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HomeMy WebLinkAboutAugust 1997• C] 0 AGENDA OF THE REGULAR MEETING of the HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION Regular monthly meeting County Commissioner's 7:30 p.m. Conference Room Monday, August 18 , 1997 7th Floor County City Bldg. I. Call to Order II. Roll Call III. Public Hearing A. Certificates of Appropriateness 1) 1615 East Wayne Street - window replacement 2) 1120 East Jefferson Blvd. - Brick Piers at sidewalk entry 3) 1091 Riverside Drive - Alteration of sidewalk pavement B. Second Reading Proposed Local Landmark Designations 1) 216 West Washington - Tower Bldg. 2) 514 West LaSalle Street - Eby House IV. Regular Business A. Approval of Minutes 1. July 28, 1997 B. Treasurer's Report C. Correspondence D. Committee Reports 1. Budget & Finance 2. Historic Districts a. Project Access 3. Historic Landmarks a. First Reading for Local Landmark designation 1) 1100 West Washington - Engman Natatorium b. Status of recommendations to Councils 1) 32132 S.R. 2, Olive Twp. - Studebaker Clubhouse/Bendix Woods 5. Standards & Maintenance E. Staff Reports 1. C of A Staff Approvals 2. Legal 1) Violation 60500 Breman Highway 3. DHPA Grant status a. 1996-97 b. 1997-98 4. Blake Gardens V. Old Business VI. New Business VII. Hearing of Visitors VIII. Announcements & Miscellaneous Matters IX. Adjournment I!I t O\m tti► 1 �7 S 1 O �j -- 1 - ----- - --- - - --- rz an- _ cam, -- - it ------ . CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS STAFF REPORT If • APPLICATION -- 1997-0723 PROPERTY -- 1615 East Wayne Street South Bend, IN OWNER -- William Hojnacki DESIGNATION -- EW-LHD RATING -- Contributing C/10 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE/HISTORIC CONTEXT Whitcomb & Keller built this H.R. Stapp designed Tudor Revival house in 1929. George & Betty Keller were the first owners in 1930 , residing there until 1932. George was manager of the insurance department of Whitcomb & Keller. Between 1933 and 1937,, Melvin H. Baer, a sales manager at Ries Furniture Company and his wife Lucille owned the house. George and Geraldine Green lived there during part of 1938. In 1938 the property was .purchased by F.W. and Mary Van Antwerp. Mr. Van Antwerp was president of First Bank & Trust Company and of the Associates Investment Company. PROPOSED CHANGE Applicant proposes to replace 15 of the existing industrial sash casement windows with new Eagle brand casement windows. The replacement windows are to retain the same muntin patterns 'as the original which vary by the size of the • window. The existing leaded glass windows at the first floor front are to'be unaffected. STANDARDS The Preservation Guidelines for East Wayne Street state: b) .... The Guidelines for the East Wayne Street District follow the Rehabilitation Model.... II.C.1 Required Original windows and doors ......shall be retained or when deteriorated beyond repair, replaced with units and trim resembling the original. II.C.2 Recommended ... If steel casement windows have to be replaced or removed, windows of similar size and style shall be used. RECOMMENDATION The existing windows.which are here proposed for replacement are of the steel industrial sash type which are common in the East Wayne Street District. These windows are known to be problematic for both maintenance and thermal efficiency. The guidelines for East Wayne Street took special note of these features as indicated above. At the location presently under consideration, the owner is not proposing replacement of the leaded glass casements located at the Living room which are important to reinforcing the character of the Tudor Revival Style in which this house is designed. However the owner has determined to replace the other more conventional windows in a manner consistent with the guidelines by • replacing the steel casement windows with clad wood casements, with muntin inserts corresponding to the existing muntin arrangements. CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS STAFF REPORT Ir • Staff is concerned that whereas the guidelines call for similarity of replacement material, some windows are arranged with a multi -paned operable sash below a fixed top pane. There is no straight -forward means of replicating this arrangement with the modules of the proposed window system which retains good visibilty and reasonably recreates the original window configuration. Staff recommends approval of this application. DBD 8/12/97 • it CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS STAFF REPORT r • APPLICATION -- 1997-0806 PROPERTY -- 1120 East Jefferson South Bend, IN OWNER -- John & Donna Freidline DESIGNATION -- EW-LHD RATING -- Outstanding 0/13 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE/HISTORIC CONTEXT This Neoclassical house was designed by architect H.R. Stapp, and built by Whitcomb and Keller in 1928. Richard Edward Baus bought the property from Whitcomb and Keller on December 28, 1928. Mr. Baus moved here from Chicago to accept the position of assistant to the vice president in charge of manufacturing at the Studebaker Corp. in 1928. In 1931 he became director of purchasing for the corporation but was forced to retire in 1942 due to bad health. Mr. Baus sold the property in 1936 to Walter H. and Joan J. Gale. Mr. Gale was a salesmen for-M.B. Skinner Co., a tool manufacturer located on Sample. The Gales did not actual reside at 1120 E. Jefferson until 1938 and by 1943 the house was used as a rental. The house was sold again in 1946 to Rosbro Realty Corp., who in turn sold it to Harry and Eva Rosenstein in 1948. PROPOSED CHANGE • Applicant proposes to install two pillars at the front walk entrance, per the documentation submitted.The two pillars will consist of concrete, brick and limestone with a cement urn atop each that matches the urn design in the houses shudders. STANDARDS The Preservation Guidelines for East Wayne Street state: b) .... The Guidelines for the East Wayne Street District follow the Rehabilitation Model.... I.B.2 Recommended New site work should be based upon actual knowledge of the past appearance of the property found in photographs, drawings, and newspaper. New site work should also be appropriate to existing surrounding site elements in scale, type and appearance. RECOMMENDATION The perimeter of this site is presently articulated by a high hedge as is common if not typical for properties located on Jefferson.Blvd. The applicants propose to further define this hedge at the point where the pedestrian entry walk meets the public sidewalk by the construction of brick entry posts flanking the private walk. Like the hedge itself, this termination of the hedge at points of entry is common, if not typical of this vicinity. The posts defining the entry point will stabilize the edge of growth which presently encroaches into the path. The proposal is consistent with other nearby site development and Staff recommends approval. • DBD 8/12/97 9, r rr r IV r ` tea. OL CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS STAFF REPORT APPLICATION -- 1997-0806-3 PROPERTY -- 1091 Riverside Drive • South Bend, IN OWNER -- Brian & Ruth Crumlish DESIGNATION -- RD-LHD RATING -- Outstanding 0/13 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE/HISTORIC CONTEXT According to the abstract the land was bought by A. Coquillard in 1833 from the Indians and then proceeded to be passed through the hands of many well-known residents, including Reuben Burroughs, minister and brother to Ricketson. Shortly before 1902 members of the Miller family bought up much of the river property. They then formed the Portage Land Company and began selling the land as relatively small lots. The present house is typical of the Prairie School and was designed by Ernest Young and believed to have been built shortly before 1910 by Thaddeus M. Talcott Jr., a prominent attorney and U.S. Commissioner who lived there through 1926. PROPOSED CHANGE Applicant proposes to remove all of the concrete walk along the side of the driveway and replace it with brick to match the rest of the driveway, per the documentation submitted. STANDARDS • The Preservation Guidelines for Lincolnway East state: b) .... The Guidelines for the Lincolnway East District follow the Rehabilitation Model.... I.B.1 Required :...walkway.... which reflect the property history and development shall be retained. I.B.2 Recommended New site work should be based upon actual knowledge of the past appearance of the -property found in photographs, drawings and newspapers. New site work should also be appropriate to existing surrounding site elements in scale, type and appearance. I.B.3 Prohibited No changes may be made to the appearance of the site by removing old plants... walkways.... and other elements before evaluating their importance to the property's history and development. RECOMMENDATION Sections of the concrete sidewalk which is proposed for replacement are badly deteriorated. Other sections are reasonably sound. The subject walkway was probably not original to the house as another walk connects the' street to the front door while this walk acts as an edge of driveway pavement which is brick. The owners propose to remove this concrete and replace it with new paving of btick tied into the existing driveway pavement. The new pavement is consistent with the adjacent driveway paving and will not adversely affect the historic character of the house or site. Staff recommends approval. • DBD 8/12/97 E 11 c-)Pls; �-Vopo �JnCN/l �Udvc-)D ref �,C�� .��! .err ,o , , ,,.j -�.`� , ..�..�--.. Lk7 _4�r� , r BUILDING & LOAN ASSOCIATION. of SOUTH BEND PROPOSED LOCAL LANDMARK 216 WEST WASHINGTON STREET SOUTH BEND, INDIANA 0 Historic Preservation Commission of South Bend and St. Joseph County August, 1997 • r - 3 0 �� • 216 W. Washington (Tower Building) HISTORICAL CONTEXT This property is located on the south side of W. Washington Street, between S. Lafayette and S. Main in downtown South Bend, Indiana. It is described as 48' E. Lot 258 of Original Plat South Bend. The properties earliest known- owners were James Oliver II, Gertrude Cunningham, Charles Cunningham, Joseph D. Oliver and S. Catherine Oliver. On February 27, 1920 the owners sold the property to the Building and Loan Association of South Bend for one dollar and other valuable considerations. The Building and Loan Association of South Bend was incorporated on June 26, 1882 with the signatures of fifty men. The object and purpose of the Association was to accumulate funds through the use of by monthly contributions, fines, premiums on loans, interest - on investments, to enable the stock holders to build or purchase for themselves dwelling houses or other such real estate as they may deem advantageous. The Association announced on September 9, 1928 that they were erecting a $300,00.00 building at 216 W. Washington. The architecture was to be Commercial Gothic with twelve stories, making it the first building' in South Bend to reach the height limit set by South Bend building code. The building was designed by local architects Austin and Shambleu and built by H.G. Christman and Company. The twelve story, fire proof, steel framed building was opened to the public on December 27, 1929. The building stayed under the ownership of the Association until 1972 when it was purchased by the Tower Federal Savings and Loan Association, which could possibly have been the same Association only with a different • name. The building is now owned by E III Holdings Ltd. Liability Co., who purchased it in 1995. ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION The building is a twelve story Commercial Gothic type designed by Austin ,& Shambleau. The structure is approximately 24 feet in width from East to West and is square by design.- The foundation is made of concrete, the framing is steel and it has a flat roof with a parapet around it and a cut stone cap. The walls- have five bays across the main facade, engaged corner columns, decorated panels and an exterior covered with marble and terra cotta. There is a perpendicular style false porch projecting from the second floor. The entry doors are triple leaf bronze with bronze decorated spandrel and elaborate Gothic motifs. The windows are plain double hung metal 1/ls. Additional features consist of Gargoyles on three corners of the eleventh floor and the building boasts automatically controlled elevators. On October 10, 1929 Westinghouse multi -colored flood lights were used to illuminate the building. RECOMMENDATION Based on the Historic -Preservation Commission's Local Landmarks Criteria as • adopted by the County Council, the building at 216 West Washington has been recommended to the Historic Preservation Commission for designation as a Local Historic Landmark by its Historic Landmarks Committee. • • The site meets the'criteria in at least four areas: 1.) Its character, interest and value as part of the development , heritage, or culture of the city of South Bend, St. Joseph County, the state of Indiana , or the United States of America. 2.) Its embodiment of elements of architectural design, detail, materials, or craftsmanship which represents an architectural characteristic or innovation. 3.) Its educational value. 4.) Its suitability for preservation. 5.) Its identification with the life of a person or persons of historical significance. The building fulfills criteria #1 as an early example of a multi -storied commercial structure. It is a prime example of the growth of South Bend's business community, being associated with the oldest Building and Loan Association in Northern Indiana. The Association has a long rich history with South Bend and its people. The building fulfills criteria #2 as the. only example of Commercial Gothic style high rise architecture in the city. The building is rated' an outstanding thirteen in the Indiana Historic Sites and Structures Inventory and is currently listed in the National Register.. Its design is the work of Austin & Shambleau, the city's premier architectural firm of the era. The building fulfills criteria #3 by its prominent location and the attendant accessibility to the public and its unique character and design. The building fulfills criteria #4 by the integrity of its original construction with few if any exterior alterations. Staff finds that the building meets the criteria for designation as a Local Landmark and recommends that the commission sent such a recommendation to the Common Council. DBD 8/11/97 • FRANK & ANNA EBY HOUSE PROPOSED LOCAL LANDMARK 514 LASALLE STREET SOUTH BEND, INDIANA Historic Preservation Commission of South Bend and St. Joseph County August, 1997 • • L_J HISTORICAL CONTEXT This property is located on the south .East corner of W. LaSalle and North Taylor, South Bend, Indiana. The property was platted in 1831 as Bank Lot number seven. The lots earliest known owner was Jacob S. Kerner. He sold the lot and the house that stood on it .to A. Frank Eby and his wife Anna M. in 1904 for $7,500.00. The-Ebys immediately after purchasing the lot had the existing house torn down and began constructing the house that is presently on the site. A. Frank Eby was born'April 16, 1856 in Lebanon County, Pennsylvania. He married Anna M. in Lebanon on May 28, 1878. Shortly after the ceremony they moved to Elkhart, Indiana where Frank got a job as a representative of the Singer Sewing Machine Company. By November 25, 1892 Frank Eby became associated with Armour & Co., the meat packing firm of Chicago. He began working for the company's South Bend branch as a car router and is said to be responsible for the first 'car routing in the United States. Frank was promoted to branch manager in 1893, eventually becoming dean of Armour Credit Supervisors. Mr. Eby and Mrs. Eby had no children, but, they.managed to keep busy through social and community organizations. Mrs. Anna M. Eby died Aug. 28. 1917 in their home at 514 LaSalle of a prolonged illness. Mr.. Eby remarried in 1920 to Eva M. Tuck. A. Frank Eby devoted his life to his community. He was a well known businessman, .the president of the Chamber of Commerce, treasurer of all the Scottish Rite bodies, a member of the Board of Control of the Masonic Temples and Rotarian and an Elk. The stress of such an active life finally caught up to Frank forcing him to retire on July 2, 1927. Mr. Eby died of a heart attack on June 27, 1928 while serving as foreman of the Federal Grand Jury. The services were held in his.home at 514 LaSalle. Eva Eby moved out of the house in 1929 leaving it vacant for a year. She then sold it to Charles J. Druliner in 1931. Mr. Druliner resided there for six years, then selling the house to Mrs. Sarah A. Sweeney in 1937. Mrs. Sweeney died in 1941, but, the house remained in the Sweeney family until 1963. After 1963 the house went through a series of owners and is currently owned by John J. & Shirley A. Dougherty,.who bought the house from Terry Rickert in 1987. ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION The house is a two story plus attic Queen Anne type, which was constructed with a wood frame, over hanging second floor and clapboard and shingle siding. The roof has a center gable and a small hipped extension projecting off the back, box molded cornice with a line below 3-2 and is covered in interlocking asphalt shingles. The chimney is brick and flush to the first floor and interior through the second and third floor with decorative brick chimney work at the top. The windows are all the double sash type that are hung from top hinges. The house also contains many decorative windows such .as the wood framed stained glass panel window in the back wall, the leaded glass design in the transom over the front window and the first floor side lights. One of • the main features of the house is its front porch which has a brick base, wood slat floor', wood spindle balustrade and brick pedestals that support short • Doric columns. It also has a plain entablature and a dentilated frieze pediment over the front entrance. RECOMMENDATION Based on the Historic Preservation Commission's Local Landmarks Criteria as adopted by the County Council, the potions of the site at 216 West Washington has been recommended to the Historic Preservation Commission for designation as a Local Historic Landmark by the County Council. The building meets the criteria in at,least three areas: 1.) Its embodiment of elements of architectural design, detail, materials, or craftsmanship which represents an architectural characteristic or innovation. 2.) Its suitability for preservation. 3.) Its identification with the life of a person or persons of historical significance. The building fulfills criteria #1 as an excellent example of turn of the century single family Queen Anne style house. Its architectural design is apparent in its use of box molded, cornices, dentilated frieze, pediment, shingle siding, clap boards and columned front porch. The building is rated an Outstanding thirteen in the Indiana Historic Sites and Structures Inventory. The building fulfills criteria #2 by the integrity 'of its original construction with only minor alterations. The building fulfills criteria #3 by its association with prominent businessman A. Frank Eby. He was a well known and respected man of South Bend and responsible for the first car routing in the United States. Staff finds that the building meets the criteria for designation as a Local Landmark and recommends that the commission so recommend the building to the common council for such designation. DBD 8/11/97 • 46 • MINUTES OF THE REGULAR MEETING of the HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION Special Monthly Meeting County Commissioner Is �Iongapy'�uly 28, 1997 7th Floor County-Cityeguild°ng I. Call to Order John Oxian, president of the commission, brought the meeting to order at 7:35 p.m. II. Roll Call Commission members present were: John Borkowski, Adrian Fine, Catherine Hostetler, John Oxian, Edward Talley, Joann Sporleder & Jerry Wiener. Commission staff present was: David Duvall, director and Rhonda Saunders, administrative assistant. Also attending the meeting were: John T. O'Brien, Alice McLane, Jerry Hubner and Melinda Hubner. III. Public Hearing A. Certificates of Appropriateness 1) 1997-0625-2, 1029 Hudson Avenue - replace existing shingle roof and install four 22" x 47" Velux roof windows. • Mr. Duvall presented the Staff Report and distributed photographs and product literature. He noted that the applicant was present. Mr. Duvall stated that the replacement of the roof shingles constituted an in-kind replacement and could be approved by staff. He, furthermore, went on to reccommend that the roof windows be relegated behind the dormer on the north side and/or behind the jog in the roof on the south side. There was some discussion to clearify the roof line and Mr. O'Briens intentions to make the attic living space. Mr. Talley moved to approve the application based on staffs recommendations. Mrs. Hostetler seconded the motion. The motion was approved unanimously. 2) 1997-0701, 1202 Lincolnway East - Metal roofing and Miscellaneous repairs of carriage house. Mr. Duvall presented the Staff Report and distributed photographs and product information. Mr. Duvall stated that the shoring up of the carriage house instituted an in-kind replacement and could be approved by staff. He further stated that the intention to install metal roofing may be seen as conflicting with the recommendations found in the guidelines. However, in this case it is acceptable due to the failing of the structure and its need to have a lighter roof load to deter any future problems. There was some discussion of the commonness of metal roofs on in city buildings. Mrs. Sporleder pointed out that the shingles on the roof were in a diagonal diamond pattern that was particular to the South Bend area. Mr. Duvall again stated that in order to save the .structure it was necessary to lighten the roof. Mr. Oxian stated that if nothing was done there would be no building. Mr. Talley questioned if by approving this major alteration if the commission wouldn't be setting a precedent for future cases. Mr. Oxian suggested that if they make a motion • that this type of alteration would only be allowed for this specific building due to its deterioration, listing, and possible demolition if nothing is done. Mr. Talley questioned if the commission approved the alteration to the carriage house roof would it be setting a precedent for future applications.or has the commission' made other such desicions in the past. Mr. Oxian replied that the commission had on special occasions approved unusual requests.' Mrs. A • Sporleder indicated that she wasn't convinced that a metal roof would be lighter then the existing shingle roof and she felt that the metal roof would be more expensive then' -the conventional shingle roof. Mr. Duvall stated that with the differences in material and construction needs the metal roof would be far lighter then the conventional roof. Mr. Borkowski noted when he hada metal roof placed on his pole barn that its price was comparative with that of the cost of a shingle roof. There was much discussion over the current state of dilapidation for which the entire structure was in and its over all construction. Mr. Hubner interjected that the figures the owners had, showed a definite weight difference in favor of the metal roof. He also showed concern that if something wasn't done soon the building would be lost. Mr. Fine moved to approve the application per the staff recommendation. Mr. Borkowski seconded the motion. Mrs. Sporleder requested that there be more information on the actual weight differential. She also felt that replacing the roof with a metal roof was too much of a change and took away from the buildings integrity. The motion passed with 6 yes votes and 1 no vote, that being Joann Sporleder. 3) 1997-0709 - 1501 East Wayne Street - Remove and fill in rear pantry door covering the outside with lattice work that matches the existing porch lattice. Mr. Duvall presented the staff report and circulated photographs. He noted that the applicant was present. There was some clarification as to which door was under question. Mrs. McLane further explained their need to close in this door. Mr. Oxian suggested the applicant simply leave the door inside and wall • around it so that the door is there if any future owner wishes to use it. McLane explained that the doors hardware protruded past the interior walls and would prohibit them from making the wall flush. Mr. Oxian stated that the hinges and knob could be removed and stored and the door could be wedged into place. McLane noted that they would not have a problem with encasing the door. There was some discussion over possible future maintenance problems and rotting that could occur by leaving the door _there. Mr. Talley noted that his transom that was encased for years rotted. Mr. Wiener moved to approve the application as applied and later, after further discussion, amended his motion by requesting the door be left in place and encased with lattice work on the exterior side. Mr. Fine seconded the amended motion. The motion passed unanimously. 4) 1997-0714 - 1208 Lincolnway East - placement of a business sign in front yard. Mr. Duvall presented the Staff Report and circulated photographs. He noted that the applicant was present. After some discussion about the size and location of the sign Mr. Talley moved to approve the application. Mr. Borkowski seconded the motion. The motion passed unanimously. 5) 1997-0715 - 713 West LaSalle - Erect a front & rear yard fence. Mr. Duvall presented the Staff Report and circulated photographs and product literature. Mr. Fine moved to approve application, per staff recommendation. Mr. Talley seconded the motion. Mrs. Sporleder questioned if the motion included the privacy fence in the backyard. The motion passed unanimously. Mr. Duvall interjected that the commission may want to look at the guideline • prohibiting front yard fences as it is in direct conflict with the first guideline that it should be true to context. Front yard picket fences were found to be very prevalent in the concerned time era. Mr. Talley expressed similar concern over these inconsistencies. Mr. Oxian stated that the commission could vote to change the guidelines. There was some discussion over city ordinances that pertained to fences. Mr. Oxian suggested I that a A, • change in the landmark standards be written so the commission could approve it. 6) 1997-07I16- 557 River Avenue - Reconstruct back porch roof and wall it in with lattice work. Mr.. Duvall presented the Staff Report and circulated photographs and drawings. There was a correction pertaining to the local historic district the house was in. Mr. Oxian questioned if there was going to be a door put in the new structure. He stated that the door should be part of the motion. Mr. Duvall mentioned that in a conversation he had with the applicant that the applicant had not decided if he wanted to put up screen mesh along the inside of the lattice. Mr. Oxian noted that the commission should recommend that the concrete steps be rehabilitated. Mr. Oxian moved to approve per the documentation submitted and that the screen door be added. Mrs. Hostetler seconded the motion. Mrs. Sporleder asked what type of indication was there that this structure may have been there before. Mr. Duvall indicated scarring on the existing back porch. Mr. Fine asked if the motion shouldn't include what material the screen door be made of and if the lattice work was going to be framed in. Mr. Oxian amended his motion to include a wood screen door and a recommendation to have the lattice framed in. The motion passed unanimously. 7) 1997-0725 - 8300 Cleveland Road, Tutt Cemetery - Rededicate row 7, graves. 1,2,3,4, with new headstone while also retaining the originals. Mr. Duvall announced a last minute Certificate 'of Appropriateness. He • circulated photographs and product literature and briefly discussed the applicants intentions. There was some discussion of the new stones dimension and shape. Mr. Oxian suggested that a recommendation be made that they repair the original stones. He said that Kay monuments could do, such work. Mr. Talley moved to approve the application as submitted with a recommendation to repair the old stones. Mr. Borkowski seconded the motion. The motion passed unanimously. IV. Regular Business A. Approval of Minutes 1. May 19, 1997 Mr. Duvall stated that these minutes were not approved at the June meeting due to two corrections which have since been changed. 2. June 16, 1997 and June 30, 1997 Mr. Oxian noted the last paragraph and last sentence on the first page of the June 20th meeting, "He suggested"..., was a comment given to him that he did not make. Mr. Fine moved to approve the corrected minutes. Mrs. Hostetler seconded the motion. The motion passed unanimously. B. Treasurer's Report Mr. Wiener circulated copies of the Treasurer's report (see appendages) and expressed that he had not been able to meet with Mr. Duvall to discuss these figures. Mr. Wiener, stated that there is an estimated $3000.00 left with out • designated spending areas. The auditor is again accruing receipts into our accounts, so that will help in the future. Mr. Duvall noted that by the time the consultants are paid and the current projects 'closed there would not be much of the $3000.00 left. He also stated that there should be approximately $1900.00 left from the block grant used for the administrative assistant that can be allocated to a project. Mr. Duvall stated that he has used some of the • block grant funds to pay the DHPA Consultants. Mr. Oxian suggested that they have a meeting to discuss the carry over 'situation,, that being currently nothing carries over. Mr.Duvall noted that we have not asked for a nonreverting fund, we have asked to be made a separate entity (separate budget) as opposed to a line item. Mr. Oxian sent a letter requesting the reestablishment of the $10,000.00 matching grant fund with the county. Mrs. Sporleder moved to accept the report. Mr. Fine seconded the motion. The motion passed unanimously. C. Correspondence Mr. Duvall indicated that the office had received an emergency response tool. These tools cost about $6.00 a piece and he though it might be something worth acquiring . D. Committee Reports 1. Budget & Finance Was already covered in the Treasurer's report. 2. Historic Districts Mr. Duvall noted that Mrs. Choitz met with the East Wayne Liaison Committee last Wednesday night. They solicited changes in their guidelines, one was for the elimination of front yard fence and the second was for reorganizing the selection of the liaison committee. Mr. Duvall -stated that he had discussed protocol with Area Planning for having them initiate a new historic district for us. Currently an historic district can be initiated by a petition of the is owners, by the Area Plan Commission or by the Common Council. His sense from the Area Plan Commission was that they don't really want to expend the time and they felt that the owners of the proposed South St. Joseph District would not put together a petition. The protocol when the Area Plan Commission entertains a change of zoning is that they notify the neighborhood, then hold at least two neighborhood meetings. If there is positive support then they would initiate the rezoning. The Area Planning Commission feels that HPC should be the ones to make the step to notify the neighborhood. Mr. Duvall noted that the commission itself can not initiate the ordinance. Mr. Oxian observed that the commission had to convince the Common Council to introduce the ordinance. He then noted that the Commission and the City, have been saying for years that the South St. Joseph area should be saved. He also expressed the fear that if something wasn't done soon to protect this area that it would disappear and go commercial. He feels the only way to get the ball rolling will be to go through the Council. Mr. Oxian stated that this was a good opportunity to put together new tYPes of standards for the district. 3. Historic Landmarks Mr. Oxian noted that he was postponing 629 LaSalle Street, per the owners request. Mr. Oxian also stated that he wants to bring up the Natatorium for first reading for LandMark designation maybe by next month. 4. Standards & Maintenance Mr. Fine reported that the application made for 1325 East Wayne concerning the construction of a rear deck, which the commission had previously sent to . committee for evaluation, had been approved unanimously by the committee. Then he circulated a summarization of the meeting and the motion that denied 1615 East Wayne Streets application to replace existing steel case windows with new wood casement windows. Mr. Oxian noted that everyone needed to read the summarization, due to the fact that the applicant had reapplied and will be up for review again in next months meeting. Mr. Fine explained that the reason the committee made the final, • decision was because they were running out of time and the applicant had not waived the 45 day limit. Mrs. Hostetler stated that it appears in the Applicants letters as though he has already purchased the replacement windows. Mrs. Sporleder wanted it known that the reason she voted against the motion to deny the application was because she felt the applicant had met the requirements by getting windows that were similar to the original in size and style. She also believed that he thought he had come as close as possible to the originals and thus meeting what he thought the requirements of the guidelines were . Mrs. Sporleder felt that the commission and committee had interpreted the standards in an extremely narrow way. Mr. Talley suggested that the committee had interpreted the first_ requirement, which is that the windows had to be deteriorated beyond repair before they are removed, as the most important requirement and that they felt it had not been met. He further stated that this, plus the applicants negative attitude, caused an inability to work together. Mr. Oxian suggested that Mrs. Sporleder put her point of view on paper so the entire commission could have it to look over and consider so, all the angles are covered. There was some discussion as to whether the committee should have final decision. Mr. Duvall restated Mr. Oxians view that the final decisions on an application should come back to the commission and that the committees are simply there to give advice to the .commission. Mr. Talley moved to approve the committees recommendations for 1325 East Wayne Street. Mr. Oxian seconded the motion. The motion passed with one opposing vote by Joann Sporleder. E. Staff Reports 1. Mr. Duvall reported the following C of A Staff approval: a. 1614 East Wayne - in-kind roofing replacement. There was some discussion over liaison committees and an inactive chairmen of a particular liaison committee and the fact the guidelines were not being distributed. Mr.Oxian noted 'that if Mr. Talley and Patty came together they could impeach the chairmen. 2. There was no Legal to report ' 3. DHPA Grants Mr. Duvall reported that he had forwarded the current National Register Nomination to the State Historical Preservation Office. They had not placed those on their agenda for the July meeting. He noted that the final version of the Leeper Park Nomination had been received and it will be prepared for review in the October meeting. However, the commission has not received final product on East Bank area multiple property nomination. The Preservation office has extended the grant agreement until they can close out the projects. Mr. Duvall stated that the RFPs have not been sent out as of yet and that the application packets for the coming 1998-1999 fiscal year had just arrived in the mail. He noted that the activities for -this grant need to be referred to a committee. Such activities consist of the County Survey that had been partially funded. Mr. Duvall also noted that the DHPA had added St. Joseph County as a preferred County -for selection criteria. Second activity is the need to repair the windows at the North Pumping Station. A third activity was . suggested by Karen Kiemnec, to prepare a development grant application to somehow 'apply it to 'the Courthouse's budget. These are large dollar amount projects and a decision has'to be made as to what gets priority. 4. Blake Gardens Mr. Duvall spoke with the Army Corp. of Engineers, who said there has been an application received. He was' told that they were anticipating the public . notification soon. There was some discussion over if there would be a public hearing or not. V. Old Business Mrs. Sporleder noted that she had been asked what had happened to the Darden Road Bridge Historic plaque which was stolen a few years ago . Henry Kueltjes had told her he knew who had it and that he would, get it back for it to be dedicated. Mr. Duvall remarked that the plaque is still not there and that he has had discussions with engineers about possibly making another. Mrs. Sporleder stated she would get with Mr. Kueltjes and hopefully track it down. Mr. Duvall noted that Darden Bridge had been closed again due to faulty guardrail construction. Mr. Oxian stated that he should do a verbal follow up to make sure it was getting repaired. VI. New Business There was no new business. VII. Hearing of Visitors No visitors wished to speak beyond their Certificate of Appropriateness applications. VIII. Announcements & Miscellaneous Matters none IX. Adjournment • The meeting was adjourned at 9:45 p.m. 0 historicpreservation commission on 0 of south bend and st. joseph county ROOM 1123 COUNTY CITY BUILDING south bend, indiana 46601 (219) 235-9798 STAFF APPROVALS 1). 1997-0728 1325 East Wayne owner Roland Felly Removal of a dead Hickory Tree in the backyard 2). 1997-0725 1027 East Wayne owner Philip Schatz In -Kind replacement of roof and repair of chimney approved 7/28/97 3). 1997-0806-2 1120 East Jefferson owner John Freidline In -Kind repair of fron entrance brick walk way 4). 1997-0806-3 1091 Riverside Dr. owner Brian Crumlish Remove 2 dead Silver Maples from yard and replace them with Maples. Also remove and not replace a Mulberry. 5) 1997-0812 1093 Riverside Drive owner Marsha Stevenson In -Kind Replacement, removal of a dead Silver Maple in front yard and replacing it with a Sugar Maple. CJ THE NEW DEAL IN ST. JOSEPH COUNTY. INDIANA Context Prepared for the Historic Preservation Commission of South Bend and St. Joseph County I• Glory—June Greiff June 1997 U THE NEW DEAL IN ST. JOSEPH COUNTY Glory -June Greiff After suffering through three years of the Great Depression, in 1932 the American people eagerly listened to a man who offered them a "new deal" and swept Franklin D. Roosevelt into the presidency. Immediately after his inauguration in March 1933, Roosevelt began to effect several innovative battle plans to fight the depression and restore the health of the nation's economy. With his advisors, Roosevelt.created numerous "alphabet agencies" that launched a mind-boggling number of programs during the administration's first one hundred days. Overcoming the multiplicity of problems facing the United States in the midst of 0 depression required a variety of imaginative tactics involving relief, recovery, and reform, the "three R's" of the New Deal.' Many influences combined to produce various programs of the New Deal. For example. in the midst of a demoralizing depres- sion, the need to increase public recreational facilities seemed more acute because of the abundance of forced leisure time during lengthy periods of unemployment. Still popular was the notion of the restorative power of the (Treat outdoors. accompanied by ' Works abound. both primary and secondary. explaining and interpreting the New Deal and its plethora of programs. Still among the best and most readable is Arthur M. Schlesinger. Jr.'s The Aae of Roosevelt (three volumes to date), which unfortunately takes the reader only through the election of 1936. Published by the Houghton Mifflin Company of Boston, the individual volumes are The Crisis of the Old Order (1957), The Coming of the New Deal (1959), and The Politics of Upheaval (1960). Another useful work is Frank Freidel. Franklin D. Roosevelt: Launchina the New Deal (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1973). Among the best primary sources, albeit brief, is Arthur Meier Schlesinger [Sr.], The New Deal in Action (New York: Macmillan Company, 1940). 0 continually growing public inter -est in active pursuits in open spaces. Related to outdoor recreation were numerous programs to give city dwellers, especially children and youth. opportunities for healthful exercise, sports participation, and various arts and crafts programs. All these needs might be met with sweeping plans for park development, which figured in a number of early New Deal programs. The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) provided for employment on many such projects at state and local levels, including St. Joseph County. Among the most comprehensive solutions the New Deal offered was the Civilian Conservation Corps. which shored up the earliest of the New Deal programs; its dual mission consisted of getting jobless youth off the streets and conserving and restor- ing the nation's natural resources.' On March 21, 1933, President Roosevelt sent a message to Congress proposing "to create a Civilian Conservation Corps to be used in simple work, not interfering with normal employment, and confining itself to forestry, the prevention of soil erosion. flood control, and similar projects. . . . More important, however. than the material gains, will be the moral and spiritual value of such I The papers of FDR pertaining to conservation have been compiled into two volumes by Edgar D. Nixon, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Conservation, 1911-1945 (Hyde Park: Franklin D. Roosevelt Library, 1957). See also John C. Paige, The Civilian Conservation Coros and the National Park Service, 1933-1942: An. Administrative History (Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1985), 3-6, and A.L. Riesch-Oweh, Conservation Under FDR. (New York: Praeger Books, 1983). nationwide conservation movement and addressed the crucial is problem of unemployment at the same time. The CCC wasamong the earliest of the New Deal programs; its dual mission consisted of getting jobless youth off the streets and conserving and restor- ing the nation's natural resources.' On March 21, 1933, President Roosevelt sent a message to Congress proposing "to create a Civilian Conservation Corps to be used in simple work, not interfering with normal employment, and confining itself to forestry, the prevention of soil erosion. flood control, and similar projects. . . . More important, however. than the material gains, will be the moral and spiritual value of such I The papers of FDR pertaining to conservation have been compiled into two volumes by Edgar D. Nixon, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Conservation, 1911-1945 (Hyde Park: Franklin D. Roosevelt Library, 1957). See also John C. Paige, The Civilian Conservation Coros and the National Park Service, 1933-1942: An. Administrative History (Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1985), 3-6, and A.L. Riesch-Oweh, Conservation Under FDR. (New York: Praeger Books, 1983). work. Ten days later Roosevelt signed the bill creating the CCC.. The project was called Emergency Conservation Work (ECW), but the president's original name for its youthful workers immediately captured the fancy of the public, the press, and the participants. Initially, any unemployed young man aged eighteen to twenty-five and unmarried could sign up for a six-month hitch with options to reenlist for up to two years. A great many did. The age limits shifted numerous times during the length of the CCC's existence. but always hovered a few _years on either side of twenty-one. The government paid the enrollees thirty dollars a month, and required that they send twenty-five of that home to their families." • Another significant product of Roosevelt's hectic first one hundred clays was federal legislation creating the wide-ranging Federal Emergency Relief Administration. At first the majority Franklin D. Roosevelt, "Message to 73rd Congress, March 21, 1933," in Samuel I. Rosenman, ed., The Year of Crisis, 1933, Vol. 2 of The Public Papers and Addresses of Franklin D. Roosevelt (New York: Random.House, 1938), 80. 'q See FDR Official Files (O.F.) 268: Civilian Conservation Corps, Container 1 (1933), Franklin D. Roosevelt Library, Hyde Park, New York 12538 (hereafter cited as FDR Library). This box contains numerous documents that explain in detail the roles of the various government departments, as well as the scope. frequently amended during its first months. of the CCC. Many published sources are available on the CCC: among the more valuable (albeit subjective) ones written during the New Deal years are James J. McEntee, Now They Are Men: The Story of the CCC (Washington, D.C.: National Home Library Foundation. 1940), and Ray Hoyt. "We Can Take It": A Short Story of the CCC (New York: .American Book Company, 1935). Probably the best secondary study is John A. Salmond, The Civilian Conservation Corps, 1933- • 1942: A New Deal Case Study (Durham: Duke University Press. 1967). See also Perry H. Merrill. Roosevelt's Forest Army: A History of the Civilian Conservation Corps, 1933-1942 (Montpelier, Vt.: Merrill, 1981). • of the agency's' funds were expended on direct relief programs because of the scope of the eme-rcTency and immediacy of need. But FERA director Harry L. Hopkins set up a rudimentary work relief program under its umbrella, a step toward his none -too -secret goal of a broad-based program that would. provide appropriate jobs for all manner of unemployed workers. Hopkins soon became the, director of the Civil Works Administration (CWA), a true work relief program initiated in the fall of 1.933 to provide Jobs over the coming winter. Discontinued the following spring. the short. - lived CWA nonetheless left a legacy of scattered structures throughout the country.5 In St. Joseph County, quite a lot was accomplished under the CWA banner, including initial development • of Rose Park and Laing Park in Mishawaka and construction of the stone wall in front of Ardmore School. Projects were originated at the local, state, and sometimes the federal level. An example of a state CWA project in St. Joseph County was the improvement of Bendix Airport (virtually nothing has survived subsequent decades of modernization).-, Yet another significant result of the first few months of Roosevelt's administration was the Public Works Administration (PWA) that provided grant funds for large-scale public construction, such as waterworks. sewer systems and treatment For an explanation of work relief programs from their chief advocate, see Harry L. Hopkins, SDendincr to Save: the Complete Story of Relief (New York: W.W. Norton, 1936). • "State's Own CWA Airport Program," South Bend Tribune, 27 December 1933; "CWA Carries On Projects," South Bend "tribune, 25 January 1934; "Wall Built at Ardmore School." South Bend Tribune, 6 April 1934. • plants, high schools. and hospital additions. Three of Indiana's courthouses (Shelbyville, Covington, and Kokomo) were constructed with PWA funding. The federal government would provide up to 45 percent of the construction costs; the money could be used for planning, materials, equipment, or labor --PWA was not a relief agency. Headed by Secretary of the Interior Harold Ickes, the concept behind PWA was a sort of "trickle—down" theory: providing funds for large building projects would stimulate other industries that produced the necessary materials, and thus provide work in manufacturing as well as a myriad of construction jobs. Several schools in St. Joseph County were constructed or gained large additions through PWA projects, and both South Bend • and Mishawaka made great improvements in their water and sewer systems with PWA funds. When the federal government created the Works Progress Administration in 1935, the two agencies were much confused by the public and, not infrequently. local government officials and newspaper reporters, mostly because of the overlap in funding public works and the similarity of initials. In the same election that. ushered Roosevelt into the presidency, the people of Indiana in 1932 elected Democrat Paul V. McNutt to the governorship. Taking office in January 1933, more than two months before his national counterpart, McNutt immediately set out to restructure the state ctovernment. Among other things, he established, under director Wayne Coy, the • Governor's Commission on Unemployment Relief (GCUR), which created a framework for receiving, administering, and distributing statewide the benefits of federal relief and work programs soon to come under the New Deal." In May 1933, scarcely more than a month after President Roosevelt had signed the bill creating Emergency Conservation Work, Hoosiers acquired their first CCC camp in Morgan -Monroe State Forest. under the United States Department of Agriculture. By the end of 1933, nineteen CCC camps were in operation in Indiana. The peak number of camps in Indiana was fifty-six. reached in 1935. In that year there were two thousand CCC enrollees at work in state parks alone. In all. the CCC employed nearly 64,000 Indiana men in the nine years of its existence." In Indiana, as in most of the nation, each of the military - style CCC camps had a designated number. Each camp housed one company (generally about two hundred men), which had a number assigned when it first formed. When work was completed in a particular location, usually the entire company unit would move to another camp, sometimes even to one in another state. Companies and camps were racially segregated.`' -' One of the few published sources available on Indiana during the New Deal is Madison, Indiana Through Tradition and Chanqe. Chapters 3 through 5 specifically deal with the government and politics of the 1930s in Indiana. '' DenUyl, "History of the Civilian Conservation Corps." Indiana Academy of Science, Proceedings 68 (1958), 309; Merrill, Roosevelt's Forest Army, 126-127; "2000 Men Working in 8 State Parks," Recovery in Indiana (January 1935), 11; "Indiana's State Parks Developed by Civilian Conservation Corps," Outdoor Indiana 3 (February 1936), 20-21, 28. • `' Indiana District: Civilian Conservation Corps, 1938-1939, 10, (printed report on CCC camps operating in the state at that time), on file at the Nature Center, Pokagon State Park. See also Salmond, The Civilian Conservation Corps,, 135-144. • I• There was one camp (named Camp Robin Hood) located in St. Joseph County, Camp D-3 (for drainage), occupied from August 1935 into early 1939 by members of Company 517. This company of young black men cleaned and duct new drainage ditches throughout St. Joseph and surrounding counties. In 1938 enrollees from this camp planted the seedlings for the STUDEBAKER tree sign at the company's proving grounds, which today is Bendix Woods County Park. After remaining empty for some months, the camp, re- numbered SCS -24 (for Soil Conservation Service) housed Company 1596 until the spring of 1942. This was a company of young white men engaged in general soil conservation work throughout the county on various farms.-"'::' The site of the camp is now the Robin Hood Golf Course east of US31 on New Road. After the demise of the CWA in the spring of 1934, some federally funded work relief projects continued under FERA until Roosevelt introduced the Works Progress Administration, with Harry Hopkins in charge, in 1935. With the establishment of the WPA, the federal government undertook a vast and comprehensive program to create jobs of all sorts that would as closely as possible match the skills of the unemployed. Such work, however. would not compete with whatever jobs the private sector might be able to offer. Wages, paid in cash. hovered above average direct relief payments but below roughly comparable work in private 1" NA, RG35, E-115 Camp Inspection Reports, Box 71; "Fifty • Civilian Conservation Corps Companies Are Working in Indiana," Outdoor Indiana 2 (December 1935), 12; Indiana District, Civilian Conservation Corps, 1938-1939, 48-51. The Studebaker tree sign is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. • industry. In St. Joseph County the scale ranged from $55 a month for unskilled laborers to $85 for highly skilled workers; professional and technical workers, such as architects and engineers. earned $94 a month. Administration of direct relief was turned over to state and local governments, in line with Roosevelt's warning that "to dole out relief in this way is to administer a narcotic . . . . The Federal government must and shall quit this business of [direct] relief." Much criticized and always controversial, the WPA achieved uneven success in giving jobs to the unemployed, depending upon the type of work involved and on local cooperation. No doubt the successive Democratic administrations in Indiana during the New Deal years helped WPA programs flourish in this state." Wayne Coy headed it first, followed by John K. Jennings. Charles Kohler was the administrator in the St. Joseph County office. Street and road repair and improvement offered the largest number of WPA jobs in the county, consistent with trends in the state overall, closely followed, certainly, by park improvements. Much of the latter work from the New Deal years still exists, but the extensive walls, riprap, and characteristic fieldstone structures found in most pre -World War II parks and all along the St. Joseph River have not been well maintained. Eberhart/Petro and Battell parks in Mishawaka probably boast the best extant 11 Quote from Roosevelt. "Annual Message to the Congress. • January 4, 1935," in Rosenman, ed., The Court Disapproves, Vol. 4 of Addresses of Roosevelt, 19-20. See Greiff, "Roads, Rocks, and Recreation: The Legacy of the WPA in Indiana," Traces 3 (Summer 1991), 40-47; Patrick J. Furlong, "Some Notes on the WPA in St. Joseph County," (talk given at IUSB campus, June 1982). I• collections displaying the greatest variety of forms. Before 1935 ended, over 4500 workers in the county were given WPA jobs; the figure climbed to around 7200 by the following summer. which was roughly the peak number employed in the county at any one time. As a rule, St. Joseph County represented a particularly successful example of the WPA program in action, despite a brief rift in July 1937, when the Workers Alliance of America, protesting the threat of reductions in WPA jobs, called a strike. It ended after a few days in a negotiated truce.'-== In June 1935 President Roosevelt established the National Youth Administration (NYA) as a division of the WPA under director Aubrey Williams. Although far less visible than the CCC, NYA was actually more widespread and comprehensive, attuned to a variety of needs. Geared toward young people sixteen to twenty-four, the program offered part-time employment to high school and college students through their institutions so that they could complete their educations. For unemployed girls and boys not in school, the NYA provided part-time work and trainincr programs. For a short time there were NYA camps for training , girls in domestic skills --a project that had originated under F'ERA. Among the training programs set up for unemployed Youth '=' Writer's field survey, spring 1997; Greiff, Makinq a Better Indiana: WPA, Labor and Leisure (Indianapolis: United Auto Workers Community Action Program Council, 1982): Greiff. Potential WPA Historic Properties in Indiana, compiled from microfilmed WPA index cards at the National Archives. 1988 (on • file at Historic Landmarks Foundation of Indiana); Furlonct, "Some Notes": "Union Balked in WPA Plans. Officials Say." South Bend Tribune, 9 July 1937; "WPA Employees Stage Walkout," Indianapolis Star, 9 July 1937. • were various construction projects. including the development of recreational facilities."'' The NYA established a Resident Work Experience Camp on the grounds of the county infirmary (Portage Manor), where its enrollees were taught vocational skills with real projects arranged with the city and private businesses. Still remaining in South Bend is the NYA workshop building in Bendix Park, constructed by WPA workers in 1939.'" With the boom in American manufacturing just prior to World War II, employment opportunities increased. The WPA gradually became unnecessary. In its last years, WPA was touted by the government for its defense programs. Probably the largest one in chiefly airport and highway improvements. Locally, such projects included further improvements at Bendix Field and additional paving and widening of US20. The WPA office in South Bend closed in July 1940, and remaining projects were administered out of Fort Wayne. America's entry into the war at the end of 1941 ended the matter. The WPA and most other New Deal programs 1--"; "The Program in Operation," Hopkins Papers, Container 35. NYA Circulars, Etc., FDR Library; "Conservation Report," 1939, 816. See Betty Lindley and Ernest K. Lindley, A New Deal for Youth: The Story of the National Youth Administration (New York: Viking Press, 1938). 14. "Work Starts on NYA Building in Bendix Park." South Bend Tribune, 20 July 1938; "NYA Playground and Workshop for Youth,". • South Bend Tribune, 19 January 1940; "Construction begins Soon at Infirmary," South Bend Tribune, 14 November 1940; "Buildings Spring Up on Site of NYA Resident Work Experience Camp," South Bend Tribune, 11 February 1941. Indiana was the ammunition plant at Charlestown, but numerous • local and state projects also gathered under the defense banner. chiefly airport and highway improvements. Locally, such projects included further improvements at Bendix Field and additional paving and widening of US20. The WPA office in South Bend closed in July 1940, and remaining projects were administered out of Fort Wayne. America's entry into the war at the end of 1941 ended the matter. The WPA and most other New Deal programs 1--"; "The Program in Operation," Hopkins Papers, Container 35. NYA Circulars, Etc., FDR Library; "Conservation Report," 1939, 816. See Betty Lindley and Ernest K. Lindley, A New Deal for Youth: The Story of the National Youth Administration (New York: Viking Press, 1938). 14. "Work Starts on NYA Building in Bendix Park." South Bend Tribune, 20 July 1938; "NYA Playground and Workshop for Youth,". • South Bend Tribune, 19 January 1940; "Construction begins Soon at Infirmary," South Bend Tribune, 14 November 1940; "Buildings Spring Up on Site of NYA Resident Work Experience Camp," South Bend Tribune, 11 February 1941. • is officially came to a close in 1942.11 1' Furlong, "Notes on the WPA," 3-4; Salmond, "A Fight for Permanence," in New Deal Case Study, 145-161. Extant New Deal Projects in St. Joseph County, 1997 MISHAWAKA Schools Mary Phillips School, 702 Lawrence Street PWA 1936 Mishawaka High School stadium (present Steele stadium) WPA 1936. 1938-39 Parks/Landscaping Battell Park (rock garden/water feature. landscaping. wading pool, stone walls, urns) WPA 1935-37 C-��mtral Fail-, (initial development, gateway, concrete. r-Uuble- wall I, stepsi playing fields, retaining wall) WPA 1937-38. 1940 Kamm Island Park (riverstone retaining wall around island) CWA 1934. WPA 1935-36 Laing Park (initial development, stone retaining walls, steps, remains of dam) CWA 1933-34, WPA 1935, NYA 1940 Lincoln Park (boat ramp, restroom building, wading pool) CWA 1934, WPA 1935, 1937 Merrifield Park (stone walls, remains of grotto, wading pool, stone -lined walk to bridge, Cy-aftsmar-f-inspired. shelterhouse) CWA 1933-34, WPA 1935, 1937, NYA 1940-41 Petro Park/Eberhardt Golf Course (double -arch entrance, gateposts, stone walls, walks, drives, steps, boat ramps, footbridges, stone vehicular bridge to Monkey Island, two small service buildings, golf course landscaping) CWA 1934, WPA 1935, 1936, 1937-1938, 1940 Rose Park (initial development. stone -and -timber comfort station. tennis courts, playing fields, stone entrance markers, wading pool) CWA 1933- 34, FERA 1934, WPA 1935, NYA 1939 riverwall along St. Joseph River CWA 1934. FERA 1935, WPA 1937 stone walls along Wilson Boulevard, Logan to Main CWA 1934. FERA 1934- 35, WPA 1937 Other 0 addition on east to Carnegie public library, 122 Hill Street WPA 1937 brick city garage, west side 200 block North Virgil WPA 1937-38 0 reservoir caretaker's house, moved to 16581 Chandler Boulevard WPA 1938 waste treatment plant (tank:,), Lincoln Way West PWA 1940 Schools John Adams Hicrh School, 808 South Twyckenham PWA 1940 (grounds, WPA) addition (east). Benjamin Harrison School, 3302 Western Avenue WPA 1935-36 addition, Jefferson School, 528 South Eddy PWA 1936 addition (east), James Madison School, 832 North Lafayette WPA 1935-36 Marquette School, 1905 College. PWA 1936 addition (south), Nuner School, 2716 Vine PWA 1936 School City Athletic Field (concrete bleachers) WPA1938 I* Parks/Landscaping Erskine Country Club (east&west staircases, retaining walls. landscaping, caddy house) WPA 1938, NYA 1940 Howard Park (stone walls. stone steps to river, adminstration, building) WPA 1936, 1939-1940 Leeper Park (footbridge, retaining wall around island, duck pond) WPA 1936, 1938-39 Pinhook Park (straightening of river creating lagoon, initial landscaping) WPA 1935-1938 Potawatomi Park (old lion house) WPA 1941 Ravina Park (concrete steps, ruin of stone&concrete platform) WPA 1938 Viewing (formerly LaSalle) Park (stone walls, grandstand, steps) WPA 1937-38 Walker Field (pool and shelter) WPA 1937 Wheelock Park (crates, clubhouse, bridge) WPA 1940-41 SRiverside Drive (Angela Avenue to Darden Road) FERA 1935, WPA 1935-1938 riprap (Leeper Park to Pinhook) WPA 1935-1938 riverwc-tll, stonework along Northside Boulevard FICA 1935. WPA 1936 Other Angela Avenue bridge PWA 1939-40 garage, additions to former National Guard armory (now Newman Center), 727 South Eddy WPA 1935. 1939 NYA Building (workshop), 1621 Eclipse Place WPA 1938-39, NYA 1940 additions (east), Portage Manor WPA 1939 railroad overpass, North Michigan Street PWA 1940 sewage treatment plant (Administration Building, Compression Building, tanks) PWA 1939-40 COUNTY -WIDE stone wall along south side of Ardmore School CWA 1933, addition (north), Ardmore School WPA 1936-1937 Hamilton Cemetery (landscaping, possibly stone monument to pioneer preacher) WPA 1936 addition (west), former Lakeville High School WPA 1935 Lakeville firehouse/city hall/waterworks building (present town hall) WPA 1938, PWA 1938-39 North Liberty park (dam remnants, stone walls, bath house, picnic shelter, stone entrance features, storage building) WPA 1935, 1937 ST[MEBAKER tree sign (in present Bendix County Park) CCC 1938 site of CCC Camp Robin Hood (no visible remnants), Robin Hood Golf Course, 20099 New Road NOTE: Battell Park and the S=EBAKER tree sicrn are listed in the National Register of Historic Places, A nomination is being prepared for the reservoir caretaker's house. E MAJOR SOURCES Furlong, Patrick J. "Some Notes on the WPA in St. Joseph County." Talk given at IUSB campus, June 1982. Greiff, Glory -June. Makincr a Better Indiana: WPA. Labor and Leisure. Indianapolis: United Auto Workers Community Action Program Council. 1982. Potential WPA Historic Properties in Indiana. Compiled from microfilmed WPA index cards at the National Archives, 1988. On file at Historic Landmarks Foundation of Indiana. Indianapolis News, Indianapolis Star, Indianapolis Times, Mishawaka Enterprise, South Bend Tribune, 1935-1942. Recovery in Indiana. Indianapolis: Governor's Commission on Unemployment Relief, 1933-1936. 11 - r 14 7;M-p�k [ilk 1f "i r Pop t: two 'r 0 .41 % 4 b tat WAI or 0 � - - .�..�...ts�/,.le� _�..r•...x.ft.SK'+`�ti':t'.".ht��,.'n'.rs:.v.K.,>-.iv�+_ _. � ._�x�c:'•-_;_;_� ���d^.:ia`.r}:��'�'•s:�rrt•�•..s:z3�Z`�v�"� .'^.rte-�' k..y✓i �•.;!tt'M �"'',� 1pr�rrl'.++.,f•v�w`' Rr�:t� �"� ,fix ;-��.r r+iR/irRifyr{ -rte' <, �r�ITIM�1�7t "r}' 'y '�'� �.'�✓. 3,�. � •y � r.. � M �=• 1.7�,�pi,: ,*t �*'s.�^ 1+w7' .,i. .*i _fiyr~.r+ �Gw'.:F�.a.r"'`�•�.' .. �. �� aF�r�`9*�� *�''.:i „ hA• . t t :� .it � •" _ ' � , • is t'`''� : + — { rR _ f i - - .�..�...ts�/,.le� _�..r•...x.ft.SK'+`�ti':t'.".ht��,.'n'.rs:.v.K.,>-.iv�+_ _. � ._�x�c:'•-_;_;_� ���d^.:ia`.r}:��'�'•s:�rrt•�•..s:z3�Z`�v�"� .'^.rte-�' k..y✓i �•.;!tt'M �"'',� 1pr�rrl'.++.,f•v�w`' Rr�:t� �"� ,fix ;-��.r r+iR/irRifyr{ -rte' <, �r�ITIM�1�7t "r}' 'y '�'� �.'�✓. 3,�. � •y � r.. � M �=• 1.7�,�pi,: ,*t �*'s.�^ 1+w7' .,i. .*i _fiyr~.r+ �Gw'.:F�.a.r"'`�•�.' .. �. �� aF�r�`9*�� *�''.:i „ • BRICK.STREETS IN SOUTH BEND, INDIANA Context Prepared for the Historic Preservation Commission of South Bend & St. Joseph County David B. Duvall August 1997 • • • This project has been patially funded by a Department of the Interior grant administered by the Division of Historic Preservation & Archaeology, Indiana Department of Natural Resources. This program receives Federal financial assistance for identification and protection of historic properties. Under Title VI of the Civil Rights ,Act of 1964 and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the, U.S. Department of the Interior prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, or disability in its federally assisted programs. If you believe you have been discriminated against in any program activity, or facility as described above, or if you desire further infromation, please write to: Office for Equal Opportunity,•U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington D.C. 20240. The activity that is the subject of the [type of publication] has boen financed in part with Federal funds from the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. However, the contents and opinions do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of the Interior, nor does teh mention of trade. _names or commercial products constitute endorsement of recommendation by the Department of the Interior. HISTORICAL CONTEXT • The town of South Bend was originally platted in 1831 along the St. Joseph River at the confluence of several paths which preceded occupation by white settlers, the Sauk, Chicago, and Dragoon trails. Sections of these trails had been incorporated into the path of the Michigan Road which had been authorized by the U.S. Congress to connect the established settlement along the Ohio River to Lake Michigan in 1827.(1) The primitive period of road construction which coincided with the period of pioneer development in St. Joseph County found most roads and streets to be simply cleared paths of dirt. Some sections of highway were paved with logs or boards. Streets in the city were likdwise unpaved or had roadbeds of gravel from a source northwest of the city. In the.early city, sidewalks were constructed of wood plank, later superseded by cobblestone and/or brick • sidewalks, especially at alley crossings.(2) The early industrial development of the city included the Studebaker Brothers wagon business which experienced tremendous growth during the Civil War leading to a special local emphasis on non -rail surface transportation which was to affect the major local industries to the present day. t In 1865, the first systematic grades of city were established by the city engineer, Rufus Rose. These benchmark elevations were henceforth referred to as "Rose Grades". In the same year the first paved street in city was improved with cobblestone at the intersection of Michigan and Washington Streets. (3) -------------------------------- (1) Howard, Timothy Eugene. History of St. Joseph Countv. Indiana: 2 vols. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company. 1907. p234 (2) ibid, p.369 • (3) ibid page •1 5§ r� • An 1866 ordinance called for brick paving (14') of sidewalk north side of Washington Street from main to first alley. As early as 1867 concrete sidewalk was installed by John R Foster, a notable local attorney at his property on the north side of Washington Street at Taylor Street.(4) The cobblestone pavement at Michigan and Washington Streets was replaced with cedar block in 1888, presumably to provide a smoother road surface.(5) In March of 1889 the Indiana General Assembly passed legislation which came to be known as Barrett Law providing local jurisdictions with the power to amortize public improvements over a 10 year period and recoup the expenses from adjactent property owners served by the improvement. This provided a fiscal device for the city . to fund growth related infra—structural improvements.(6) The first modern pavement in the city of South ,Bend to be authorized by the city council was approved in July of 1889. Viewed as an experiment, bricks from the Chapin Brickyard were laid as paving on Jefferson Boulevard from Michigan Street to Lafayette Avenue. Composed of two courses of hard burned brick (common building brick), the paving was laid by Martin Hoban's company according to specifications by William Whitten, city engineer.(7) The August 8, 1889 South Bend Tribune reported the recent ordinance to surface a section of Jefferson Street with brick. The article included a letter from one N.B. Abbott of the Ohio Paving Company of Dayton Ohio setting forth proper specifications for such work and of course offering services. There is however (4) ibid, p.-370 (5) ibid, P. 369 (6) ibid, p. 370 (7) ibid, p. 369 page 2 51 - some controversy as to who laid the first brick pavement as one historian has • /. reported that James Nelson "put in the first single layer of brick pavement done in the city of South Bend, on North and South Main streets."(8) A similar claim was made for Calvert H. Defrees in his obituary published in the South Bend Tribune on April 10, 1933. The earliest brick paving was more costly than the cedar block. In 1890 cedar was reported at $4 per yqrd whereas brick cost $6.87. However by 1892 the cost of brick had been brought down to $1.72 compared to the also' lower cost of $3.21 for cedar. Brick quickly became the preferred pavement. Although two and three quarter miles of street, including the section of Lafayette Street from Colfax to Navarre, were paved with cedar block within a four year period, the last use of this material as street pavement was in 1892. In 1901 a small section. creosote block pavement was constructed, being the last wood pavement as a public street improvement. Asphalt was introduced as a • pavement with an installation on West Washington Street in 1898.(9) In'January of that year W.H Rosenkrants, the city engineer, had published a street map (figure 1) denoting pavements where they were present. By this time most of the central business district had some kind of pavement: South Michigan Street was paved to Elder; South Main to Broadway, West Washington -to its termination at the Circle Drive;; and Michigan Avenue on the west and Vistula Avenue on the east (both sections of the old native trail system) were paved to the City limits.. Most streets of'the new residential subdivisions of the Horatio Chapin estate had been paved with brick in 1897. (8) Anderson & Cooley, comps. South Bend and the Men Who Made It; Historical Descriptive, Biographical. South Bend, The Tribune Printing Company, 1901; p. 350 • (9) Howard, p. 370 page 3 At the turn of the Century, seventy seven percent of the developed streets in South Bend were without any permanent pavement. The city civil engineer reported 102.47 miles of street in the city of which 78.53 miles were listed as unpaved. Of the approximately twenty-four miles of street which were paved seventy-two percent were of brick, twenty-three percent of cedar or creosote saturated wood blocks, and fourteen percent of the newest material, asphalt. Cedar block paving had not been utilized since 1892: However, the city had a last flirtation with wood block pavement installing 410 yards of crebsoted blocks. In 1900, brick remained the least expensive paving material option at $5.79 per yard compared to $7.64 for the less durable creosote block and $10.92 for asphalt.(10) An exuberant Alanzo J. Hammond gave first position to his narrative on pavements in the 1905 Report of the City Civil Engineer stating: • "The city reached high-water mark in brick'pavements'laid during 1905, there being over 106,000 square yards and reaching over 5 2/10 miles of streets. The pavements were laid at the lowest average cost per square yard reached during the last six years. This in spite of the fact that a cement filler was used on many streets, an asphalt filler on one, and concrete foundations on some. But for the higher cost of the pavements on concrete the average would have been $1.15 in place of the $1.18." He went on to praise the stiffening effect of the concrete foundations and (10) City of South Bend Annual Report 1900, Report of the City Civil • Engineer. page 4 lu I• n U note that the contractors' maintenance warranty had expired on several streets and that arrangements with the Asphalt Company would be needed to effect temporary repairs until bricklaying crews were available. By way of an alternative, he gently suggested that the city might provide its own repair plant. Finally, he indicated that "The purchase and use of a Standard rattler for testing bricks had proven of great value to the Department". Table no. 8 of this report was dedicated to the test results comparing various brick pavers. In the same year, John P. Butler, street commissioner, requested the institution of a deposit system with the purchase of any permit to cut into an improved street as the system of holding contractors and plumbers answerable for repairs to streets on their bond had proven problematic.(11) In the first decade of the Twentieth Century the length of street in the city of South Bend nearly doubled.(12) However the trend toward other sheet laid pavement material was on the rise. By 1906 there were 42 miles of pavement in city, 36.5 being paved with brick.(13) Other paved streets were principally asphalt with some remaining cedar block. In 1907, the original experimental section of brick pavement was removed although it was reported to have been in good condition. In the same year the city council outlawed brick as a sidewalk material in favor of concrete. (14) New street work declined (11) City of South Bend Annual Report 1905, Report of the City Civil Engineer (12) City of South Bend Annual Report 1911, Report. of the City Civil Engineer, table 11 (13) Howard, P. 370 (14) ibid page 5 I' • markedly after the Indiana General Assembly's passage in the same year of a requirement that all brick pavements be installed over concrete foundation. Annual brick street construction in 1908 and 1909 fell to an eighth of what it had been in the preceding years of the decade. By 1910, the cost of asphalt pavement had lowered to $4.45; $1.18 per yard less than brick paving.(15) W.S. Moore disputed the necessity of the requirement for concrete foundations under brick street paving in his 1911 Report of the City Engineer, observing that it was leading to property owners in new subdivisions to opt for macadam pavements "which in no sense should be considered a permanent improvement". He felt that the existing pavements on gravel foundations had proven effective. Noting a loophole in the statute, he requested the city attorney to pursue a method whereby property owners might petition for differing specifications. He also pled the case for incurring additional initial cost for material of superior longevity.. -He seems to have felt that brick laid over gravel gave the best cost/benefit ratio. Notwithstanding this impediment to economical installation of permanent paving, the .length of streets in the city increased by 369 from 1905 to 1911 (figure 2). At this time, 30% of the city's streets were paved, 23% of them with brick. 1912 marked the true high water mark of brick paving in South Bend, being the last year that the yardage of brick pavement laid exceeded all other pavement types combined. (16) This year, was also a watershed in the prevailing attitude toward streets marked by the city's commissioning of George Kessler to prepare a park and boulevard plan for South Bend. (15), City of South Bend Annual Report 1924, Report of the City Civil Engineer, table (16) -City of South Bend Annual Report. 1924 page 6 16 I• The ensuing two years saw resumed installation of brick pavement which nearly reached the levels of the preceding decade, but by 1915 a perceptible shift to asphaltic concrete paving was occurring. By 1916 major road construction paved with brick had cea6ed.(17) The average annual construction of paved streets during the decade from 1911 to 1920 increased by half over that of the preceding decade but found the preferred material shifting overwhelmingly from brick to asphalt, despite brick having become comparatively cheap by 1921 at $11.60 per yard compared to asphalt at $16.50. Concrete was still less expensive at $10,66 per yard, but had never performed well in the local climate. The first half of the 1920s saw steady development of new streets at a rate twice that during preceding decade. However, the majority of these streets were of asphalt with concrete as a'distant second choice. At the close of 1924, 53% of South Bend City Streets remained unpaved. Of the paved streets; 439 were brick, 49% asphalt, and 9% concrete. Only 8% of the new pavement laid in that year.was of brick.(18) As noted above, there is some controversy regarding who laid the first brick paving in the city, but the number of companies involved in brick pavement projects in the city was quite limited throughout the period of its use. The 1897 report of the city engineer indicated that nearly all paving in that year was laid by two companies with Robert, Hoban & Roach installing slightly more than C. H. Defrees. The only other contract reported that year was with James Nelson working under the commercial name of Nelson & Webster, but this contract represented less than 1% of the brick paving commissioned by (17) ibid, Table #9' • (18) ibid, Table #9 0 the city and could not have been for more than one block of roadway. By 1900, C. H. Defrees had established his company as the principal • contractor for brickavement. p performing 667 of such work as compared to Robert, Hoban & Roach's 20% and James Ne.lson's 14%. (19) The city engineer's report for 1905 indicated that Defrees continued dominance of this market with 587 of the work. Harry Barnes, a newcomer to this trade, installed 227 of the brick paving in this year,.with the remainder of the work being evenly divided among Hoban & Roach, James Nelson, and another newcomer, Siders & Company, who performed street work in St. Adalbert's and St. Casimir's Parish. The 1911, a year during which comparatively little brick paving was installed, the city engineer's report indicated a nearly even split of this work between Defrees and Hoban & Roach. The distribution of this work is interesting. Hoban & Roach's share of thi's work was distributed among five more or less equally sized jobs while a single large project was awarded to • Defrees. Although not a hard and, fast rule, the tendency was for Defrees receive commissions for larger projects with the smaller projects being awarded to the other contractors in this trade. The projects awarded to Hoban & Roach in this year could not have exceeded a single block in length for each project. However, during the era of brick pavement, other contractors were competitive and often received commissions as large as Defrees's. (20) By 1924, the use of brick as a street pavement in South Bend had subsided. Harry Barnes was awarded brick pavement projects amounting to about 8% of the (19) City of South Bend Annual Report 1900, Report of the City Civil Engineer (20) City of South Bend Annual Report 1911, Report of the City Civil Engineer, Table #4 • page 8 paving laid in the city in this year. The only other contractor receiving • brick pavement contracts with the city in this year was the Plummer. Construction Company who paved one block of alley.(21) Clearly, the most prominent contractors who worked in this arena were C. H. Defrees and Robert, Hoban, & Roach. The most common belief is that Robert, Hoban and Roach installed the first brick pavements in the city. The firm of Robert, Hoban, & Roach was a coalition of three builders who, had distinguished themselves individually in the construction industry of South Bend. All were born between 1852 and 1856. Martin Roach wathe only native of South Bend among them. Martin Hoban had moved to South Bend from Maine as young child. His father is credited with having been among the group of Irishmen who were the first to manufacture cement in Indiana. He is believed to have been the first Irishman to settle in South Bend.(22) Joseph E. Robert, a native of Canada moved to South Bend as a young adult after . having worked briefly as a carpenter in Chicago. They all received early training,and became supervisors or foremen in the construction departments of the University of Notre Dame. Each followed this experience with private business partnerships in the construction business before forming their partnership in 1895. Robert had also worked for a period in the construction department at Studebaker. They were individually associated with the erection of the Locke School, the. entire Mishawaka sewer system, St. Mary's Academy, St. Hedwige's Church and schoolhouse, St. Patrick's Church, McDonald's Studio, ----------------- (21) City of South Bend Annual Report. 1924 (22) Esary, Logan. History of Indiana from Its Exploration to 1922. 3 vols. Dayton Ohio; Dayton Historical Publishing Company, 1923. Vol. 3: An Account of St. Joseph County from its Oreanization, ed. by John Stoll. p. 309 • page 9 -- - -- the engine house for No. 4 Hose Company, the River wall at Howard Park, the • city Water Works at Leeper Park, and many private residences. They were all politically active and presumably influential. Each of the three served as alderman in the city council for some period prior to their partnership. Robert served on the first Park Commission and Roach also served on the Park Commission. Hoban was city commissioner for six years.(23) The Partnership of Robert, Hoban and Roach was formed in 1895 and quickly became a leading company in the construction of buildings, roads, bridges, and sewers. They also specialized in the setting of boilers and construction of tall chimneys. Their offices and yards were located at 313 .North Emerick Street (Niles Avenue). Martin Hoban's son, Maurice, joined the company which' retained his name after the father's death in 1902. Robert passed away in 1912 and henceforth the company was known as Hoban & Roach.(24) Calvert H. Defrees was descended from a pioneer family in St. Joseph • County, his grandfather, Archibald Defrees having migrated from Ohio in 1834. Calvert was born in 1859 and upon reaching maturity entered into the business of producing and installing concrete for sidewalks along with the sale of cement, lime, and masons supplies. The 1922 publication, South Bend World Famed reported the Defrees company to be the oldest mason supply dealer in northern Indiana. He also contracted for the construction of sewers. Defrees was probably responsible for the laying of more miles of brick paving in South Bend than any other agent. Among the locations for which his company was responsible are Vistula Avenue (Lincolnway East), St. Joseph Street, South Main Street, North and South Michigan Streets, Hudson Court, (23) Anderson & Cooley, pp. 262, 263, & 264. (24) Esary, p. 309 & 388 page 10 C. Leland Avenui!, Lamont Terrace, Chapin Street, East Water Street (LaSalle), South Street, Paris Street, West Jefferson Street, and Walnut Street among others. He was also responsible for the construction of the reservoir at the water works in Leeper Park. By the end of the era of Brick streets in the 1920s, Defrees had withdrawn from contracting and restricted his business to the sale of masonry materials and supplies including brick and coal.(25) James Nelson moved to South Bend from New Jersey as a young child with his father Bernard, a mason by trade, " who became one of the leading building contractors of his era. At the age of twenty, James undertook the pursuit of his fathers trade and came to focus his business on the contracting of roads and sewers. In 1907 Timothy Howard reported that Nelson had constructed over ten miles of, paved streets in the city. He also involved himself in real estate and development. He died in 1921. The 1901 publication, South Bend and the Men Who Made It, stated that Nelson laid the -first brick pavement in the city on Main Street south and north from Washington Street, but this is at variance to all other evidence found by this author which indicates the first such pavements to have been installed by Martin Hoban on Jefferson Street from Main to Lafayette. The last major contractor of brick street paving to appear on thescene in South Bend was Harry Barnes of Log . ansport. Barnes continued to contract this type of work into the 1920s.- He died in 1953 at the age of 79.(26) (25) Anderson & Cooley, pp. 184 & 185 Pictorial and Biographical Memoirs of Elkhart & ST. Joseph Counties, Indiana.... Chicago: Godspeed Brothers, 1893, pp. 87 & 88 South Bend Tribune. Ap. 10, 1933 rage -41- C] 0 According to Timothy Howard, the first experimental block of brick street in South Bend was paved with common brick which nonetheless was found to be in good condition when replaced in 1907. These bricks were from the Chapin Brickyard which were located in what is now the western section of Leeper Park. As noted above, the' city purchased machinery for the testing of paving brick in 1905. The tables in the city engineer's report for that year which indicated the results of these tests give some indication of the manufacturers who's products would have been preferred for such installations. Those products actually installed in street projects during that year are indicated in these tables as follow; Hadley, Hocking Valley, Indiana, Logan, Nelsonville, and Poston. The pavers installed by both Barnes and Plummer in 1924 was Veedersburg brick. Nationally, the use of brick as a street pavement peaked during the early 1920s when portland cement concrete was introduced for roadways, (27), but South Bend had already made the transition to asphalt. During the ensuing decades many of the brick streets of south bend have been altered. Many have retained sections of brick pavement at the center while receiving aprons of concrete at the sides where the street has been widened. At many busier thoroughfares, the brick has been paved over or replaced with sheet "pavement, usually of asphalt. Although some residential brick streets have been paved over, the city has. for several years -had a policy of maintaining brick pavements by relaying sections as needed. A syst%m of salvaging, storing, and re -using historical brick paving materials is no -required. Approximately seven and one half miles of brick pavement remain in use today (figure 3). (26) South Bend Tribune. Feb. 17, 1953. (27) Kelso, Harry B., with Dunn, Joy. "Preservation & Maintenance of Brick Streets". Southwest Prologue Series. page iL Figure #1 I* INDUSTRIAL MAP of v SOUTH BEND j Circles Show Available Facfury •���, ,ti Sifei I .a .. Ire- I 1 � 0 Figure #2 y! 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Y ORE E EIjJST-O- r0 a_ n a8 011.8E az m x.,. `IARRO S EI�Lb_LST. t)tq yr o `I o -4 -4 i 1 NM,L :i7_ C. 0 - -1n fir,' 1l.. -4I i r c�1 __-•' T - cj�.� ' a i-- ILE AV I $�N-Ni� �Y� El C 3 Avi T . _ n- Z RS1$iLCL✓ s �i14L � o `�_� _�,1 f SL N; Mm?I'•."t.. 012/ ��x �' 5 d°�' 30 30 _ Bl 7A MARI LT S �� ir., L IS _ flLYD gp a < «d _STS- U1� BIyVD._{n _ 3jA« A1Cd b r = a \ C Fad' 0 tl' �.S- 1 / 03 a s n LE— y `1 ;� �5� J _ �fl - so----SL2° ��T. ��' .< n;,.; v < ? S < V .1, a7 )' N- - `n _z__ 1 B TR GAME AV �- _ 2 � , .� Ir""��,;, y6��Z ? � � - -<'�- -�-• �-- NQ j -- .Z.� �I�:L(J Q f8 �7z-- �(F C SSL ©` 3 liVlY_ _^_ 1•Y >-- y #� / Ec P EMY �1D © a<Kit 49L" .a t .< • p aa EDD T C`m0 SO ME. SI y G "AS �_ p -- -- — - - v n.0 A Th SL, _ �_ Ey 2 a rn cim 4n J �„ z :n nIQ MOB- _.+�_ d' a kyr> bS N -- b °z 3 0� yT m • no -i yyt �I yc,• -YERN d TL__ F-1 � 0 APPENDIX 1 BRICK ROADS APPROXIMATE LENGTH 1. Ashland - from Rex to Leland - 1/16th of a mile 2. Bronson - from St. Joseph to Clinton - 3/8th mi. 3. Clinton - from Bronson to South St. - 1/16th mi. 4. College - from Fassnacht to Rail Road Tracks South of Rupel - 3/8th mi. 5. Columbia - from Bronson to Monroe - 1/8th mi. 6. Cottage Grove - from Oak to Lincolnway West - 1/16th mi. 7. Cushing - from LaSalle to Portage - 1/2 mi. 8. Dunham - from Harris to Arnold - 1/8th mi. 9. Elm - from Washington to Colfax - 1/16th mi. 10. Fellow - from Rail Road Tracks North of Sample to Monroe - 1/4 mi. 11. Fisher - from Walnut to Webster - 1/16th mi. 12. Ford - from Harris to Arnold - 1/8th mi. 13. Forest - from Lamont Tr. to Riverside Dr. - 3/16th mi. 14. Franklip - from Jefferson to Washington - 1/16th mi. 15. Hill - from South Bend Ave. to Corby Blvd. - 3/8th mi. 16. Huey - from Colfax to Linden - 1/16th mi. 17. Jefferson - from Walnut to Laurel - 3/8th mi. 18. Johnson - from Colfax to Linden - 1/16th mi. 19. Kuntsman Ct. - from Lincolnway West to Colfax - -1/8th mi. 20. Lafayette - from Madison 'to Navarre - 1/8th mi.. -- 21. Lamont Tr. - from Forest to Bartlett - 1/8th mi. 22. Laurel - from Western to Washington - 1/4th mi. 23. Leland - from Chapin to Portage - 3/16th mi. 24. Madison - from Chapin to Michigan - 3/8th mi. 25. Main - from Bartlett to Leeper Park - 1/16th mi. 26. Manitou P1. - from Forest to Lamont Tr. - 1/8th mi." 27. Maple - from Western to Washington - 1/4th mi. 28. Napier - from Cherry to Walnut - 1/16th mi. 29. Navarre - from Portage to Main - 1/8th mi. 30. Oak - from Laporte to -Cushing - 1/4th mi. 31. Park Ave. _ from Manitou to Riverside - 1/16th mi. 32. Rex - from Portage to Leland - 1/16th mi. 33. Rush - from Bronson to South St. - 1/16th mi. 34. Scott - from Portage -to Lincolnway West - 1/4th mi. 35. Sherman - from Oak to Lincolnway West - 1/8th mi. 36. St. Joseph - from Bronson to Monroe - 1/8th mi. 37. St. Paul - from Washington to Colfax -.1/16th mi. 38. Studebaker - from Washington to Linden - 1/8th mi. 39. Taylor - from Colfax to Chapin - 3/8th mi. 40. Walnut - from 1/2 way between Washington and Liston to Linden - 1/8th mi. 41. Washington - from Eddy to 1/2 way between Hill and St. Louis 3/8th mi. 42: Webster - from its beginning to Grace - 3/8th mi. TOTAL MILES = ROUGHLY 7.5 MILES page 16 I* APPENDIX #2 BIBLIOGRAPHY Adelsperger, Rolland. The Ohio Architect and Builder. 15 vols. Cleveland, Ohio; The Ohio Architect & Builder Company, 1910. Vol. 15: South Bend - Its Possibilitv. City of South Bend Annual Report(s). 1897, 1900, 1905, 1911, and 1924 Anderson & Cooley, comps. South Bend and the Men Who Made It; Historical Descriptive, Biographical. South Bend, The Tribune Printing Company, 1901 Chapman, Charles C. & Company. History of St. Joseph Countv ....; Chicago, Charles Chapman & Co. 1880 Esary, Logan. History of Indiana from -Its Exploration to 1922. 3 vols. Dayton Ohio; Dayton Historical Publishing Company, 1923.,Vol. 3: An Account of St. Joseph Countv from its Oreanization, edited by John Stoll. Howard, Timothy Eugene. History of St. Joseph Countv. Indiana. 2 vols. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company. 1907 Kelso, Harry B., with Dunn, Joy. "Preservation & Maintenance of Brick Streets". Southwest Prologue Series. Pictorial and Biographical Memoirs of Elkhart & St.. Joseph Counties, Indiana.... Chicago: Godspeed Brothers, 1893 South Bend Tribune. Aug. 8, 1889, Mar. 5, 1904, Jan. 7, 1905, Nov. 13, 1912, Nov. 14, 1912, Nov. 16, 1912, Ap. 10, 1933, Feb. 17, 1953. Young, C. E., ed. South Bend World Famed.. South Bend. Handelsman & Young. 1922 I age 17 • AGENDA OF THE REGULAR MEETING of the HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION . Special meeting Countv Commissioner's 7:30 p.m. Conference Room Monday, August 25, 1997 7th Floor County City Bldg. I. Call to Order II. Roll Call III. Public Hearing A. Certificates of Appropriateness 1) 1615 East Wayne Street - window replacement 2) 607 Leland Avenue - Chimney demolition B. Second Reading Proposed Local Landmark Designations 1) 828 East Jefferson (building ony) - Coquillard-Perley house IV. Regular Business A. Staff Reports 1. Blake Gardens 2. Darden Bridge V. Hearing of Visitors - VII. Announcements & Miscellaneous Matters VIII, Adjournment • • 1-0 r� • CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS STAFF REPORT APPLICATION -- 1997-0723 PROPERTY -- 1615 East Wayne Street South Bend, IN OWNER -- William Hojnacki DESIGNATION -- EW-LHD RATING -- Contributing C/10 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE/HISTORIC CONTEXT Whitcomb & Keller built this H.R. Stapp designed Tudor Revival house in 1929: George & Betty Keller were the first owners in 1930 , residing there until 1932. George was manager of the insurance department of Whitcomb & Keller. Between 1933 and 1937, Melvin H. Baer, a sales manager at Ries Furniture Company and his wife Lucille owned the house. George and Geraldine Green lived there during part of 1938. In 1938 the property was purchased by F.W. and Mary Van Antwerp. Mr. Van Antwerp was president of First Bank & Trust Company and of the Associates Investment Company. PROPOSED CHANGE Applicant proposes to replace 15 of the existing industrial sash casement windows with new Eagle brand casement windows. The replacement windows are to retain the same muntin patterns as the original which vary by the size of the window. The existing leaded glass windows at the first floor front are to be unaffected. STANDARDS The Preservation Guidelines b) .... The Guidelines for Rehabilitation Model.... II.C.1 Required Original windows and doors repair, replaced with units II.C.2 Recommended for East Wayne Street state: the East Wayne Street District follow the ......shall be retained or when deteriorated beyond and trim resembling the original. ... If steel casement windows have to be replaced or removed, windows of similar size and style shall be used. RECOMMENDATION The existing windows which are here proposed for replacement are of the steel industrial sash type which are common in the East Wayne Street District. These windows are known to be problematic for both maintenance and thermal efficiency. The guidelines for East Wayne Street took special note of these features as indicated above. At the location presently under consideration, the owner is not proposing replacement of the leaded glass casements located at the Living room which are important to reinforcing the character of the Tudor Revival Style in which this house is designed. However the owner has determined to replace the other more conventional windows in a manner consistent with the guidelines by replabing the steel casement windows with clad wood casements with muntin inserts corresponding to the existing muntin arrangements. • CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS STAFF REPORT Staff is concerned that whereas the guidelines call for similarity of replacement material, some windows are arranged with a multi -paned operable sash below a fixed top pane. There is no straight -forward means of replicating this arrangement with the modules of the proposed window system which retains good visibilty and reasonably recreates the original window configuration. Staff recommends,approval of this application. DBD 8/12/97 • • • CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS STAFF REPORT APPLICATION -- 1997-0811 PROPERTY -- 607 Leland Avenue South Bend, IN OWNER -- David & Vicki Fritz DESIGNATION -- LL RATING -- Significant S/11 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE/HISTORIC CONTEXT Meredith and Anna Mills purchased Lot 7 of Millers Subdivision of Bank Lot 113 on September 25, 1890 for $450.00 from Lucius Hubbard. The house was built in the summer of 1891 in the Stick Vernacular. Mr. Mills was a barber at 111 West Washington. Shortly after the house was completed, in September, Mr. & Mrs. Mills sold it to Albert J. Home for $1050.00 and moved out of South Bend. Albert Home immediately upon purchasing the property turned around and sold it to Elizabeth Farrar for $1250.00. Ms. Farrar resided at 607 Leland for five years when she sold the house to Luzetta Bowman on June 27, 1896 for $2600.00. Luzetta Bowman sold the property to James Pope three years later for $2400.00. The house continued to exchange hands on a regular bases. The house was purchased by its current owners on March 3, 1988 and was designated as a Local Landmark on August 9, 1989. The house is presently being offered for sale. 'PROPOSED CHANGE • Applicant proposes house (chimney is hazard and restore to remove a free standing chimney on the north side of the not an original feature of the house), that is a safety cut in soffit to original condition. STANDARDS The Preservation Guidelines for Local Landmarks state: Group B. A. Maintenance The maintenance of any historical structure or site shall in no way involve any direct physical change except for general cleaning and upkeep. D. Demolition Historic Landmarks shall not be demolished. When a Landmark poses a threat to the public Safety, and demolition is the only alternative, documentation... should be made of both the interior and exterior of the Landmark. RECOMMENDATION The chimney subject to this application for demolition is not original to the house which presumably would have been heated by a stove vented through an interior chimney which has since been removed to below the roof. This chimney was added outside of this sidewall at some later date to vent a warm -air furnace located in the basement. It is clearly unstable having been constructed originally with insufficient mass to be freestanding. Neither was it given sufficient structural tie to the existing house to provide such • stability. Due to.the chimney's original lack of structural integrity it is no repairable and should be removed. In the view of Staff, the chimney's historical CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS STAFF REPORT • contribution to the house is negligible and as such reconstruction is not required. The owners propose to restore the extension of the roof to its original condition. Staff recommends approval. Staff views the presently existing photographic documentation to be sufficient. DBD 8/20/97 • • • COQUILLARD-PERLEY HOUSE PROPOSED LOCAL LANDMARK 828 EAST JEFFERSON SOUTH BEND, INDIANA • Historic Preservation Commission of South Bend and St. Joseph County August, 1997 • • r fs AW �♦ '60OF RR :+r� i' it •. .t,,.y �� .�M+ � �.e� 'r } �♦ '60OF RR :+r� i' it •. .t,,.y �� .�M+ � �.e� tow^ r z - 5 c � e fr� o r-\ 2l, q/v -� C] Samuel Perley 828 E. Jefferson HISTORICAL CONTEXT This property is located on the southwest corner of East Jefferson and South Notre Dame Avenue of South Bend, Indiana. The Property was platted in 1854 as lots 330 and 331 of Cottrells first addition. Lot 331s earliest known owner was John Beck, a cabinet maker for Union Cabinet, Company. Mr. Beck resided in a house on lot 331 from 1877 to 1880 when he sold the property to Mary Witz for $900.00. It is believed that in 1882 the existing house was torn down (although it is possible that it was incorporated into the new construction) and the current house was built. This being the case it appears as though Mary Witz was the person responsible for building the house presently at 828 E. Jefferson, being that she was the owner at the time of its construction. Mary Witz used this house specifically as a rental, a trend that the majority of the property's future owners would follow. Mary eventually sold the lot to Alexis Coquillard on July 2, 1887 for $1,200.00. Coquillard immediately sold lots 331 and 330 to his wife Maude M. Coquillard on February 23; 1888. Maude Coquillard sold the house to her brother, Samuel P. Perley, on_October 8, 1892 for $3,000.00. Mr. Perley resided in the house until 1903. Samuel Parley was born in Portland, MA on October 8, 1861, and came to South Bend from Detriot in 1877. He. graduated from the University of Notre Dame in 1881, which was the same year his sister, Maude, married Alexis Coquillard. So, upon graduation he took a job as bookkeeper for the Coquillard Wagon . Works. - He was soon promoted to cashier and private secretary, and after Coquillard's death in 1890 he was appointed trustee of Coquillard's estate which was worth over a million dollars, and was promoted to manager of the wagon factory. Mr. Perley married Lilliam Cassady, the daughter of one of the founders of the South Bend Chilled Plow Works, on November 23, 1894. Together they had four children. Mrs. Perley was active in many prominent social circles, churches and charitable organizations. She died on March 8, 1929. Samuel Perley became a well known businessman of his own right in 1894 when he founded the Perley Lumber Co., which became one of -the largest hardwood lumber businesses in the state. He was also the secretary of the South Bend Chilled Plow Works, and was one of the founders and first trustee of -the American Trust and Citizen's National Banks. Samuel Perley dedicated a considerable amount of time and energy to community affairs. He held several civic offices, he was appointed to the cities first Park Board, he was a member'of the first city council, served as the city's first commissioner and was an active member of the Grange. Samuel was also instrumental in platting several additions to the city. Samuel Perley died on February 15, 1934. Samuel Perley sold 828 E. Jefferson to Richard and Fannie Dugdale in 1903 for $3,200.00. The Dugdales used the house strictly as a rental from 1903 to September 15, 1952 when Fannie sold the lots to Warren Burdge. Mr. Burdge then turned around and sold the property on the same day to Daniel 0. and Carmel E. Elliott. The house stayed within the Elliott family as a rental until 1993. In the fall of 1993 Daniel and Suzanne Elliott sold the house to Weiss -Sessions which in turn sold it to Weiss Kendall LLP on October 18, 1996. • Presently the property is in the process of being purchased by Richard Johnson. • 0 ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION This one and a half story Stick style house was built in 1882 by Mary Witz. It was constructed with a brick foundation, wood framing and a brick veneer exterior finish. The roof has cross gables that are covered by wood shingles. It also has closed soffit overhangs, cornice board and decorative stick work in the front peak. There are two chimneys, one is centraly located the other is offset in the rear of the house and both are made of brick. The front porch has a cobblestone base and ornatly carved wood balustrade, columns and spindalwork. The porch steps and hand rail have been replaced. The new steps are made of concrete and the handrail of metal. In addition there is a new modern vestibule on either side of the front porch, which was gained by enclosing those sections of the porch. RECOMMENDATION Based on the Historic Preservation Commission's Local Landmarks Criteria as adopted by the Common Council, the potions of the site at 828 E. -Jefferson has been recommended to the Historic Preservation Commission for designation as a Local Historic Landmark by the Common Council. The building meet's the criteria in at least three areas: 1.) Its embodiment'of elements of architectural design, detail, materials, or craftsmanship which represents an architectural characteristic or innovation. 2.) Its suitability for preservation. 3.). Its identification with the life of a person or persons of historical significance. The building fulfills criteria #1 as, an excellently preserved example of a Bick Cottage with stick style porch and detail and is a good example of an early single family rental house. Its architectural design is apparent in its use of brick veneer, ornate spindles and balustrades and the decorative stick tracery work in the front peak. The building is rated a Significant twelve in the Indiana Historic Sites and Structures Inventory. The building fulfills criteria #2 by the integrity of its original construction with only minor alterations. The building fulfills criteria #3 by its association with prominent South Bend citizen Samuel P. Perley. He was a well known and respected man of South Bend and founder of Perley Lumber Company. Staff finds that the building meets the criteria for designation as a Local Landmark and recommends that the commission so recommend the building to the common council for such designation. DBD 8/20/97 ..P i f • � t ..P i . . , '''1, t'-�•.��' '� 1, •`, �' , , l •. r . • •! ;' • •� • , �.,• •. ,, ; •• • `,', ' '�' i •• •'. SIM., , ` '+ r • ke fo It ab • ' • �.'• ' 444 L �'• • • �. r fir'• • :.,�. �,.•.�. � .�•�. • • V • •d b dt.• ♦.+ .J �� • ~• a +' .•s♦. • •• •r '�. �. • . •.•t\r . '!t .i„ �%•l Ob 47 41, 16. rl ••i:.. '•"•�•.R iii.• ♦t ,� • •..,• '•• ,•v • A� • ��•'•��''• •i�.J �r .• • 1 s. 11 .7 0 0 0 historic preservation commission of south bend and st. joseph county John Konik, Chief Permit Evaluation.Section A Detroit District Corps of Engineers Box 1027 Detroit, Michigan 48231 August 25, 1997 re: file # 96-171-630-1A Hospitality Hub U.S. 33 & Cleveland Rd. Saint Joseph County, IN ROOM 1123 COUNTY CITY BUILDING south bend, Indiana 46601 (219) 235-9798 Dear Mr. Konik, Please find the attached packet of exhibits which per ' tain to the proposed redevelopment of the subject site with reference to the historical resources, there found. By this letter we request that these exhibits be attached to the permanent file of this application. This packet includes: 1) Chronology of events pertaining to the demolition of Blake Gardens site and concurrent activities of the Historic Preservation Commission. 2) Pertinent entries from the Indiana Historic Sites and, Structures Inventory Indiana", 3) Reprint of 7/5/96 South Bend Tribune article reporting the stated intention of Ralph Williams Associates to salvage the gardens for their esthetic value to the property. 4) Agendas and excerpts from the minutes of meetings by the Historic Preservation Commission of South Bend & St. Joseph County for the months of November and December 1996, and January 1997 (actually held Feb. 3), including the comments of Historic Preservation Commission Staff regarding the eligibility of the site for Local Landmark designation. 5) December 2 1996 letter from John E. Parry, Urban Forestry Specialist for the Indian Department of Natural Resources, assessing the condition and health of the flora of the gardens. 6) Report prepared by Staff for the Historic Preservation Commission regarding the remaining architectural features at the site of Blake Gardens following demolition activities. 7) Copy of a prospectus for the subject property prepared circa 1957 by Blake family heirs for the purpose of promotion of the site for sale or development. This document provides baseline information of the historic character of the "Venetian Gardens as developed by Ludwig Blake from 1925 to 1956. 8) Photocopies of photographs by Historic Preservation Staff documenting the condition of the Gardens in 1995 and a copy of one Polaroid photo indicating the conditions of the site in March of 1997. and miscellaneous other maps, photographs (by copy), plans, letters, newspaper articles, and documents. These exhibits are submitted in. evidence to support the request of the Historic Preservation Commission of South Bend & St. Joseph County through this letter for a Public Hearing to be held with the purpose of presenting direct testimony in -dispute of the issuance of a permit pursuant to the above referenced application. In submitting this request, I particularly call your attention to the Indiana Historic Sites and. Structures Inventory 'survey, "Historic Designed Landscapes of Indiana", and. the sections of the reports prepared by the staff of the Historic Preservation Commission which discuss the willful and informed removal by this, developer (without review or permit by your agency) of features believed to have.been eligible for placement on the National Register of Historic Places. The important distinction to be made here' is that the requirements of the Historic Preservation Act extend to properties whichare determined to be eligible for placement on the National Register as well as to those properties which may have already been so listed. The Historic Preservation Commission would greatly appreciate your consideration of these facts in the determination of need for a Public Hearing regarding this permit application. Should the Army corps determine that such Public Hearing not be required, the commission requests that further environmental review be pursued for finding of effect through the process required by Section 106 of the 'Historic Preservation Act. In submitting these exhibits I request that they be made part of the permanent file on this application. In giving cause for this Public Hearing, the Historic Preservation Commission is requesting the opportunity to present reasons for which the Historic Preservation Act requires conservation of those historic\ landscape and architectural features which remain and restoration or reconstruction of those historical features of the site (including topography) which were removed or demolished and which had been identified as eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. Respedpfully submitted David B. Duvall - Director cc: members - Historic Preservation Commission Aladean DeRose - Counsel to the HPC 0