one or more continuation sheets) 9. Major Bibliographical References Bibliography (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets) Previous documentation on file (NPS) _preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67) has been requested _previously listed in the National Register _previously determined eligible by the National Register _designated a National Historic Landmark _recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey L� County and State: St, Joseph/ Indiana Areas of Significance Landscape Architecture Period of Significance 1895-1940 Significant Dates 1895;1905;1912;1915,1936. Significant Person N/A Cultural Affiliation N/A Architect/ Builder George Kessler, Landscape Architect Primary location of additional data: _State Historic Preservation Office _Other State Agency _Federal Agency X Local Government _University X Other Name of Repository: City of South Bend: Engineering Department City of South Bend: Parks Department St. Joseph County Public Library History Center of Northern Indiana Missouri Historical Society (Kessler Archives) Name of Property:Leeper Park Historic District 10. Geoaraahical Data • Acreage of Property: 25 acres UTM References A 16 5 61 960 46 14 880 zone easting northing C 16 5 62 640 46 15 160 County and State: St. Joseph/Indiana B 16 5 61 960 46 15 160 zone easting northing D 16 5 62 640 46 14 880 Verbal Boundary Description (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet) Boundary Justification (Explain why the boundaries were selected on a continuation sheet) 11. Form Prepared By name/title: Malcolm Cairns, ASLA. Associate Professor organization: Department of Landscape Architecture street & number: Ball State University telephone: 765/285-1982 city or town: Muncie state: IN Additional Documentation • submit the following items with the completed form: Continuation Sheets Maps zip code: 47306 A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location A Sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources. Photographs Representative black and white photographs of the property Additional items (check with SHPO or FPO for any additional items Property Owner name: City of South Bend; Park and Recreation Department street and number: 301 S. St. Louis Boulevard city or town: South Bend 0 state: IN zip code: 46601 NPS Form 10-900 a oMBApprovaIW1024- 0018 United States Department of the Interior • National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number _7_ Page _5_ 7. Narrative Descrintion Setting and Location Leeper Park is a designed landscape located in South Bend, Indiana in a residential area immediately north of the downtown commercial district of the city. The park is situated on a tract of land at the base of a gently sloping terrace, fronting on the St. Joseph River. The site is bounded by the River on the north and east, Bartlett Street and Park Lane on the south; the Western boundary of the park is defined by the toe of a steeply sloping hill at the top of which are the rear yards of homes of the City's Chapin Park Historic District. The park is bisected by Michigan Street, South Bend's primary north south arterial (US 33 and Bus 31). Michigan Street and the historic Michigan Street Bridge (1915) provide a physical link from the drives of Leeper Park and their extensions east and west along the south Riverside Drives, to the North Shore Drives (east and west segments), important components of the George Kessler designed South Bend park and boulevard plan (1912). The Park and bridge also serve as the gateway to northern residential neighborhoods of the City, and the Campus of the University of Notre Dame. Lafayette Street extends from the downtown, north into the Park. Main Street terminates in the Park on axis with a central flower garden and fountain. Leeper • park is the "central" park of the Kessler Park plan which links several riverside parks and parkways and a peripheral system of boulevards which interconnect and provide access to both neighborhood and large outer or rural parks. Leeper Park is divided into three components. The eastern portion, east of Michigan St. is focussed on the City's historic North Pumping Station and the associated large covered water reservoir; the central portion of the park consists of the central garden feature, duck pond, and Riverside Drive. The western section of the park contains active recreation facilities: ball fields, tennis courts and recreation building. Designed Landscape Features Architectural features of Leeper Park include the North Pumping Station, an associated concrete cistern, three well- houses, a large covered water reservoir, the Navarre Cabin and the Michigan Street bridge. Landscape features of the Park include its historic duck pond lagoon, the Island, remnant topographic remains of 2 formal garden areas, tennis courts, ball field, playground, and numerous drives and walkways. The Reynolds fountain, a stone watering trough and fountain, provides a visual terminus for the Main Street access to the park. Several sets of concrete stairs also remain from historic entries to park features. Historic Development of the Designed Landscape In 1895 the City of South Bend purchased land east of Michigan Street and north of Bartlett Street for the purposes of developing a well field and water pumping facility. This initial land purchase formed the nucleus of Leeper Park. The original Pumping Station and 60 artesian wells were constructed in 1895; a concrete cistern adjacent to the Pumping Station was built in 1899. Demand for water exceeded the capacity of the • City's pumping stations, and in 1912 a second North Pumping Station was constructed over and around the first. A nearby 6 million gallon covered reservoir- augmented this new pumping station. NPS Form 10-900a 0MBApKxv✓aINo1024 0018 United States Department of the Interior • National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number _7_ Page _6_ Land Acquisition Land around the pumping station was used for park purposes as early as 1897; the grounds were named Leeper Park in 1900. Original land purchases were expanded in 1901 extending the park boundaries to the St. Joseph River, including a small island north of the riverbank. In 1901 a public right of way was acquired, allowing the extension of water lines west of Michigan St. to Lafayette Blvd. This right of way, named Foote Street, is now Park Lane. In 1902 the land north of Foote Street, extending to the St. Joseph River, between Michigan and Lafayette Blvd. was donated to the City. A final tract of land west of Lafayette Blvd. extending to the eastern boundary of the Chapin Park subdivision was acquired in 1906. A Landfill in 1922 created by filling a slough between the mainland and a small island in the St. Joseph River brought the park acreage to the current 25 acres. Improvements In 1901 the grounds of the Pumping Station were seeded, and flowers planted. In 1902 a lily pond was constructed in the Central Section of the Park; this original pond was replaced by the digging of 2 lagoons in 1907. The western lagoon was known as the duck pond; the eastern one, a lily pond. A rustic carriage bridge was also constructed, crossing the lily pond. A bridge to the Island had been • constructed in a rustic style in 1902, opening up the island for use as a picnic ground. A small zoo was also established in 1902 in the Eastern section. In 1904 a log cabin was relocated to this area of the park; it became known as the Navarre cabin, associated with the founder of South Bend, Pierre Navarre. 1904 also brought the construction of a park drive along the riverfront extending along the eastern section and under the old Leeper (Michigan St.)Bridge. The drive was extended through the center section of the park from 1904-1907. These drives were renamed Riverside Drive in 1909. Other improvements to the park from 1905-1910 included development of a garden and fountain in the central section, the fencing of the duckpond, the construction of walks and macadamed drives, and the addition of playground equipment. These early improvements were guided by plans for the park prepared by superintendent Herman Beyer in 1905. In 1911 the Board of Park Commissioners hired George Kessler to prepare a master plan for the development of a park and boulevard system for the City. That plan, published in 1912, called for the expansion of Leeper Park, which was to become the centerpiece of the South Bend Park system. The Kessler Plan called for Riverside Drive to be extended along the St. Joseph River, connecting up and down -river parks, and to the urban boulevards extending to the outer and neighborhood parks of the City. The Kessler master plan was supplemented by detailed plans for individual parks, including one for Leeper Park (1915). This detailed plan, overlaid with earlier developments created during the Beyer years, would guide Leeper Park development for an additional decade. A wading pool was constructed in the Eastern section in 1911. In 1912, the western section of the Park was graded; Riverside Drive was extended from Lafayette Blvd. to Park Avenue. In 1914 Lafayette Boulevard and Riverside Drive were placed in the jurisdiction of the Parks Department. Curbs and gutters were installed and the Drive was lighted with boulevard lighting supplied by the is George Cutter Company. Cutter lighting fixtures were also installed on the new Michigan Street bridge and along Riverside Drive from Lafayette Boulevard to Hudson Street. NPS Form 10-900a OMBAppm[No1024 0018 • United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number _7_ Page _7_ The Leeper Park zoo was removed from the Park in 1914. The banks of the St. Joseph were also improved that year with limestone blocks and rip -rap in conjunction with the construction of a new bridge. The Michigan Street bridge replaced the iron Leeper Bridge in 1915. In 1915 the Park drives were remodelled in the center section, to conform to the Kessler Plan for the Park. Additional plans by George Kessler refined drive relocations in the center section. In 1918 a stone wall along the eastern section riverbank was constructed, using cutstone from the Michigan Central Railroad right -of -way. The Kessler Plan also guided the development of active recreation facilities for Leeper Park. In 1915 tennis courts, baseball and football fields and a playground were developed in the western section of the Park. A 1500' toboggan run was also a feature of this portion of the park. In 1916 a circular, sunken garden was constructed in the eastern section, partially surrounded by a curving pergola (1918). The garden was planted in daylilies centered around a sundial. An additional formal garden area was developed in 1919, extending the axis of Main St. into the Park. The Kessler era improvements were completed in 1922 with the creation of 2 additional acres of parkland by • filling a shallow slough which separated a small island in the St. Joseph from the mainland of the Park. A 100'x 200' Rose Garden was created east of the Pumping Station in 1922, as well. George Kessler passed away in 1923; improvements to Leeper Park continued in the 1920's and 1930's. In 1924 the sunken garden was redesigned in the landfill area of the eastern section; 700 roses were planted. Works Projects Administration (WPA) funded labor for several projects in Leeper Park. In 1936, a retaining wall faced with scrap salvage concrete was constructed around the island and the channel of the slough was dredged. In 1938 a shelter house near the tennis courts was also built with WPA labor. The three well -house structures which now serve as eastern section restrooms, the Zeigler performing center, and a folly in the center section, were constructed c. 1930-40. The Zeigler center was dedicated in 1940. A Fragrance Garden was added to this area of the park in 1955. 0 NPS Form 10-900a OMBAWv✓aINo1024 0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service • National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number _7_ Page —8- 7. Description of Existing Conditions Related to Historic Designed Landscape Features. Topography and Natural Features: The site was once a low-lying floodplain area. Historic records indicate that portions of the site have been raised and levelled. The banks of the St. Joseph have been stabilized in the center and west sections with limestone blocks. In the east section, earthwork has been created to blend the large covered reservoir with the surrounding land. In the west section created landforms have been installed to create the level court and playfield area, and to provide the roadway connection to the Chapin Park Addition. The steep east -facing slope of the Addition forms the visual and physical western boundary of the park. In the central section, a pronounced, shaped terrace defines the area in which the excavated Duck Pond is located. Other topographic features include the rounded bowl of the sunken garden, and subtle earthwork which once defined the area where the wading pool was located. Spatial Organization, Views and Vistas. The site is primarily a canopied open space. Openings in the tree canopy exist at the sunken garden, the duckpond, and the playfield and court areas. The Park was designed to provide views of the river from a number of locations. Vistas include the views • approaching the park from Main Street, where there is a view of the central formal garden, and from Lafayette Boulevard, where the view terminates at the River. Vegetation: A mixture of native and planted species exists on the site. Trees are planted throughout, with little obvious massing or clumping. Cottonwood, Sycamore, Sugar and Soft Maples predominate. Crabapples provide accents, planted near the Navarre cabin, Michigan St. bridge, and along Park Lane. Shrub plantings referred to in historic documentation no longer exist. Only remnants of the once extensive flower gardens remain. Circulation: Riverside Drive proceeds through the site as planned by the Kessler remodeling of the earlier carriage loop featured in the 1905 Beyer plan. Only portions of the Kessler walk system were ever constructed; a fragment remains in the playground area of the center section. Water Features: The Duck Pond remains in its historic location, although extensively remodelled during the 1980's and 90's. The site is worn and functional in appearance. The second lagoon in the center section no longer exists. Additional water features included the pool in the eastern section of which only the concrete edge remains, and the wading pool and trellised arbor, which has been removed. Water spigots, and wells associated with the City Waterworks, exist throughout the Park, reinforcing the connection between the Waterworks and Park functions of Leeper Park. Structures: The North Pumping Station, its associated cistern and underground reservoir remain as landmarks in Leeper Park . Three smaller brick structures, built apparently as well -houses (c1930- 1940) also exist. One serves as the staging structure for the Zeigler Peformance Center , the second as a restroom facility for the Navarre cabin area, the third is closed, and exists as a folly in the center area. All three are in the Georgian Revival style and feature carefully detailed brickwork, with limestone accents and trim. The Navarre cabin was rebuilt in the park in 1904, and has been • subsequently relocated and repositioned. The structure appears in good condition and is used for historic re -creations and other interpretative events. The shelterhouse built with WPA labor has been removed, replaced by tennis court expansion and the recreation building (c. 1970). The Wading pool NPS Form 10-900 a OMBApgaMNo1024 0018 United States Department of the Interior • National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number _7_ Page _9_ and Trellised Arbor have also been removed (c. 1970) from the eastern section. The Michigan Street or Leeper Bridge was constructed in 1915, replacing an older iron truss bridge over the St. Joseph. The arched concrete bridge is detailed in the Classic revival style. While not designed by George Kessler, the Michigan Street bridge is similar to those Kessler designed for the park system in Indianapolis. Kessler plans often featured bridges in the classic style as civic monuments and gateways. The bridge is a compliment to the North Pumping Station, and together the two form an important component of the Park as civic improvement aspect of the Kessler City Beautiful plan for Leeper Park. Foundation or abuttment stones from the original bridge were used to line the riverbank west of the new bridge Site Furnishings: Western section: Historic backstop fencing remains hidden by underbrush in the northeast corner of the playfield. Center section: concrete steps remain from Kessler era improvement to the Duck Pond Area. The Reynolds fountain, a historic watering trough installed in the park in 1937, remains at the terminus of Main Street. The stone block wall installed to stabilize the riverbank • west of the Michigan Rd. Bridge remains, in poor condition. Eastern Section: concrete steps remain leading from the Michigan Bridge approach to the sunken Garden. The bridge to the Island has been rebuilt on historic stone piers. The retaining wall built around the island by WPA-funded labor also remains; most of this extensive wall is in good repair, although several sections have broken and failed. Several historic light fixtures remain along Riverside Drive; the boulevard lights feature concrete posts and lamps manufactured by the George Cutter Company. Intrusions into the District a. Work yard, east of pumping station, while a traditional use, has been expanded to encroach on area previously used as rose garden. b. Playgrounds in eastern and central sections are not located where this type of facility was historically located. Contemporary materials are somewhat inappropriate in these settings. c. Traditional light fixtures have been replaced and/or augmented with additional institutional type cobra head lighting on wooden telephone poles. d. Recreation building at Tennis Complex is of 1970's brick/wood mansard style. Location and use of structure, however conforms to stated Kessler master plan for western section. e. An additional row of 4 tennis courts replaced open lawn area and original playground. Tennis, however, in this location is appropriate to Kessler Master Plan. 0 NPS Form 10.900 a OMB ApVoval No 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service • National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number _8_ Page _10_ 8. Statement of Significance Context Statement: Historic Context: Public Parks The nineteenth century romantic or naturalistic era in the arts revered the American landscape. The veneration of natural and regional landscapes was one way of representing the stong populist and democratic political values that existed in the United States during the middle decades of the century. These political and social influences and their related aesthetic produced a uniquely Americn designed landscape --the public park. Unlike their counterparts in Europe, American public parks were not rooted in royal domain; beginning with the design for Central Park in New York (1858) by Frederick Law Olmsted, Sr. and Calvert Vaux, parks were created which represented the perceived value of preserving or creating natural (or naturalistic) outdoor spaces for the enjoyment and well-being of the people. Fundamental to the design of these public places was the presumed uplifting effect of rural scenery. This philosophy was translated by artists such as Olmsted into actual landcapes that emulated nature, • bringing naturalistic or rural scenery to the residents of densely populated, often dirty and polluted cities. Parks were soon recognized as therapeutic escapes from the congested city. The provision of parks as urban necessities for mental and physical breathing room was soon widely accepted and practiced in large and small cities alike. The earliest parks designed in the mid -19th century were conceived as singular elements. By the 1880's the concept of public parkland was extended to the planning and design of interconnected systems of parks: large and small open spaces woven together with a system of parkways and boulevards. Early examples of these park systems include Chicago's West Parks (Jenny, 1869) and South Parks (Olmsted and Vaux, 1869), the Emerald Necklace of Boston (Eliot, 1890), and the Minneapolis Park System (Cleveland, 1883). By the turn of the century, organizations such as the American Park and Outdoor Art Association promoted the development of urban park systems which provided opportunity for passive enjoyment of natural scenery, the protection of rapidly declining urban natural areas such as stream corridors, and the efficient planning of cities around a coordinated system of parks and boulevards. The City Beautiful Movement which followed the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 further embraced the ideal of planning cities to include a network of parks and open space. The work of George Kessler is notable in the extension of the City Beautiful Ideal to the civic designs for the park systems of Kansas City, Denver, Dallas, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis. The notoriety and popularity of the park and boulevards of large American cities led to the emulation of these landscapes in small cities as well. Additional social movements were influential in the development of the American public park. Once reserved for passive enjoyment of nature, parks 0 NPS Form 10-900a 0MBApVu4No1024 0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service • National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number _8_ Page _11_ also become places for active recreation in the early years of the 20th century as interests in sports and playgrounds evolved. Urban conditions of the industrial revolution and of an increasingly poor and immigrant population spawned reform movements such as that led by Jane Addams in Chicago. Community Centers, public recreation facilities, and other facilities aimed at improving the public health and welfare soon became integral to the urban park. The typical early 20th century urban park combined the concepts of a rural retreat, preservation or creation of natural scenery, opportunities for public gathering and discourse, provision of active recreation facilities and community centers, often within a network of parks and boulevards which provided ease of access to the parks and a framework for the well planned city. Stylistically and aesthetically, these parks combined formal elements such as public gardens and promenades with the pastoral and picturesque scenery associated with the earlier rural parks. Products of rapidly developing concepts, 19th and early 20th century parks were not static elements of the urban landscape; they were often overlays of sequential designs. Carefully planned additions or improvements to early rural parks added components of active recreation, field houses, community • centers and other public facilities as these social movements were more fully developed. Most importantly, parks and park and boulevard systems became elements around which planned residential and commercial development flourished. Seen as the structural framework for urban development, large and small cities alike embraced to concept of park planning and design to further the "City Beautiful" ideal. It is in this context that the contributions of George Kessler can be appreciated. Kessler was born in Germany in 1862, and immigrated to Texas with his parents. He returned to Weimar where he studied landscape gardening and civil engineering. He returned to New York in 1882, and upon an introduction by Frederick Law Olmsted, Sr. was hired by a Kansas City real estate firm to develop subdivision plans for the suburb of Hyde Park. Subsequent subdivision work included Roland Park in Baltimore (1891), Euclid Heights in Cleveland and a development in Ogden, Utah. These projects were soon followed by the commission to prepare a plan for a park and boulevard system for Kansas City, soon followed by a similar plan for Memphis. After completing the landscape design for the St. Louis World's Fair of 1904, park system designs were also prepared for Indianapolis (1905); Cincinnati (1906); Denver (1907); and Oklahoma City (1910). The Kessler designed City Plan of Dallas was published in 1911. The notoriety of these park and city plans brought even more commissions to the Kessler firm, including plans for St. Joseph, Missouri, and a number of park plans for Indiana cities: Ft. Wayne, Terre Haute, and South Bend. At the time of his death in 1923, Kessler was continuing his work for the City of Indianapolis with the design of an outer ring of parks and boulevards and the campus plan Butler University. NPS Form 10-900 a OMBApp maIW1024 0018 • United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number _8_ Page _12_ An analysis of Kessler's work reveals a careful combination of the creation of parks as pastoral retreats, as healthy places of active recreation, and as devices for guiding the planned development of cities. Kessler's aesthetic combined both the romantic style of earlier Victorian parks, and the formal renaissance styles favored by landscape architects after the world's Columbian Exposition of 1893. Kessler is primarily known for his successful landscape planning efforts; his work expanded the young profession of landscape architecture in this regard. Kessler design principles Park planning work undertaken by Kessler is consistently comprised of interconnected Parks and Boulevards proposed as planned elements of the coordinated city plan. In many cases the park and boulevard plan was proposed as the framework for subsequent city expansion. Kessler plans used natural features, especially rivers and streams to unify the park and boulevard system.The park plans, themselves, combined formal and informal elements, and incorporated provisions for both passive and active recreation, including provision for baseball, golf, swimming, tennis courts, and childrens play. • Community centers which combined both indoor and outdoor recreation and other public facilities are also common. Road and Path alignments feature sweeping, complex radial curves, similar to the 19th century German and French designs of Lenne and Alphand , with transitions near buildings and on small, geometric sites to Beaux Arts Classicism. Plantings are massed to form open lawn spaces. Boulevards are typically planted with single or multiple rows of trees. Larger sites of informally massed plantings are bordered at street edges by linear street -tree plantings. Many prominent street corners, intersections and street terminii feature vistas, focal points, or other landscape or architectural features. Architectural/Engineering elements, such as bridges, pavilions, colonnades were also designed by Kessler in the classical revival style common during the City Beautiful era which followed the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893. A designer for the progressive era, Kessler's plans and writing called for parks to be places for community. His plan for Leeper park represents many aspects of George Kessler's design philosophy. The park was to be an integral part of the riverway park system and would be connected with outer parks and boulevards; the park would be oriented to the River, and bring the water into the park through a series of lagoons; the park would incorporate active and passive recreation, a "splendid playfield, and in this it would be wise to establish a complete equipment for all out -door sports. There should be an adequate shelter building as a field house."* In these words Kessler foresaw the eventual use of Leeper Park as the playground for the James Madison School (1930), the YWCA (1928) and the site of subsequent indoor and outdoor recreation facilities developed sympathy with the Kessler vision well into the 1960's. *George Ressler: Annual Report, Department of Public Works. South Bend, 1913. 0 NPS Form 10-900 a OMBApprwalNo1024 0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service • National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number _8_ Page _13_ Statement of Significance Leeper Park should be considered significant as determined by Criteria "C": "The property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction." The Park is an outstanding example of the landscape planning and design for a small city park of the City Beautiful era of American landscape architectural design. The design combines aspects of city -planning, landscape planning for a network of parks and boulevards, and incorporates both early 20th century formalism and earlier principles of pastoral park planning. The Kessler and earlier Beyer designs for Leeper Park provided the quintessential components of the City Park: informally landscaped areas for passive recreation, a system of curvilinear paths for strolling, a driveway system for the new recreational form of driving for pleasure, playfields and playgrounds for active recreation and formal landscape features such as gardens and broad terraces for public gatherings. The Kessler plan for Leeper Park was envisioned as the centerpiece of the South Bend system. Its drives would connect to others along the riverway park system, and lead past the City Waterworks to the neo -classically designed Michigan Street Bridge. Leeper Park provided the citizens of South Bend with a front porch to the St. Joseph River, and an . appropriate setting for the City's waterwork facilities. In considering the historic significance of Leeper Park, dates were selected which cover all eras of the Parks history: early history 1895-1911; Kessler era: 1912-1923; 1924-1940: implementation of the Kessler plan, including additions through WPA era improvements. The early design for the Park by Herman Beyer in 1905 represents the skilled work of a local master gardener. Beyer had been the landscape gardener for the estate landscape owned by James Oliver, a prominent South Bend industrialist. This Victorian Park plan developed and implemented by Beyer was simple in its layout, but was carefully related to the river, the city's street pattern, and the intended use as a public pleasure ground. A skilled plantsman, Beyer's contribution to Leeper Park included shaping the land from what had been not much more than a slough, extensive plantings, the creation of early lagoons with planted borders and water plantings, and the characteristic use of the late Victorian era flower beddings, seats, and other architectural embellishments. The association of Leeper Park with George Kessler places the Park and its South Bend park companions in elite company. George Kessler was at the height of his career during the years he was associated with the City. His hiring, and the subsequent implementation of the Kessler plan (1912) for South Bend Parks was a source of great civic pride, the product of which is a well-defined parkway system along the St. Joseph River accented by park facilities along the way. The Leeper Park design by Kessler in 1915 proposed a skillful remodelling of the earlier Beyer layout. The drive . layout was reworked to include a continuous river driveway. The walkway system featured signature Kessler sweeping curves, Y intersections, and careful transitions to incorporate formal design elements into the plan. The 3 distinct sections of the Park, each with their own structured recreation NPS Foam 10-900 a OMH Approval No 1024-0018 Unked States Departinmt of the toterlor National Park Savior • National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number _8_ Page _14_ facilities were woven together by the circulation layout. The Wading Pool, the Formal Garden, and the Playfields and Courts became integral parts of the overall composition. The Garden, a reworking of the earlier Main Street axial entry into the Park from Main Street, extended the street vista into the park with parallel walks and central garden layout, utilizing forms similar to other Kessler formal gardens in Indianapolis at Garfield Park and University Park, both also designed in 1915. The Kessler plan for the park was implemented over several decades. The last improvements to the park made during the Depression: street work, retaining walls and recreation pavilion were sensitive extensions of the Kessler design. Leeper Park is South Bend's first designed public park. The Park was designed to be a community gathering place, the setting for the City's Waterworks, and to provide access to the St. Joseph River as a place for both active and passive recreation. Its local significance through its early design and implementation by Herman Beyer, is elevated to statewide prominance through the planning and design work of George Kessler. The Parks of South Bend as integrated components of an overall park and boulevard plan, represent the translation of metropolitan park planning and design principles during the late Victorian and City Beautiful eras of American landscape architecture in larger cities • such as Chicago, Boston, and Kansas City, to smaller cities of the midwest. The City of South Bend progressively commissioned George Kessler, one of the country's most distinguished park planners, develop these plans. The planning and design for Leeper Park is important to the cohesiveness of the overall plan. The collection of interrelated South Bend parks and boulevards is also an important component in the statewide inventory of Kessler designed parks which also includes multiple sites in Indianapolis, Ft. Wayne, and Terre Haute. Historic Integrity Leeper Park has maintained its historic boundaries, and its setting near the northern edge of the downtown area. It is flanked by 2 of the City's several historic residential districts, and overlooks a third on the north shore of the River. Some encroachment in setting has occurred with the expansion of Memorial Hospital, cutting off the continuity of Main Street from the Park to Downtown, and in off-site views of the Hospital's parking lots. The neighboring Madison School and the YWCA, however, remain as traditional visual and functional adjuncts for the Park. The design of Leeper Park is an amalgam of the Beyer and Kessler Plans for the site. The Drives of the Park, portions of walkway, entry steps and garden features remain in their historic location as remodelled in the Kessler era. Traces of the older carriage lanes, removed as the Kessler plan was implemented remain in the spacing of trees in the center section. The three distinct sections of the park remain and retain their historic landuses. The eastern section is primarily a passive park and garden area, providing the setting for the North pumping station and interpretive areas of the Navarre Cabin and Zeigler Performing Center. The riverbank and Island is retain their historic pastoral character. The center section of the park is centered around the Duck Pond, which coupled with the former location of formal gardens served as the Park's front yard. Coupled with the addition of a playground (which is a slight intrusion into the historic fabric of the NPS Form 10-900a OMBAppovaINo1024 0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service • National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number _8_ Page _15_ park), these areas still serve as locations for community gatherings. The western section of the park was improved for the purposes of providing active recreation components for the Park. These traditional uses remain, and even the construction of the modern -era community building does not detract from this area of the park's historic function and visual appearance. The park retains its historic feeling of a shaded respite, accented by the formal and active recreation features of the park landscape. In summary, Leeper Park retains its historic boundaries, setting, functions, basic landscape structure, and associated feeling. The layout of the Park reflects the substantial implementation of a George Kessler design, and the overall feeling or atmosphere of the park is consistent with historic photographs or the site. The Park was not one where detailed landscape construction, structures and features were of great importance. The details which have been lost are primarily plantings: shrub massing, ornamental trees, and the several formal garden areas of the Park. These details are not irrevocable losses. The pastoral landscape of trees and lawn, contrasted with formal entry treatments, gardens, and site features associated with the Kessler plan for the Park, the curvilinear Drive which . unites the park and connects it to its residential neighbors, and the continued visual and physical connection to the St. Joseph River all reinforce the historic integrity of the Leeper Park landscape. Finally the association of Leeper Park with the Michigan Street Bridge, and especially with the National Register -listed North Pumping Station, its associated cistern and reservoir, wellhouses, active water wells, etc. preserves the historic association of Leeper Park with the City's civic development of its public works and waterworks facilities. This combination of public works as civic monuments, and the provision of an interconnected system of parks and boulevards for the residents of South Bend well -represents the City Beautiful Ideal as expressed in the work of George Kessler. 11 NPS Form 10-900a OMBAppudNo1Q24 0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service • National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number _9_ Page _16_ Major Bibliographic References 1. National Park Service: Pioneers of American Landscan_ a Desien. U.S. Department of the Interior. Washington. 1993. 2. O'Day, James R : George Edward Kessler and the Indianapolis Park Svstem. Masters Thesis. Ball State University. 1988. 3. Talley, J. Edward: Leener Park. Historic Preservation Commission of South Bend. 1996. 4. Tishler, William H. (ed.): American Landscape Architectur,. Preservation Press. Washington. 1989. 5. Wilson, William H.: The City Beautiful Movement. John Hopkins Press. Baltimore. 1989. 6. . City of South Bend Summary Ren_ ort. Indiana Historic Sites and Structures Inventory. South Bend. 1982. 7. . City of South Bend_ Annual Report. 1901-1936. City of South Bend. • George Kessler Archives. The Missouri Historical Society. St. Louis. Archives. Northern Indiana Historical Society. South Bend. Local History Archive. Public Library of St. Joseph County. South Bend. 0 NPS Form 10-900a OMBApVvdNo1Q24 0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service 10 National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number _10_ Page _17_ 10. Geographical Data Verbal Boundary Description: The boundaries of the Leeper Park Historic District shall include all of the land area known as Leeper Park, and all adjacent public rights-of-way described as follows. Beginning at the extension of the south r.o.w. line of Bartlett Street intersecting with the St. Joseph River, extending westward to the west r.o.w. line of Michigan Street, northward to the south r.o.w. line of Park Lane, westward to the east r.o.w. line of Lafayette Boulevard; southward to the north r.o.w. line of Bartlett Street. Then, crossing Lafayette Boulvard and following the rear property lines of homes on the north side of Lamont Terrace to the crest of the slope paralleling the rear property lines of lots east of Park Avenue in the Chapin Park Addition, to the south no.w. line of Riverside Drive, westward to the eastern property boundary of Chapin Park lots on DuShane Place, northward to the St. Joseph River. The Boundary of the district then follows the Riverbank, includes the Michigan Street Bridge, and the Island east of the Bridge, and then along the Riverbank eastward to point of beginning. Boundary Justification: Boundaries have been described to include both the parkland itself and its • adjacent street rights-of-way. The street frontages are important to the definition of park edges, the relationship of park to neighborhood, and the inclusion of these streets as components of the Kessler Park and Boulevard Plan. The slope (in private property) along the western boundary of the park is important in the preservation of the visual enclosure the wooded topography provides. The Michigan St. Bridge is included within the district boundary; its construction is concurrent with the Kessler Plan for Leeper Park, and the combination of Park and Civic monument is important in the accomplishment of the City Beautiful ideal for the Park. 0 NPS Form 10-900 a 0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service 4p National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number —10 Page_18 District Boundaries 0MBAmand No1024- TONTI AVENUE A,T, NAP(XEO- WE" 0 war -x W. �E- 0 VINCENT wE" Q —13 A J T WORE T .V LEEPER PARK �_� LANE LEEPER = -Z 3Z PARK fo + + Mp 21. 4 N,• Qi cl, SARTLETT STREET All Co "A iL ,VLS� I L- ONTE .. �...I I TERRACE; W64(WAL E HOSPITAL' — Q— ICPURY9 --- 9L-, T V III I ARE STREET L; - 11 V 1. • NAVARRE STREET' J3 0 -F _�:�:r+ `I:^.I Y2 ®- l- Y L� LA STREET STREET 74 + ya0j.� s: :Is.! t OT- w�OS —.�u :M li l� z :! _—_ Q Q D - SO. STREET 30 'A • '4fr\'��`'.•,`' s-/`:�`- I I•�ff �I �. �:I 1.:.:C i� �:I ';a__ 5� J X.. • • • NPS Form 10-900 a 0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Site Plan, Key: Buildings: B 1: North Pumping Station B2: Wellhouse 1 B3: Wellhouse 3 Structures: S 1: Michigan St. Bridge S2: Retaining Wall S3: Cistern S4: Duckpond S5: Tennis Courts S6: Steps S7: Steps Objects 01: Reynolds Fountain 02: Light Fixture (typ) Page _19 photo 1 3 5 6 7 10 12 13 14 B4: Navarre Cabin B5: Wellhouse 2 136: Recreation Building S8: Pedestrian Bridge S9: Sunken Garden Landform S 10: Covered Reservoir S 11: Riverside Drive photo 2 4 8 9 11 OMBAp MOI No 1024 I* i NPS Form 10-900 a 0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Page _20 Site Plan � 0 - 1'. 11 sy_ a 85 G T LID(- 02 5y • MINUTES OF THE REGULAR MEETING of the' HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION Regular Monthly Meeting County Commissioner s 7:30 p.m. Conference Room Monday September 15, 1997 7th Floor County -City Building I. Call to Order John Oxian, president of the commission, brought the meeting to order at 7:30 p.m. II. Roll Call Commission members present were: Martha Choitz, Adrian Fine, Catherine Hostetler, John Oxian, Janeanne Petrass, Edward Talley, & Jerry Wiener. Commission staff present was: David Duvall, director; Rhonda Saunders, Administrative Assistant. Also attending. the meeting were: Gary Derbin, Brendan Crummlish, Charles Leone, Mr. & Mrs. Howell, Philip Schatz, Don Sporleder. III. Public Hearing A. Certificates of Appropriateness 1) 1997-0825 - 952 Riverside Drive - Replace,two deteriorated attic windows with Pella designer series clad white windows with•muntins between the glass • in the same pattern as the existing windows. Mr. Duvall presented the Staff Report and distributed photographs. Mr. Duvall noted that the owner was not present, however, the contractor was present. Mr. Oxian asked if the contractor had anything he wished to add. Mr. Derbin responded with a no. Mr. Oxian asked for discussion. Mr. Talley asked if there was a drawing or photo of the new windows. Mr. Derbin interjected that he had a product catalog, he then proceeded to show the commission the style of window the owners had chosen. Mr. Talley moved that the commission approve the application. Mr. Wiener seconded the motion. The motion passed unanimously. Mr. Duvall stated that the next. application, for 2119 Portage Avenue, was changed to a staff approval due to the ownersdecisionto restore the chimney to its full height rather then shorten it. 2) 1997-0902 - 1314 East Wayne Street - Replace three deteriorated basement windows with block glass windows for energy efficiency and security. Mr. Duvall presented the Staff Report and distributed photographs. He noted that the owner was not present. Mr. Duvall stated that he had a phone conversation with the owner, Mr. Bernard, earlier today. Mr. Duvall said that they had discussed the idea of totally filling the openings with brick, the owner did not like the idea of losing all of the natural light. Mr. Duvall also suggested that the glass block be set behind a screen of brick that would still allow some of the light through, the owner did not like this idea either. Mr. Bernard did express his support of the general district concept and that he would abide by the commissions decision. Mr. Duvall noted that the owner did indicate a willingness to obscure the windows with higher shrubs and to remove and store the windows for future owners. Mrs. Choitz asked how many windows were being replaced. Mr. Duvall stated that there were three, • two in the front and one around the side.. Mr. Fine questioned if there were any other basement windows. Mr. Duvall noted that, the right side of the building has a sun porch and the rear has a screened in porch, neither have' basements. Mr. Fine asked if the windows were. beyond repair. Mr. Duvall responded that the windows were made of steel and had been in contact with soil and water and thus were pretty well rusted. Mr. Duvall noted that due to the owners statement of compliance with the commissions decision, that the owner would probably seek an alternative replacement window if the application were turned down, however, this is uncertain. Mr. Oxian questioned how much light could possibly come through the basement windows, he noted that _through his own experience with basement windows that they do not give much light. Mr. Duvall noted that the amount of light would depend on how direct it is and since they are north facing windows he concurs with Mr. Oxian in that the basement windows can not give much natural light. Mr. Fine asked if the owner had chosen glass block mainly for security purposes. 'Mr. Duvall stated that security does appear to have been the owners greatest concern, however, the application stated, that the owners wanted to achieve security, and thermal efficiency. Mr. Duvall noted that glass block is not an energy efficient' product. Mr. Fine asked if the owner had looked at any other type of window units. Mr. Duvallresponded that as far as he knows the owner has not. Mr. Oxian moved that the application be put into the Standards 'and Maintenance Committee and that they come up with a recommendation for next month after talking with the owner and coming up with a compromise. Mr. Talley seconded the motion.'The motion passed unanimously. 3) 1997-0902-2 - 1055 Riverside Drive = (A)Replace existing cement -asbestos . roof shingles with high profile asphalt shingles on the main roof of the house and repointing the main chimney. (B)The applicant also wants to replace the garage doors and reconstruct the failing cement block parapet over the garage doors. Mr. Duvall presented the Staff Report and distributed photographs. He noted that the owner, Mr. Leone, and his architect, Mr. Crummlish, were both present. Mr. Oxian stated that the application should be split and that the Commission should first vote on the replacement of the roof and repointing of the chimney:. Mrs. Choitz moved to approve part "A" of 'the application; concerning the roof and chimney. Mrs. Petrassseconded the motion. Mr. Crummlish presented the Commission with a sample of the proposed roofing material. The motion passed unanimously. Mr. Duvall continued with the staff recommendation for the proposed alterations to the garage. Mr. Crummlish noted that he and Mr. Duvall had talked about an alternative door. The new concept is to use a flush door with applied battens'to replicate the patterns in'the original door. Since the door only has a single row of windows at the top, the squares below the windows could be painted a dark color to give the illusion of two rows of glass. Mr. Crummlish further stated that the size of the doors were different. Presently there are three seven foot wide openings and no service door. This would be changed to two nine foot wide doors and the installation of a service door. This alteration is necessary do to the fact that cars are wider now. Mr. Crummlish further stated that the lack of a service door has caused security problems in keeping the garage locked. There was some discussion as to how, through the use of battens and paint, one could better replicate the existing doors. Mr. Talley questioned if the • additions to the doors would inhibit the doors operation.. Mr. Crummlish stated that they would not, that they would be cut to fit properly. Mr. Oxian asked if the drawing in the packets were the doors the applicant wanted to • install. Mr. Crummlish said that the drawing depicted the original proposal, but, that has changed since his conversation with,Mr. Duvall. Mr. Oxian asked if there was a picture of the new proposal. Mr. -Crummlish presented the original drawing as altered by Mr. Duvall. He again described how the proposed door could be altered through battens and paint to better resemble the existing doors.Mr.. Talley asked if he was correct in thinking that the service door would not be very visible from the street. Mr. Crummlish concurred that the door would be partially hidden be the left side of the house. Mr. Talley moved for approval of part "B" of the application which includes the reconstruction of the parapet, as submitted, and the replacement of the garage doors and the addition of a service door with the understanding that they replicate as near as possible the existing doors, per the' new - drawing submitted. Mrs. Hostetler seconded the motion. The motion passed unanimously. 4) 1997-0903 - 1027 East Wayne Street - Landscape the backyard through the use of lattice, water features and paths: Mr. Duvall presented the staff report and distributed photographs and drawings. Mr. Duvall noted that the owner, Mr. Schatz, was present. Mrs. Hostetler moved to approve the application as recommended by staff. Mrs. Choitz seconded the motion. Mrs. Choitz asked if the proposed plan took advantage of the former driveway. Mr. Schatz stated that it did, leaving one spot to park. The motion passed unanimously. 15) 1997-0905 - 60717 Locust Road - Install a black wrought iron gate at entrance of driveway. • Mr. Duvall presented the staff report and distributed photographs. Mr. Duvall noted that the applicant was not present. Mrs. Choitz asked if the gate would be free standing or attached to the two pillars that sit at either side of the driveway. Mr. Duvall stated that the gate would not 'be attached to the pillars. Mr. Talley questioned whether or not gates were common in the era of the house. Mr. Duvall said that they were. Mrs. Choitz asked if a fence was going to be placed across the front of the property. Mr. Duvall said that there were no plans for a fence. Mrs: Choitz asked for further clarification of where the gate would sit and how it would operate. Mr. Oxian stated that if this application was approved that the Commission obtain the design that will be chosen. Mr. Talley noted that it is not normal for the Commission to approve an application with out some documentation of the proposed style. Mr. Oxian suggested that the Commission leave it to Mr. Duvall to see what style the owner chooses. Mrs. Choitz again questioned how the, gate would be anchored. She further questioned what the curb was made of. Mr. Duvall said it appears to be made of concrete. Mr. Talley stated that he did not have a problem with the gate, but, he does have major apprehensions about approving something the Commission has not seen. He further noted that he does not recall the Commission ever approving anything with out a plan. Mr. Oxian mentioned that he has known the owner for a long time. Mr. Oxian advised that the application be given to the Standards and Maintenance Committee and have them make the final decision. Mrs. Choitz asked how the staff got word that the owner was going to install the gate. Mr. Oxian stated the the owner had called. There was some discussion over the legality of letting the Committee make the final decision. Mr. Talley moved that the application for a gate be • conceptually approved and then referred to the, Standards and Maintenance Committee to approve the final design details. -Mrs. Choitz seconded the motion. The motion passed unanimously. 6) 1997-0905-2 - 24845 State Road'23 - (A)Construct two car garage with white horizontal wood siding to match the summer kitchen and (B)pave and widen the driveway. (C)In addition the applicants propose to build a wood deck or stoop at the rear entrance of the house. Mr. Duvall presented the staff report and circulated photographs. Mr. Duvall noted that the owner, Mrs. Kuntz, was present. Mrs. Hostetler moved to approve part "A" of the application, concerning the new garage. Mr. Wiener seconded the motion. Mr. Oxian asked for some more clarification as to the location of the garage and if the garage would be connected to the house. Mrs. Kuntz stated that the garage would be off to the side and behind the house and that it would be free standing. The motion passed unanimously. Mrs. Hostetler moved to approve part "B" of the application, concerning the driveway. Mr. Talley seconded the motion. The motion passed unanimously. Mrs. Hostetler moved to approve part "C" of the application, concerning the deck/stoop. Mrs. .Petrass seconded the motion. Mr. Fine asked if the structure would have a railing. Mr. Duvall responded that it would have a railing along the side by the cellar door. Mr. Fine asked if the balustrade would be,painted. Mrs. Kuntz stated that it would be painted white to match the house. The motion passed unanimously. 7) 1997-0908 - 1724 East Wayne Street - Replace a rear prime door with a similar steel door with the same light pattern to resemble the existing wood door Mr. Duvall presented the staff report and circulated photographs. Mr. Duvall noted the owners, Mr. & Mrs.. Howell, were present. Mr. Oxian asked if there • was a picture of the door the owners .want to put in. Mr. Duvall circulated a diagram of a couple of door options made by Aldrich Supply Company. Mr. Derbin, the owners contractor, stated that he and the owners believe that the existing door was not the original door due to the fact that it does not fit the opening. The owners have decided that they would except the door style the Commission chooses. Mr. Oxian asked what the windows looked like in the house. Mr. Derbin.stated that the owners had put new windows in the second story last year that have the six over six divided lights. Mrs. Howell mentioned that the same divided light windows are also in the kitchen. Mr. Fine moved to approve the application per staff recommendation of Ardrich Supply Company steel door design 6B. Mrs. Hostetler seconded the motion. The motion passed unanimously. IV. Regular Business A. Approval of Minutes 1. August 18, 1997 Mr. Fine moved to approve the minutes. Mrs. Petrass seconded the motion. The motion passed unanimously. 2. August 25, 1997 Mr. Oxian noted that at the bottom of the first page where it stated that "Mr. Oxian moved that the Parks Department come up with a plan for a sidewalk on the north side of the street", should read that the sidewalk should come off of the south side of the bridge and that it step down to the river. Mr. Oxian also noted that on the last page where it states "..if Water Works had done • two applications." Should read that one -was to the Department of Transportation and the other one the Commission had made. Mr. Fine moved to approve the minutes as changed. Mrs. Hostetler seconded the motion. The • motion passed unanimously. Mr. Oxian noted that the degradation of the sea wall and subsequent erosion problem was presented before the Board of Water Works at their meeting on the first of this month. Mr. Oxian stated that the Army Corp of 'Engineers were coming to town and that the problem would be brought before them. The Water Works Board also asked for money to put bushes around the pump to quiet the nose it makes. B. Treasurer's Report Nothing new to report C. Correspondence Mr. Duvall stated that a notification from Historic Landmarks Foundation of Indiana had been received and that it stated that the Foundation had awarded a $2,000.00 Indian Preservation Grant to the Family and Children Center Properties Management for a preservation study of the Lister Platt house, which is a South Bend local landmark located at 1028 East Wayne Street. Mr. Duvall noted that the Commission had received a notice regarding Indiana Alliance of Historic District Commissions which will meet on the morning of Saturday the.11th as part of the Cornelius O'Brien Conference. In addition to this the Commission has received a letter from DNR Division of Historic Preservation and Archaeology granting one member of the Commission or staff person a scholarship for the Cornelius O'Brien Conference. The scholarship would pay registration, meals and two nights lodging. Mr. Duvall stated that he had sent a request to the County Commissioners to pay his registration, mileage and meals to the conference, thus leaving the scholarship open. Some of the members of the Commission suggested that Mr. Oxian use the scholarship to attend the conference. Mr. Duvall noted that the Commission had received a letter from the Dismas House of Michiana, which is the house at 521 S. St. Joseph Street, regarding a possible National Register Nomination. Mr. Duvall reported that the Commission had gotten a letter from John Burkebile requesting the Commissions assistance as a certified local government in their application for preservation funding through the DHPA grants for improvements at the Studebaker Club House at Bendix Woods. Mr. Fine asked if they were asking for a decision on whether the Commission would be a co-sponsor or not. Mr. Duvall responded that they did want the Commission to.be a co -applicant in order for them to get the CLG points. Mr. Duvall stated that he wanted to note the letter as correspondence but not discuss it until the Commission got to the grants. D. Committed Reports 1. Budget and Finance Mr. Oxian noted that the budget was the same as last year. Mr. Duvall mentioned that he had spoken with Beverly Crone. She stated that she was not sure how the final budget numbers would end up, however, she did note that money had been set aside for grant matching. Mr. Duvall stated that the • Commission has the bid costs in for the grant projects for the coming year so the commission can go ahead and ask for the needed appropriation. Mr. Oxian stated that when he had talked to Beverly Crone he had asked for $10,000.00; i • which the Commission did not get. 2. Historic Districts No new information 3. Historic Landmarks a. Status of recommendations to Councils Mr. Oxian noted that there was a meeting at Madison School which was attended by all concerned parties. Mr. Duvall stated that the very last comment made at the meeting by Staly was that if by the October meeting the Commission did not have a letter from them committing to some procedure for review that the Commission should proceed with the landmarking. He further stated that there would be no one there from the School Corporation to contest it. Mr. Oxian stated earlier. in the meeting to the School Corporation that if they did not go through with the remodeling that he would not come in at the end. Mr. Oxian then gave them three choices, first was to work together on a committee if the remodeling project was to go forward, second was if the remodeling was not going through then the Commission'would go ahead with the landmarking and the third suggestion was that they get together and consider Monroe, Jefferson and Madison Schools as a unit and landmark .them all at once. Mr. Oxian further stated that the School Corporation would have to choose one of these by October or the Commission would take action. Mr. Oxian stated that 216 West Jefferson and 514 West LaSalle are both before the Council and will most likely have there first readings the fourth Tuesday of this month. 5. Standards and Maintenance - Mr. Fine stated that the committee had looked at the local landmark guideline which reads that front yard areas are not to be fenced in. Mr. Fine noted that the Commission has demonstrated in the past that fencing is appropriate in some cases. He stated that the committee recommends new language to be inserted in the recommended section and the previous section prohibiting fences be deleted. The new language would state that front yard areas should not be fenced except in cases where historical documentation would indicate such fencing as being appropriate. The fencing should be in character with the building style, materials, and scale. Mrs.'Choitz seconded the motion. The motion passed unanimously. Mr. Oxian noted that the new standards should be sent to Commission members and landmark owners. E. Staff Reports 1. C of A staff approvals See attachment. 2. Legal a. 536 River Avenue Mr. Duvall stated that'Mrs. DeRose had sent a letter to the owner of 536 River Avenue concerning the propane tanks, which stated that if'a C of A was not submitted then a complaint would be filed. Mr. Duvall noted that the owner called on the 8th stating that the propane tanks would be removed. ,Mr. Duvall • further noted that the Commission should monitor the situation to make sure the tanks do come out. • b. 982 Riverside Drive Mr. Duvall stated that he had sent a letter on September 3rd to Mr. Schulla, the owner of 982 Riverside Drive, regarding the over sized lights he had installed on his garage roof with out a C of A. There was some discussion over the styleof the lights, how they affixed them to the garage roof and the frequent additions of inappropriate lawn accessories. Mr. Duvall noted that he has not heard from the owner since sending the letter. Mr. Oxian stated that if Mr. Duvall did not heap anything with in .the week that it should be turned over to Mrs. DeRose and that Mr. Duvall should note what ever else is in the front yard that should not be, then have Mrs. DeRose.send out another letter. . Mr. Talley mentioned that he has had six telephone calls from his neighbors concerning this house, he has referred them to the liaison committee. He further stated that this was an excellent case of standards not being given to new owners. c. Madison Children's Hospital Mr. Duvall stated' that he had sent a letter after the last meeting to Jack Roberts about the concerns that were brought to the last meeting over the noise and swearing. There has been no response from them.. Mr. Duvall noted that he had called Anne Carol Simmon today to see where she thought the situation stood. Mrs. Simmon said that unless there is a history of police reports concerning the vulgar language that the City could not do anything about it. The neighborhood residence could, however, bring a civil, case against Madison Center. There' was some discussion over Mr. Talley's appointment as the liaison between the residents and Madison Center. Mr. Talley noted .that the city only gets involved over decibels and not frequencies. It was suggested that Mr. Talley contact the councilmen involved to try and alter the city's policy to include frequency. 3. DHPA Grant Status a. 1996-97 Mr. Duvall noted that East Bank Properties were in and all the notifications have been sent out. He also stated that the very last pieces of the Leeper Park nomination were still not in, but, that they should be in by this Wednesday. b. 1997-98 Mr. Duvall stated that the proposals were in, he then circulated a list of the proposals. Mr. Duvall suggested that the proposals be referred to the Executive Committee or the Budget Committee to go over the details of the proposals with him. Mr. Oxian noted that last year the proposals were put into the Executive Committee and should be done so again. The commission members agreed. Mr. Duvall stated that Dismas had invited the Commission to discuss the buildings National Register Nomination with their board last winter. The letter that was just received from them was sent as a confirmation of the Boards earlier action to request the Commissions assistance with the preparing of the nomination. Mr. Duvall suggested that this project be included in the 1997-98 grant as an in house project, do to the fact that all • of the grant money -has not been allocated. Mr. Talley moved to include the Dismas house in the DHPA grant cycle. Mrs. Hostetler seconded the motion. The motion passed unanimously. • c. 1998-99 - Tentative projects for application . Mr. Duvall called attention to the letter received from John Burkebile of the County Parks Department.in regards to the Studebaker Clubhouse. He noted the items indicated in - the letter that were to be repaired or replaced. Mr. Duvall stated that some of the items on the list would not be eligible ,for DHPA money. Mr. Duvall noted that the Parks Department were seeking the same funding that Water Works and the' Courthouse Corporation are after and,that all of them have asked the Commission to be a co -applicant. Mr. Oxian stated that now there would be one application for the city and two for the county. Mr. Duvall noted that it would be best to separate these requests and not combine them. 4. Blake Gardens Mr. Duvall noted that the Commission offered testimony at the DNR public hearing and that there was a letter written to the Army Corp of Engineers about the opposition of the permit. It is still unclear if there will be a public hearing for the Army Corp of Engineers. Mr. Duvall stated that there were about twenty speakers in opposition at the DNR hearing to discuss the environmental impact and some historical aspects. Mr. Sporleder interjected with the DNR's key points of concern. He further noted that the petitioner had elected not to reply publicly to the remonstrations, but, to submit his argument in writing and that remonstrators could also send in written comments with in the two weeks following the hearing. Mr. Sporleder stated that Michiana Water Shed did elect to send a written comment to the DNR. Mr. Duvall interjected that in addition to his verbal comments he too sent a letter and all the appendages to the DNR. 5. Olive School Mr. Duvall stated that he had attended a board meeting of the Michiana Academy for the Performing Arts, which is the present owner of the school building. His impression from the board meeting was that they were still trying to build their organization. Mr. Duvall noted that they have boarded the school and, are scrambling to find someone to patch the holes in the roof. There is another meeting of the board with in the month that Mr. Duvall will attend. There was some discussion of apartments possibly being built on Douglas road east of Grape that might be related to the' contractor working in Blake Gardens. Mr. Oxian mentioned the possibility that since the Blake Gardens project was going no where that it might be financially draining the builder. Mr. Sporleder noted that all of the opposition letters that were sent to the DNR were copied and the copies given to the Commission. VI. Old Business A. Acceptance of context studies Mr. Duvall noted that the Commission members should have had the context studies for at least a'month with the exception of Mr. Talley. He stated that the Commission needed to accept the studies so they could be sent to the DHPA. Mr. Oxian asked why Mr. Duvall had only noted one brick laying company on page . 10 of,the Brick Streets of South Bend context study. Mr. Oxian stated that if one company was mentioned then all of the companies should be mentioned. Mr. Duvall stated that what is included is what is.documented, those not included • simply had no documentation and thus were unknown to the writer. Mr. Duvall further noted that since the completion of the context study on brick streets he has found three short stretches of brick roads that had not been included. The missing streets include portions of Chestnut Street, Napier Street and Franklin Street. Mr. Oxian then referred to the fact that the maps that were attached to the back of the context study did not have legends. Mr. Talley asked if the staff had access to a color copier to create a color map and legend. Mr. Duvall responded that to get a color copy the staff would have to go to a copy center. Mrs. Hostetler noted that she could get color copies for Mr. Duvall. Mr. Oxian questioned why Lincolnway West was not in the study since it had originally been a brick street. Mr. Duvall stated that Lincolnway West was not in the study because it is not a remaining brick street, the context study only includes streets which are to date still paved with brick. Mr. Oxian then asked what figure two was representing. Mr. Duvall stated that figure two was only a point of reference of what the size of the city of South Bend was in 1910, which was the peek period of brick streets. Mr. Talley stated that there was a street that runs west off of Portage, the first south street from Lathrop Street right behind the monument company. Mr. Fine interjected that the street was Johnson. Mr. Talley continued that he noticed that for three blocks the curbs were all brick. Mr. Oxian asked what figure one signified. Mr. Duvall stated that it was a city map from 1898, which was originally in color, that shows the different types of paving materials used through out the city. Mr. Oxian asked if Mr. Duvall was sure that everything was listed concerning the New Deal in the context study about the New Deal in St. Joseph County. • Mr. Duvall stated that since receiving the finished study he has not found anything that he believes to be WPA that has not been included in the study. Mr. Oxian asked if the north side wall was included. Mr. Duvall said it was included in the study under parks and landscaping. Mr. Talley questioned the section that referred to Leeper Park and the Duck Pond as being WPA projects, he further stated that the Duck Pond was not WPA. Mr. Duvall stated that there was repair work done on the Duck Pond by the WPA. Mr. Wiener moved to accept the context studies on the Brick Streets of South Bend and the New Deal in St. Joseph County. Mr. Talley,, seconded the motion. The motion passed unanimously. J B. 828 East Jefferson - Local Landmark proposed Mr. Duvall noted that this item was continued •from last months special meeting. At that time there had been a conversation with David Weiss asking that the house not be landmarked in its present location. Mr. Weiss's fundamental problem was that he felt he did not have insurance concerning the buyer, Mr. Johnson. Mr. Duvall stated that Mr. Johnson said he -would be at the meeting tonight, but he did not show. The latest news Mr. Duvall has related to this situation is an unsigned letter of understanding that Mr. Johnson gave to him last Friday. Mr. Duvall stated that he has not heard from Mr. Weiss. Mr. Duvall noted that a letter was sent to Mr. Weiss informing him that per his request the item was held over to this meeting. Mr. Talley noted that something was going on at the lot at the corner of Jefferson and Eddy. Mr. Duvall stated that it appeared as though Mr. Johnson had changed his mind about moving to the lot on the corner of Jefferson and Eddy and was again thinking about moving the house to 216 S. St. Louis. Mr. Oxian moved to have the house tentatively recommended to the Council after two months period for landmarks status in the situation that was previously mentioned by Mrs. DeRose • concerning landmarking a house with out a lot and that if the house is to be moved by Mr. Johnson that thecommission specifically recommend that the house .be moved to 216 S. St. Louis. Mr. Talley asked if the motion was legal. Mr. Oxian responded that it was legal and that the Commission had received a letter from Mrs. DeRose stating this fact. Mr. Talley seconded the motion. The motion passed unanimously. VI. New Business Mr. Sporleder stated that the city was not coming through in regards to the. restoration of Leeper Park. Mr. Talley expressed concern over the possibility, of a bike path coming down his side of the river. Mr. Duvall, stated that the proposed path would be on the other side of the river and that Mr.-Sporleder' was referring to the proposed underpass that would make it safer to cross Michigan Street. There was some discussion over the location of the sidewalk. Mr. Duvall stated that he had a conversation with Phil St. Clair about the walk in which Mr. St. Clair stated that he did not have a real high priority for the walkway. Mr. Duvall also stated that he had sent a memo to Phil St. Clair and Carl Lattrell expressing the need to have someone start pushing the issue since the Commission can only approve things. Mr. Sporleder noted that Michiana Water Shed and other similar groups were considering preparing an application to include the St. Joseph River in the Heritage River Initiative and that they would like the help of the commission. Mr. Oxian stated that he had already mentioned to Mr. Duvall to investigate a way for the Commission to participate in this project. Mr. Duvall noted that • he had attended the meeting in Niles last weekend concerning this matter. VII. Hearing of Visitors Occurred during new business. VIII. Announcements and Miscellaneous Matters None. IX. Adjournment The meeting was adjourned at 9:50 p.m. 0 raw Crumlish and Crumlish Architects Inc. 8215 Sugar Maple Court, Suite B South Bend, Indiana 46628 219 - 282.2998 Fax 219-282-2994 �- WY4 1 `W X 1261 1A V-5-- L-A/ 1�7-Pt'46 -Fl�F Cohk,, . p.,7m- ,�,vg" PVOP- Staff Approved Certificates of Appropriatenesses L_J 1. 1997-0919 - 230 N. Michigan .. Plant bushes around pumps. 2. 1997-0924 - 1306 Lincolnway East Tear off and reroof in same material 3. 1997-1008-2 1704 E. Wayne Tear off and reroof in same material