HomeMy WebLinkAbout8436-93 Amending Various Sections Throught Chapter 16 Refuse ORDINANCE No. 8436-93
Passed by the Common Council of the City of South Bend, Indiana_
November 29, Ig 93
Attest: City Clerk
IRENE K. GAMMON
Attest: �� . �. _ President of Common Council
Presented by me to the Mayor of the City of South Bend, Indiana
November 30, z9 93
City Clerk
IRENE K. GAMMON
Approved and signed by me >a// 19 93
(Y-4/44.- Mayor
ORDINANCE NO. 8436-93
SUBSTITUTE ORDINANCE NO. 96-93
AN ORDINANCE OF THE COMMON COUNCIL OF
THE CITY OF SOUTH BEND, INDIANA, AMENDING
VARIOUS SECTIONS THROUGHOUT CHAPTER 16 OF
THE MUNICIPAL CODE ENTITLED "REFUSE"
STATEMENT OF PURPOSE AND INTENT
The purpose of this Ordinance is to address the serious
environmental problems regarding the disposal of solid waste.
Indiana Public Law 10-1990 and the District Solid Waste
Management Plan mandate the reduction of solid waste that is
landfilled or incinerated by thirty-five percent (35%) before
January 1, 1996, and by fifty percent (50%) before January 1,
2001 . To achieve these goals, the City of South Bend must take
more control over the waste stream emanating from the City and
must mandate recycling of certain wastes .
An additional goal of this Ordinance is to assure that each
occupied residence within the City is provided with solid waste
collection services . The City currently collects solid waste
from approximately 75% of the residences in South Bend. The
remainder of the occupants either utilize private solid waste
contractors or dispose of their refuse themselves, often by
dumping it on vacant lots or other unauthorized dumping areas .
This creates health and environmental problems, and the cost of
removing and disposing of this refuse falls on the taxpayer.
Another goal of this Ordinance is to provide solid waste
collection and disposal services to the citizens of South Bend at
the lowest possible cost . By assuming exclusive control over the
residential solid waste stream, the City will benefit from
economies of scale in its collection and disposal activities,
which in conjunction with a modest fee increase, will enable the
City to bring into a positive cash flow a program that is
currently operating at a loss .
To achieve the purposes set out above, this Ordinance
provides that the City will assume exclusive control of all
residential refuse produced by single to four-family dwellings
within the City. This Ordinance prohibits the collection of
residential refuse by private companies, unless they are under
contract with the City, and provides penalties for violation of
such provision. This Ordinance sets monthly fees for residential
refuse collection and disposal for all occupied residences within
the City. This Ordinance prohibits the landfilling of any yard
waste emanating from the City, and requires that such yard waste
be disposed of at the City' s Organic Resource Facility, unless it
is otherwise recycled in a manner approved by the Director of the
Department of Public Works . This Ordinance initially sets the
tipping rates and charges for the purchase of recycled products
from the Organic Resource Facility, but permits future
adjustments to those rates by the Board of Works based upon the
cost of processing, production and operation of the facility.
Finally, this Ordinance changes several requirements regarding
refuse containers and makes other minor structure and content
changes .
CHAPTER 16
REFUSE
ARTICLE 1 . ADMINISTRATION OF CHAPTER
§ 16-1 . Definitions .
§ 16-2 . Board of Public Works : Rules and regulations .
•
insurance by competitive- proposals; procceluTe .
§ 16-3 . Board of Public Works : Purchase of equipment;
personnel; landfill areas, recycling and resource
recovery facilities .
§ 16-4 . Administration of chapter.
ARTICLE 2 . COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL
§ 1G 5 . Collection and disposal systcm; supervision.
§ 16-5 . General Requirements; Supervision.
§ 1G G . Garbage and trash collections : City foes, manner of
collection; private party responsibility.
§ 16-6 . Collection of Residential Refuse; Exceptions; Fees .
§ 16-7 . Collection of refuse: Residential, cCommercial and
industrial .
§ 1G 8 . Containers required; specifications .
§ 16-8 . Residential Refuse Containers Required; Separation
of Yard Waste .
§ 16-9 . Garbage and trash to be collected in containers only.
§ 16-10 . Garbage required to be wrapped.
§ 16-11 . Time and place for collection of garbage and trash.
§ 16-12 . Placement of garbage and trash for collection.
§ 16-12 . 1 .Unauthorized Collection of Residential Refuse;
Penalties .
ARTICLE 3. LITTERING
§ 16-13 . Throwing of litter.
§ 16-14 . Litter in public places.
§ 16-15 . Placement of litter in receptacles .
§ 16-16 . Sweeping litter into public places .
§ 16-17 . Litter from vehicles .
§ 16-18 . Litter on vacant lots .
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§ 16-21 . Depositing commercial and noncommercial handbills
on uninhabited or vacant premises .
§ 16-22 . Exemption for mail and newspapers .
§ 16-23 . Posting notices .
§ 16-24 . Litter on occupied private property.
§ 16-25 . Owner to maintain premises free of litter.
§ 16-26 . Keeping bodies of water free from litter.
ARTICLE 4 . RESERVED
§§ 1G 27 1G . 36. Reserved.
ARTICLE 4 . ORGANIC RESOURCE FACILITY
§ 16-27 . Policy regarding disposal of yard waste.
§ 16-28 . Separation of Yard Waste from trash and garbage;
Tree limbs .
§ 16-29 . Tipping charges; Purchase of recycled yard waste
products; Exemptions .
§§ 16-30 -- 16-36. Reserved.
ARTICLE 5 . REFUSE REGULATIONS
§ 16-37 . Dumping restricted to landfill areas; fee.
§ 16-38 . Dumping refuse on private and public areas or
into streams .
§ 16-39 . Obnoxious materials in sealed containers; combustible
materials to be segregated.
ARTICLE 6. DISPOSAL SITES AND
SANITARY LANDFILLS
§ 16-40 . Uncontrolled dumping deemed nuisance; inspection
upon complaint .
§ 16-41 . Refuse combined with salvageable materials; burning
of refuse.
§ 16-42 . Refuse disposal site; permit required.
§ 1G 43 . Permit application; content; i-ssuance.
§ 16 44 . Prerequisites to permit issuance.
§§ 16-43 -- 16-44 . Reserved.
§ 16-45 . Permit fee; exception.
§ 16-46 . Permit renewal; fee.
§ 16-47 . Inspections; second inspections; reports; access
to property and records .
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§ 16-50 . Garbage grinding requirements .
§ 16-51 . Refuse disposal by other approved methods .
ARTICLE 7 . SANITATION FUND
§ 16-52 . Receipts and disbursements .
ARTICLE 8 . NUISANCES; PENALTY
§ 16-53 . Conditions constituting public nuisances .
§ 16-54 . Citations .
§ 16-55 . Notice prior to abatement by City.
§ 16-56 . Failure to comply with notice to abate.
§ 16-57 . Abatement by City.
§ 16-58 . Duties of owners or persons in control of vacant
lots .
§ 16-59 . Removal of vegetation.
§ 16-60 . Storage of building materials .
§ 16-61 . Penalties .
CHAPTER 16
REFUSE
ARTICLE 1 . ADMINISTRATION OF CHAPTER
Sec. 16-1 . Definitions.
(a) As used in this chapter:
(1) Dirt means natural soil, earth and stone;
(2) Garbage means putrescible animal solid, end
vegetable solid and semi-solid wastes resulting from the
handling, preparation, cooking and consumption of food, excluding
human excreta;
-(3-} Garden refuse shall mean leaves, weeds, grass
cuttings, vines, shrubbery, brush and limb trimmings;
(4) (3) Groundwater means any supply of water beneath the
undisturbed surface of the earth in any natural geological
formation;
(5) (4) Incineration means a process of reducing
combustible wastes to inert residue by high temperature burning;
(G) (5) Litter means garbage, refuse and trash, and all
(7) (6) Person means cities, villages, townships,
counties and other governmental agencies, corporations, companies
and both municipal and private associations, partnerships,
individuals and authorities;
(7) Residential Refuse means refuse generated by or
emanating from single family dwellings and/or multifamily
dwellings containing a maximum of four (4) separate living or
apartment units per dwelling; provided, however, that this term
shall not include refuse generated by a multifamily dwelling that
is physically a part of a larger commercial apartment complex;
(8) Refuse means garbage, trash, yard waste or any
combination thereof;
(9) Trash means nonputrescible solid waste consisting
of both combustible and noncombustible waste such as paper,
cardboard, tin cans, yard clippings, wood, glass, ashes, bedding,
crockery, metal and similar materials, but excluding dirt,
stones, plaster, concrete, building materials, dangerous
materials such as poisons, acids, caustic or infected materials
and animal offal;
(10) Sanitary landfill means a controlled method of refuse
disposal providing compaction and covering daily of the refuse;
(11) Surface water means any body of water whose top
surface is exposed to daylight including flowing bodies as well
as ponds and lakes—L
(12) Yard waste means leaves, grass or shrubbery
cuttings, tree limbs of a diameter of less than six (6) inches,
and other organic refuse arising from the care of lawns and
yards .
Sec. 16-2. Board of Public Works: Rules and regulations.
(a) The Board of Public Works shall promulgate such rules
and regulations as may be necessary to carry into of ect
effectuate the operation and intent of this chapter.
(b) The Board shall promulgate such rules and regulations as
may be necessary to carry into effect effectuate the operation
and intent of the powers and duties mandated by State law.
(a) The Board of Public Works shall have the authority to-
chapter.
(3) years .
Common Council' s Committee on Administration and Finance.
Specifications shall be filed with the Clerk to the Board.
office, and calling for proposals for such coverage by a day not
publications .
(e) The Board shall require cach biddcr to file with such
Board an affidavit that such bidder has not directly or
indirectly entered into any combination, collusion, undertaking
or agreement with any other bidder or other per-son with refs-once
to such bidding, in any way or manner whatever.
(f) Upon proper money appropriation by ordinance, the Board
shall, if a satisfactory proposal is received, let such contract
to the lowest or best bidders .
Sec. 16-3. Board of Public Works: Purchase of equipment;
personnel; landfill areas, recycling and resource
recovery facilities.
(a) The Board of Public Works shall have the authority to
purchase such equipment and employ such personnel as may be
necessary to carry out the provisions and intent of this chapter.
(b) The Board may lease, build, contract for, rent or
purchase the necessary land and facilities to be used as landfill
areas, and recycling or resource recovery facilities .
Sec. 16-4. Administration of chapter.
The City Engineer Director of the Department of Public Works
shall be responsible for the administration and carrying into
effect of this chapter, except for certain duties delegated by
this chapter to other such persons, as set forth in this chapter.
ARTICLE 2 . COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL
-- . _ .
The collection of garbage and trash and a proper system of
disposal of the same may be undertaken by the City and by any
other person, organization or corporation subject chapter
and under the supervision of the Department of Public Works .
Sec. 16-5. General Requirements; Supervision.
The collection and/or disposal of refuse within the
boundaries of the Civil City of South Bend shall be governed by
this chapter and by rules promulgated by the Board of Public
Works to effectuate the operation and intent of this chapter.
The Department of Public Works shall supervise and monitor such
collection and disposal activities to assure that the
requirements of this chapter and the rules of the Board of Public
Works are followed.
-- ' - •
provide for the collection and disposal of trash and garbage from
his premises at least once a week.
(b) The City shall not collect and dispose of garbage or
trash from any residential unit unless said collection and
exclusive right to control the collection and disposal of
residential refuse within the boundaries of the City of South
Bend. The City may exercise its exclusive jurisdiction and right
to control residential refuse by providing collection and
disposal services itself, or the City may, through its Board of
Public Works, contract with others to provide collection and
disposal services on its behalf. No residential refuse, as
defined in this chapter, shall be collected or disposed of except
by the City or by a person or company under contract with the
City to provide such services .
(b) Exceptions and exemptions :
(1) Nothing in this chapter shall prevent any person
who generates or produces residential refuse on property owned or
leased by such person from separating recyclable materials from
such residential refuse and either (1) maintaining title to such
recyclable materials for his own use, or (2) disposing of such
recyclable materials by sale or gift; provided, however, that
such separation and disposition neither creates a public nuisance
nor is otherwise injurious to the public health, welfare and
safety.
(2) Nothing in this chapter shall prevent a person from
purchasing or receiving by gift recyclable materials for
processing or other use; provided, however, that it shall be a
violation of this section for any person to scavenge or remove
recyclables from or near bins placed for removal of recyclables
by the City or its contractor.
(3) Nothing in this chapter shall prevent the removal
from residential premises of discarded building materials, trees,
brush and other vegetation resulting from the activities of
building contractors, commercial tree trimmers or commercial lawn
services; provided, however, that such residential refuse so
removed that falls within the definition of yard waste shall
either be disposed of at the City' s Organic Resource Facility as
provided in Article 4, below, or shall be otherwise recycled in a
manner approved by the Director of the Department of Public
Works .
(4) Nothing in this chapter shall prevent a person from
contracting with a private contractor for the removal of
appliances, furniture, tree limbs, demolition debris or other
waste that would require special equipment or special scheduling
for removal by the Bureau of Solid Waste.
(c) The City shall charge the owner or occupant of each
occupied residence within the City for the collection and
disposal of garbage and trash residential refuse according to the
following schedule:
(1) One-family dwelling with no limit on number of bags
and bundles : Seven dollars ($7 .00) Eight dollars ($8 . 00) per
month.
(2) One-family dwelling where the head of the household
has submitted to the Board of Public Works proof of age sixty-
five (65) or over: Four dollars and fifty cents ($4 .50) Five
dollars and fifty cents ($5 .50) per month.
(3) Two-family dwelling with no limit on containers and
bags : Seven dollars and fifty cents ($7 .50) Ten Dollars ($10 . 00)
per month.
containers and bags : Eleven dollars and fifty cents ($11 .50)
Fifteen Dollars ($15 . 00) per month.
(6) The City shall provide or contract with others to
provide specialty collection services, which allow for collection
of residential refuse from areas other than curbside or
alleyside . Specialty collection service shall be subject to a
monthly charge of Fifteen dollars ($15 . 00) for a single-family
dwelling; provided, however, that where specialized services are
provided to residences where the head of the household is
disabled or sixty-five (65) years of age or older, and where
financial hardship can be demonstrated pursuant to rules and
standards adopted by the Board of Public Works, the monthly fee
for such service shall be Seven dollars and fifty cents ($7 .50) .
(7) The City may provide or contract with others to
provide curbside collection of recyclables . If such collection
is performed by the City, the fee for such service may be set by
the Board of Public Works after a public hearing to a fee
reflective of the actual cost to the City of providing such
service . If the service is performed by a contractor selected
pursuant to a public bid process, the monthly fee for such
service to the public may be determined by the bid or may be set
by the Board of Public Works as set out above .
(6) (8) Pickup of appliances, furniture and other
miscellaneous items : Appliances, furniture and other
miscellaneous items will be picked up as a part of the regularly
city solid wastc customer, provided that no special equipment is
- : ' - - - . _ _ ' - -- - which, in
the opinion of the manager of the Bureau of Solid Waste, require
special equipment or special scheduling, or pick up requested by
subject to the following charges : Eight dollars and fifty cents
($8 .50) minimum for one itcm and three dollars and fifty cents
($3 .50) for each additional item to be picked up. When the extra
items to be pickcd up arc items such as brush, construction or
demolition debris or items other than appliances and furniture,
customer with an estimated removal cost . This total cost shall
replace the per item cost listed previously. shall be picked up
by the City from residential customers subject to the following
charges :
(1) First large item (appliance, sofa,
etc No Charge
(2) Second large item or 1/2 cubic yard
of construction or demolition debris . . $ 10 . 00
(3) Per cubic yard $ 20 . 00
(4) Per truck load (18 cubic yards) $420 . 00
The manager of the Bureau of Solid Waste shall, upon
request, provide the customer with an estimated removal cost . In
such a case, the items will be removed by the Bureau only after
acceptance by the customer of the estimated removal costs .
(9) The City may provide residential refuse collection
services to residences outside of the corporate limits of South
Bend. The fee for such service shall be based upon the fee
schedule for residences within the City plus a surcharge equal to
twenty percent (20%) of the fees for City residents set out
above.
sanitation vehicles clean, orderly and passable at all times .
Sec. 16-7. Collection of refuse: Residential, eCommercial and
industrial.
(a) The City and any other person, organization or
corporation, properly licensed under this chapter, may collect
and dispose of all garbage and trash from residential units .
Garbage and trash shall be placcd in containers and receptacles
as sot forth in this article.
(b) (a) The collection of garbage and trash refuse
and a proper system [of disposal] for disposal of the same may be
undertaken by any person, organization or corporation for all
commercial, retail, industrial, professional, apartment,
institutional or governmental units subject to the provisions of
this chapter and under the supervision of the Department of
Public Works . The term "apartment units" as used in this Section
refers to multi-building apartment complexes and to individual
apartment buildings with more than four (4) separate apartments
or living units per building.
(c) (b) It is the responsibility of every owner, tenant or
lessee to provide a proper system of for collection and disposal
of refuse for all commercial, retail, industrial, professional,
apartment, institutional or governmental units at least once a
week subject to the provisions of this chapter.
(d) (c) The collection of commercial or industrial waste,
refuse, trash and garbage of any kind, type or nature shall not
be the responsibility of the City, but the City may engage in
such collection activities .
(a) Each owner, occupant or lessee of any building, house or
provide containers for garbage and trash of not less than ten
(10) gallons capacity, nor more than thirty two (32) gallons-
capacity.
(b) The Department of Public Works may allow the use of
(c) Such containers shall be of a metal or durable plastic
sufficiently strong for workmen to conveniently empty. Larger
containers up to a maximum capacity of fifty five (55) gallons
may be used for the deposit of trash only. No container shall,
with contents, weigh more than seventy five (75) pounds . Sturdy
leaves and other like matter.
(d) Containers containing garbage shall be kept covered at
all times . All trash containcrs should be sufficient to prevent
the blowing, scattering or spreading of trash. The Department of
Public Works shall be the final judge of the sufficiency of such
containers .
Sec. 16-8. Residential Refuse Containers Required; Separation
of Yard Waste.
(a) Each owner, occupant or lessee of any single or
contents, more than seventy-five (75) pounds .
(b) Refuse containers up to a maximum capacity of fifty-five
(55) gallons may be used as receptacles for refuse that is bagged
in sturdy plastic bags . City collectors will remove bagged
refuse from such containers, but will not lift such containers to
empty them. Unbagged refuse in such containers will not be
removed by the City. Such refuse is the responsibility of the
owner or occupant, and may constitute a nuisance.
(c) The Department of Public Works may allow the use of
special containers for residential refuse where mechanical means
are used for emptying such refuse into the truck.
(d) Yard waste, as defined herein, shall be collected by the
City on a weekly basis for disposal and recycling at the City' s
Organic Resource Facility. Each owner, occupant or lessee of any
single or multifamily dwelling shall separate and keep separate
any yard waste from the remainder of the residential refuse for
collection. Such yard waste shall be placed in sturdy plastic
bags or other containers for collection segregated from the trash
and garbage. Tree limbs and brush of a diameter of less than six
(6) inches shall be bundled together in lengths of forty-eight
(48) inches or less . Nothing in this section shall prohibit any
person from recycling yard wastes on their own property for their
own use or from giving such yard wastes to another for recycling
or use; provided, however, that such recycling neither creates a
public nuisance nor is otherwise injurious to the public health,
welfare or safety. Nothing in this section shall be construed to
prohibit the deposit of leaves in a neat and careful manner in
the tree lawn of any street in the Autumn during the period
designated by the Department of Public Works for collection.
(e) Containers containing garbage shall be kept covered at
all times . Containers containing trash and yard waste shall be
sufficient to prevent the blowing, scattering or spreading of
such trash and yard waste. The Department of Public Works shall
be the final judge of the sufficiency of such containers .
Sec. 16-9. Garbage and trash to be collected in containers only.
Collections by the City shall be made only of garbage and
trash residential refuse that is contained in containers or as
otherwise set out in section 16-8, above. In no event shall City
collectors pick up, rake or sweep up garbage or household trash
or trash from the ground, except as provided in section 1G 5G16
57 .
Sec. 16-10. Garbage required to be wrapped.
(a) All accumulations of garbage which shall be placed in
containers shall be securely wrapped to prevent its exposure to
the air.
(b) All trash containing any garbage particles must be
placed in containers with tight-fitting lids or covers .
Sec. 16-11 . Time and place for collection of garbage and trash.
(a) Garbage and trash Residential refuse shall be collected
at least once a week.
(b) The Department of Public Works shall establish all
routes for City collection throughout the City.
hauler, and placed in such a manner and in such a place that such
containers will not constitute a public nuisance in any respect .
(b) Where alley collections are to be made, such containers
shall be placed within five (5) feet of the alley line at the
time and day of collection, but shall not at any time be placed
within the limits of the alley itself. In those areas where, in
the opinion of the Department of Public Works, collection by
alley is not practical or feasible, or in those areas where no
alleys exist at all, the containers shall be placed for
collection in compliance with the rules and regulations that
shall be adopted by the Department of Public Works .
(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed so as to
prevent a private trash haulcr from contracting with any
residential unit for other than curbside or alley pickup so long
as such pickup does not constitute a public nuisance in any
respect .
(c) In those areas where alley collection is not available
and refuse containers are allowed to be placed on the front yard
or tree lawn for collection, such containers shall not be placed
on the front yard or tree lawn area before 12 : 00 noon on the day
prior to collection, and must be removed from the front yard or
tree lawn area on the day of collection. Placing or leaving
refuse containers on such areas at any other times shall
constitute a public nuisance under section 16-53 of this chapter.
(d) Residential refuse shall be placed for collection at the
residence at which it was generated. It shall be a violation of
this Section for any person to place refuse for collection by the
City or its contractor that was not generated at that residence
or by the occupants or guests of that residence.
Sec. 16-12. 1 Unauthorized Collection of Residential Refuse;
Penalties.
Except as provided in Section 16-6 (b) above, it shall be unlawful
for any person not employed by the City or under contract with
the City for such purpose to take, collect or transport
residential refuse from any premises for the purpose of hauling,
dumping or disposing of the same . Any person violating this
provision shall be fined an amount not to exceed two thousand
five hundred dollars ($2, 500 . 00) for each offense. Each
violation shall constitute a separate offense and be punishable
as such.
ARTICLE 3. LITTERING
Sec. 16-13. Throwing of litter.
No person shall throw or cause to be thrown litter or any
dangerous or offensive substance at a any car, vehicle, house,
buildings et- fence, yard, street or sidewalk.
Sec. 16-14 . Litter in public places.
(a) No person shall throw, place, deposit or cause to be
thrown, placed or deposited, litter or any dangerous or offensive
substances in or upon any public place except in a public
receptacle or in an authorized private receptacle for private
collection.
A person placing litter in public receptacles or in private
receptacles shall do so in a manner so as to prevent it from
being blown, carried or deposited by the elements upon public
places or private property.
Sec. 16-16. Sweeping litter into public places.
(a) No person shall sweep, cast, throw or deposit or cause
to be swept, cast, thrown, or deposited in any public place the
accumulation of litter from a building or lot or from a public or
private sidewalk or driveway, except as permitted by this Article
Chapter.
(b) All persons owning or occupying property shall keep the
sidewalk in front of their premises and the alleyway, if any,
behind their premises free from litter.
(c) Nothing in this Article Chapter shall be construed to
prohibit the deposit of leaves in a neat and careful manner in
the gutter tree lawn of any street in the Autumn during a period
designated by the Board of Public Works and Safety or their
designee . Leaves so placed shall not be piled to a depth of more
than eighteen (18) inches and no other materials shall be placed
in or near such leaves .
Sec. 16-17. Litter from vehicles.
(a) No person shall throw or deposit litter upon a public or
private place from a vehicle.
(b) No person shall drive or move a truck or other vehicle
unless the vehicle is to constructed, loaded, or covered as to
prevent any load or contents of litter from being blown or
deposited upon any public or private place.
(c) No person shall drive or move any vehicle or truck
within the City, the wheels or tires of which carry on to or
deposit in any street, alley or other public or private place
mud, dirt, sticky substance or foreign matter of any kind.
Sec. 16-18. Litter on vacant lots.
No person shall throw, place, deposit or permit to be
thrown, placed or deposited, upon any public or private lot,
litter of any description.
Sec. 16-19. Throwing or distributing commercial handbills in
public places.
(a) No person shall throw or deposit a commercial or
noncommercial handbill in or upon a sidewalk, street, or other
public place.
(b) No person shall hand out or distribute or sell a
commercial handbill in a public place.
(c) This Section shall not apply to the distribution in any
public place, without charge to the receiver thereof, a
noncommercial handbill to any person willing to accept it .
Sec. 16-20. Placing commercial and noncommercial handbills on
vehicles.
(a) No person shall throw or deposit commercial and
Sec. 16-21. Depositing commercial and noncommercial handbills
on uninhabited or vacant premises.
(a) No person shall throw or deposit a commercial or
noncommercial handbill in or upon a private premises which is
temporarily or continuously uninhabited or vacant, except by
handing or transmitting such handbill directly to the owner,
occupant or other person then present in or upon such private
premises .
(b) In case of inhabited private premises which are not
posted, the distributor, unless requested by anyone upon the
premises not to do so, shall have the authority to place or
deposit a handbill in or upon such inhabited private premises, if
the handbill is so placed or deposited as to secure or prevent
the handbill from being blown or drifted about such premises or
sidewalks, streets or other public places .
(c) Mailboxes may not be used when prohibited by Federal
postal law or regulations.
Sec. 16-22. Exemption for mail and newspapers.
The provisions of section 16-21 shall not apply to the
distribution of mail by the United States, nor to newspapers .
Sec. 16-23. Posting notices.
No person shall post or affix a notice, poster or other
paper or device, calculated to attract the attention of the
public, to a lamp post, public utility pole or shade tree or upon
any public or private structure or building, except as may be
authorized by the owners thereof or required by law.
Sec. 16-24 . Litter on occupied private property.
(a) No person shall throw, deposit or store litter on any
occupied private property, whether owned by such person or not .
(b) The owner or person in control of private property may
maintain private receptacles for collection and removal of litter
in such a manner that the receptacles shall not be unsightly and
detrimental to the surrounding neighbors .
Sec. 16-25. Owner to maintain premises free of litter.
(a) The owner or person in control of private property shall
maintain the premises free of litter at all times .
(b) This section shall not prohibit the storage of litter in
private receptacles for collection.
Sec. 16-26. Keeping bodies of water free from litter.
Any property owner and occupant thereof abutting bodies of
water, to the extent of his ownership or occupancy, shall keep
the banks and stream beds and bodies of water free of litter,
refuse and rubbish, regardless of the source of the litter.
ARTICLE 4 . RESERVED
Secs. 1G 27 16.3G. Reserved.
It is hereby stated as the policy and the law of the City of
South Bend that all yard waste as defined herein generated by or
emanating from the City, whether from residential, commercial,
industrial, institutional or governmental sources, shall not be
landfilled. Such yard waste, whether collected by the City,
commercial lawn services, tree services or private carriers,
shall be disposed of at the City' s Organic Resource Facility for
recycling; provided, however, that nothing herein shall prevent
any individual or company from otherwise recycling yard waste in
a manner approved by the Director of the Department of Public
Works .
Sec. 16-28. Separation of Yard Waste from trash and garbage;
Tree limbs.
All generators, handlers, collectors and haulers of yard
waste shall handle such waste in a manner so as to assure that
yard waste will not be co-mingled with trash and garbage. Yard
waste may be delivered to the Organic Resource Facility in
plastic or paper bags or in a loose condition; provided, however,
that all brush and tree limbs shall be segregated from the
remainder of the yard waste, shall be cut in lengths not to
exceed forty-eight (48) inches and bundled. The Organic Resource
Facility cannot process and will not accept tree limbs in excess
of six (6) inches in diameter or stumps . These items may be
disposed of by landfill or in any other lawful manner.
Sec. 16-29. Tipping charges; Purchase of recycled yard waste
products; Exemptions.
(a) Tipping charges for disposal of yard waste at the
Organic Resource facility are set at three dollars and sixty-five
cents ($3 . 65) per cubic yard.
(b) Compost, wood chips and other recycled yard waste
products may be purchased from the Organic Resource Facility for
two dollars ($2 . 00) per cubic yard for quantities exceeding one
(1) cubic yard. Recycled yard waste products of a quantity of
one (1) cubic yard or less may be obtained from the Organic
Resource Facility at no charge.
(c) The Board of Public Works, pursuant to the powers
granted by IC 36-9-30, may from time to time adjust and change
the tipping charges at the Organic Resource Facility and the
charges for the purchase of recycled yard waste products set out
above . Such changes and adjustments may be made only after a
public hearing and shall be based upon the actual cost of
processing the yard waste, producing the recycled product and
operating the Organic Resource Facility, including the
establishment of a reasonable reserve for capital improvements .
(d) The following programs and departments of the City shall
be exempt from payment of the tipping charges set out above:
Operation Releaf
Solid Waste/Yard Waste Program
Park Department .
(e) All City departments and programs shall be exempt from
the payment of charges for recycled yard waste products .
Secs. 16-30 -- 16-36. Reserved.
or trash of any type, kind or nature, except in such areas as arc
have been designated by the Board of Public Works all required
federal, state and local agencies as landfill areas, or upon such
terms and regulations as may be provided for in this chapter_ e-r
which may be enacted by the Board of Public Works .
(b) Subject to the restrictions set forth in Sec . 16-6, aA
licensed hauler or any other person may dump or dispose of any
garbage, garden refuse, refuse or trash of any kind, type of or
nature in those areas designated by the Board of Public Works all
required federal, state and local agencies as landfill areas
except that yard waste shall be disposed of as provided in
Article 4, above . Such person dumping in such landfill areas may
be charged a fec to be determined by the Board of Public Works or
other governmental agency.
Sec. 16-38. Dumping refuse on private and public areas or into
streams.
(a) Except as provided in this chapter, no person shall dump
dirt, garbage, yard waste, refuse or trash of any
type, kind or nature on any private or public areas or into any
streams running through or adjacent to the City. This
prohibition shall not apply to transfer stations operated as a
part of the City' s system of refuse collection and disposal .
(b) This prohibition shall not apply to any materials both
produced by an industrial process and dumped or stored in a safe,
sanitary and unoffensive manner by such person on property owned
or operated by 1 -4m such person for further processing or use; and
provided further that this prohibition shall not apply to the
temporary dumping of topsoil or mulch upon property, dumping
resulting from excavations, and dumping resulting from
landscaping all as a part of the construction process .
Sec. 16-39. Obnoxious materials in sealed containers; combustible
materials to be segregated.
(a) All odoriferous, unwholesome or obnoxious materials,
things and objects, while located on the property of any person,
shall be kept tightly and securely sealed within a container.
(b) All materials, things or objects which are combustible
shall be segregated and kept in a covered container.
ARTICLE 6. DISPOSAL SITES AND
SANITARY LANDFILLS
Sec. 16-40. Uncontrolled dumping deemed nuisance; inspection
upon complaint.
(a) The uncontrolled dumping of dirt, garbage, garden refuse
yard waste, refuse or trash of any type, kind or nature on any
private or public area or into any streams running through or
adjacent to the City is declared a nuisance hazardous to the
health and well-being of the residents of the City.
(b) Upon a complaint being filed with the Environmental
_ = ' - of the City City' s Department of Code Enforcement,
- a Code Enforcement Officer shall inspect any
land or stream where alleged uncontrolled dumping has taken
place.
Sec. 16-41 . Refuse combined with salvageable materials; burning
of refuse.
(a) Businesses or persons who receive or obtain refuse in
combination with materials to be salvaged shall comply with the
provisions of this chapter, except that refuse not containing
garbage may be separated from salvageable material; provided,
that the refuse must be removed to an approved refuse disposal
site within twenty-four (24) hours after its receipt .
(b) Burning of refuse to free salvageable materials shall
not be permitted except in an incinerator and on a site approved
by the Health Officer end the Board of Public Works and all
required federal, state and local agencies . Special burning in
open areas may be arrart-gcd at the discrction of the Health
Officer and the Board of Public Works and Safety.
Sec. 16-42. Refuse disposal a to operation; permit required.
County Health Department shall not accept refuse for disposal or
operate a refuse disposal site for any purpose. No person shall
operate a refuse disposal operation within the City without the
approval of all required federal, state and local agencies and a
permit issued by the Board of Public Works .
(a) Every person desiring to accept-refuse or operate a
refuse disposal site for any purpose shall make written
application to the County Health Department on forms provided by
that office .
(b) Information necessary shall include, in writing:
(1) the name and address of the applicant;
(2) a description of the disposal area;
(3) location of the site;
(4) Description of equipment to be used;
(5) A description of the method of disposal to be
employed; and
(G) Such other-pertinent information as may be required
by the Health Officer.
(c) Upon approval of such application, the County Health
Department shall issue a permit to the applicant .
The County Health Department shall issue permits- to
applicants, provided that such permits arc limitcd to per one
Board of Public Works and Safety and the Board of Zoning Appeals
and have equipment and personnel to disposc-e-f-rese in
accordance with the provisions of this Chapter. The Board of
Zoning Appeals shall refer all requests to the Area Plan
Commission for their study and recommendation.
Secs. 16-43 -- 16-44. Reserved.
(b) All others shall pay a e permit fee of One Hundred
Dollars ($100 . 00) Five Hundred Dollars ($500 . 00) to the City upon
permit approval by the Health Officer Board of Public Works .
Sec. 16-46. Permit renewal; fee.
(a) A permit issued under this Article shall expire on
December 31 of each year. Permits shall be issued annually in
the same manner as provided for under S et—en 1G 12 .
(b) The annual e permit renewal fee shall be Fifty
Dollars ($50 . 00) Two Hundred Dollars ($200 . 00) .
Sec. 16-47. Inspections; second inspections; reports; access
to property and records.
(a) At least once each month, the Health Officer shall
inspect each refuse disposal site. In case the Health Officer
discovers a violation of any item of sanitation pertinent to the
provisions of the Chapter, he shall make a second inspection
after the lapse of such time as he deems necessary for the defect
to be remedied. The second inspection shall be used in
determining compliance with the terms of this Chapter. Any
violation - - - remaining on the
second inspection shall be cause for suspension or revocation of
the permit .
(b) One (1) copy of the Health Officer' s inspection report,
on which violations of any item of sanitation pertinent to the
provisions of this Chapter are inscribed, shall be left at the
refuse disposal site by the Health Officer. Another copy of the
inspection report shall be filed by the Health Officer with the
records of the Health Department and a third copy filed with the
Board of Public Works .
(c) The person operating the disposal site shall, upon
request of the Health Officer, permit access to all parts of the
grounds by such Health Officer and permit him to copy any and all
records pertaining to the sources of refuse transported thereto
for disposal .
Sec. 16-48. Sanitary landfill operation requirements.
(a) When the permit application for accepting refuse or
operating a refuse disposal system as required under Section 1G
43 is for a sanitary landfill system, a topographic map of the
proposed disposal site and surrounding area within eight hundred
(800) feet of the site as prepared by an engineer registered in
the State, at a scale of not over one hundred (100) feet to the
inch with two (2) foot contour intervals, shall be submitted with
the initial application and for any major proposed changes in the
operation. The map shall also include fencing, drainage
provisions, adjacent property and road grades and final grade of
the area. Where necessary to facilitate a proper evaluation of
the proposed operation, the topographic map shall be supplemented
by detailed plans and specifications and engineering studies .
The map and supplementary documents described herein shall be
subject to review and approval by the State Board of Health and
all required federal, state and local agencies .
(b) The area selected for the disposal of refuse shall be
controlled by established hours of operation, and have an
adequate perimeter fence on all exposed sides . Entrance gates
shall be locked to prevent entrance of unauthorized personnel
(d) Suitable sanitary facilities shall be provided for
employees where operations continue for four (4) hour periods or
longer per day.
(e) All material delivered to the site shall be compacted
and covered with six (6) inches of earth at the close of each
working day. Final cover when establishing grade shall consist
of at least two (2) feet of compacted earth. The earth cover
material shall be inert and relatively free of organic matter,
tree roots, branches, stone more than six (6) inches in diameter,
bulky building materials and have a low clay content .
(f) The face of the working fill shall be kept as narrow as
possible and protection shall be afforded to control blowing
papers and other debris .
(g) Fills exceeding a six (6) foot lift shall require
special approval from the Health Officer.
(h) The location and operation of any refuse disposal site
shall be in such a manner as not to contribute to the pollution
of surface or underground waters groundwater where such pollution
is deemed by the Health Officer as a hazard to the public health.
(i) The finished area shall be sloped to provide drainage
and seeded to prevent erosion. Such area surface shall be
maintained for a period of two (2) years after being completed to
correct any erosion or settling that may develop.
(j) In operations where dust on the site and approaches
thereto becomes a nuisance to adjacent property owners, the
Health Officer shall require that dust control measures be
provided.
(k) A set-back line of at least thirty-five (35) feet from
any surface or underground drainage ways shall be established for
each disposal site .
Land-fill disposal operations shall be located at least two
hundred (200) feet from any private water supply and the location
of any land-fill within eight hundred (800) feet of a public
water supply is prohibited unless otherwise approved by the
Health Department and appropriate Plan Commission or Board of
Zoning Appeals .
Sanitary land-fills shall not be established within three
hundred (300) feet of any industrial or commercial building nor
within six hundred (600) feet of any dwelling place except upon
special permission and review of the County Health Department,
appropriate Plan Commission or Board of Zoning Appeals .
(1) Access road shall be designated and maintained so that
traffic to the disposal site will flow smoothly and will not be
interrupted by ordinary inclement weather.
(m) Scavenging shall be permitted only if salvaged material
is removed from the site daily and does not interfere with the
orderly operation of the land-fill . This Section in no way
precludes the right of a land-fill operator to prevent scavenging
as a part of his operational standards .
(n) Emergency equipment shall be available on the site or
suitable arrangements made for such equipment from other sources
during equipment breakdowns or during peak loads .
•
(p) If in the opinion of the Health Officer, an insect or
rodent problem exists, he may require that the operator institute
a baiting or insecticide spraying program.
(q) Dangerous material such as poisons, acids, caustics and
explosives shall not be deposited on the grounds without special
permissions of the Health Officer unless permitted by required
federal, state and local agencies and regulations . Other
materials may be excluded by the land-fill operator.
Sec. 16-49. Incineration regulations; registration; permit; fee;
emissions.
(a) The operation and site of any incinerator exceeding a
capacity of eight hundred (800) pounds per hour shall be approved
subject to approval by the Health Department, Board of Public
Works and Safety and the Board of Zoning Appeals and all
required federal, state and local agencies . The Board of Zoning
Appeals shall refer all requests to the Area Plan Commission for
study and recommendation.
(b) Plans and specifications for any incinerator exceeding a
capacity of eight hundred (800) pounds per hour shall be prepared
by an engineer registered in the State. The plans and
specifications shall be approved by the State Board of Health
ftnd the Health Department and all required federal, state and
local agencies .
(c) A permit and license shall be required to operate an
incinerator which exceeds a capacity of eight hundred (800)
pounds per hour. The permit fee shall be One Hundred Dollars
($100 . 00) Five Hundred Dollars ($500 . 00) . The annual license fee
shall be Five Dollars ($5 . 00) Fifty Dollars ($50 . 00) per one
hundred (100) pounds per hour capacity of the incinerator.
(d) No person owning or in charge of a fuel burning,
combustion or process equipment or device, or portable boilerr
open firc used for the purpose of refuse disposal shall cause,
suffer or allow the emission or discharge of smoke or particulate
matter from any single c into the atmosphere in such
quantities as to constitute a violation of federal, state and
local law or, in the discretion of the Health Officer, would
contribute to a public nuisance or hazard to the public health.
Sec. 16-50. Garbage grinding requirements.
(a) Nothing contained in this chapter shall be construed to
prevent the disposal of residential and commercial garbage of
private or municipal by garbage grinders; provided, that
provided that the installation and operation of any garbage
grinder equipped with a motor of three-fourths (3/4) horsepower
(0 .76 hp metric) or greater shall be subject to review and
approval by the Board of Public Works as provided by Sec. 17-
8 (c) (2) of this Code. The disposal of ground garbage shall
comply with the provisions of Chapters 16 and 17 of the Municipal
Code.
(b) The operation and site of any garbage grinder with a
capacity of eight hundred (800) pounds per hour shall be approved
by the Health Department, Board of Public Works and the Board of
requests to the Area Plan Commission for study and
recommendation.
(b) Where only inert refuse is disposed of by a firm or
individual on his own property, the IIealth Officer may issue a
Such disposal shall be performed in such a manner as not to
create a nuisance or hazard to the public health.
ARTICLE 7 . SANITATION FUND
Sec. 16-52 . Receipts and disbursements.
(a) The administration of this chapter and the operation of
the City trash and garbage pickup shall be financed by an
appropriation or transfer to an appropriately designated fund
classification.
(b) All revenues derived from the collection of rates fees
and charges for trash and garbage pickup shall become and be a
part of the trash and garbage maintenance and general expense
fund and shall be deposited, held and used as a revolving fund
for the payment of necessary expenses incurred for, but not
limited to, billing and collection of fees, purchase of equipment
and maintenance of equipment .
(c) The waterworks of the City of South Bend shall bill fees
and charges for the trash and garbage pickup and shall collect
such fees and charges and deposit such moneys to the revolving
fund provided for in subsection (b) of this section.
(d) The waterworks shall be compensated for their efforts in
the billing and collection of fees .
(e) The Department of Public Works shall present to the
Common Council of the City of South Bend an annual budget before
November 1st of each year. The budget shall be received and
approved by the Common Council before November 30th of each year.
ARTICLE 8 . NUISANCES; PENALTY
Sec. 16-53. Conditions constituting public nuisances.
(a) In addition to what is declared in this article and Code
to be a public nuisance, those offenses which are known to the
common law and the Statutes of Indiana as public nuisances may,
when found to exist within the City limits, be treated as such
and be proceeded against as provided in this article and Code, or
in accordance with any other provisions of law. Wherever the
word "nuisance" is used in this article it refers to a public
nuisance.
(b) No owner, occupant, tenant, or any other person having a
substantial interest in any real or personal property within the
City, or any agent thereof, shall permit or allow to remain on or
within such property or upon public ways abutting such real
property any materials, trash, garbage, debris or any other
matter which is detrimental to public health, comfort, safety or
to the aesthetic well—being of the community.
(c) The following conditions shall be considered to
constitute public nuisances for the purpose of this chapter:
(1) Litter.
(4) Boxes, appliances, furniture, household items and
tires .
(5) Demolition remains .
(6) Open excavations, uncovered or improperly covered
holes, whether lined or unlined, and dirt piles on any open or
unfenced real property within the City.
(7) Accumulated garbage and trash.
(8) Automobile parts, disassembled automobiles,
automobiles without engines, plumbing and piping materials and
parts and scrap metal .
(9) Structures defaced with paint or wording.
(10) Any portion of real property which emits an
unwholesome odor.
(11) Any waste water, filth, offal, garbage, rubbish,
animal waste, human excrement, which is deposited, allowed or
caused to be upon any public or private property.
(12) Any water or any other substance which is caused or
permitted to flow onto or be deposited upon any public property
or public way, except natural surface water drainage.
(13) Any dead domestic or wild animal .
(14) The erection of a dam or any other obstruction by a
private party which prevents the natural flow of water and causes
it to collect in pool upon any public property.
(15) Any real or personal property which is infected
with contagious disease and is likely to cause an immediate
health hazard.
(16) The placing or accumulating on or within any real
or personal property or the permitting of same, of any matter
which attracts or may attract rodents, insects, domestic or wild
animals in such a manner as to create a health hazard or
unsanitary or dangerous condition.
(17) Any real or personal property, used as a place of
residence or habitation or for sleeping, that is maintained in
such a way as to be dangerous or detrimental to life or health
due to lack of or defects in water, drainage, heat, electricity,
plumbing, ventilation or garbage and trash removal .
(18) The storage of any explosive, combustible or other
material which creates a safety or health hazard.
(19) Trees, shrubbery, weeds, snow or other matter
obstructing public ways, or causing visual barriers which create
vehicular traffic or pedestrian safety hazards .
(20) Trash or garbage containers left upon the sidewalk,
the area between a street and sidewalk or the front or side yard,
except as permitted by this Code for trash and garbage collection
purposes .
(21) Building materials stored on any lot in violation
of Sec. 16-60, below.
compliance and have not done so, the Board of Public Works or its
designee may request that a Neighborhood Code Enforcement officer
issue a city ordinance violation citation to the record owner of
the property or to the person shown to have right of exclusive
possession of the property. Such citation shall impose a twenty
five dollar ($25 . 00) fine in conformance with Sec. 16-61, below.
Each subsequent day of violation shall be considered a separate
violation for which a citation may be issued.
Sec. 16-55. Notice prior to abatement by City.
The Board of Public Works or its designee shall give forty-
eight (48) hours' notice, in writing, to remove from any real or
personal property within the City any object or condition which
is deemed to be a public nuisance under section 16-53 of this
article. Such notice shall be given to the owner of record or
his agent,- and to any tenant or occupant and to any other party
known to have a substantial interest in of the property upon
which the nuisance exists . Notice to the record owner may be
mailed to his last known address . Notice to any tenant or
occupant may be given by posting same in a prominent place upon
the premises where the nuisance is located. Notice to any other
his agent .
Sec. 16-56. Failure to comply with notice to abate.
Failure, neglect, or refusal by the record owner or his
agent,- or the tenant or occupant, or any other party known to
have a substantial interest in the property, to comply with the
terms of the notice given pursuant to section 1G 54 16-55 shall
constitute a violation of this article. Each day' s failure,
neglect or refusal to abate the nuisance following notice
pursuant to section 1G 54 16-55 shall constitute a violation of
following notice shall constitute a separate offense under this
article separate offense under this Article.
Sec. 16-57. Abatement by City.
Upon the failure, neglect or refusal of any party to whom
notice to abate a nuisance has been given under section 1G 54 16-
55 or whenever a nuisance exists which creates a health or safety
hazard requiring immediate abatement in order to protect public
health or safety and all persens known to have a substantial
_ ' . - - . - . - = - . 4 - 4444 4 = ' - 4 - - _ 44- 4
compliance and have not done so, the Board of Public Works or its
designee may abate the nuisance, keeping accurate account of all
costs, and bill them to the record owner or to the person shown
to have the right of exclusive possession of the property.
Appropriate legal action may be taken to collect such costs if
they remain unpaid forty-five (45) days after the
billing date. Unpaid costs may be made a lien against the
property.
Sec. 16-58. Duties of owners or persons in control of vacant
lots.
(a) Any person owning or controlling any vacant lot within
the City must keep same free of trash, litter, debris, garbage
and similar material .
article, the Board of Public Works or its designee shall proceed
with notice and abatement procedures as set forth in sections 16-
55, 16-56 and 16-57 of this article.
Sec. 16-59. Removal of vegetation.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this article, the
Board of Public Works or its designee may employ the procedures
set forth in IC 3G 7 10 3 for the removal of vegetation and IC
36-7-10 . 1 for the collection of removal costs when weeds or grass
on real property reach a height of more than twelve (12) inches
and the landowner, after proper notice, fails to remove the
vegetation.
Sec. 16-60. Storage of building materials.
Building materials and equipment may be placed or stored on
lots zoned as residential or commercial only during the process
of building on said lot or for a period of no longer than one
month prior to a commencement of building and no longer than ten
(10) days after the completion of building on said lot .
Sec. 16-61 . Penalties.
Except as otherwise provided, Aany person violating a
provision of this chapter shall, upon conviction be deemed guilty
of an offense and fined not less than - - - • :: --
($25 . 00) fifty dollars ($50 . 00) for a first offense, not less
than one hundred dollars ($100 . 00) for a second offense and not
less than two hundred dollars ($200 . 00) for all subsequent
offenses, but no fine for any individual offense shall exceed
twenty-five hundred dollars ($2, 500 . 00) . Each day after the
expiration date of the time limit ordered by the Board of Public
Works or its designee for abating a nuisance condition under this
chapter shall constitute a distinct and separate offense.
Section II . Article 16 of Chapter 2 of the South Bend
Municipal Code is amended to read as follows :
ARTICLE 16. REICERVED
Secs. 2 13C 2 204. Reserved.
ARTICLE 16. INSURANCE
Sec. 2-197. Board of Public Works: Authority to purchase
Insurance by competitive proposals; procedure.
(a) The Board of Public Works shall have the authority to
purchase insurance to cover the liability of the City as may be
necessary to carry out the provisions and intent of this Code.
(b) Effective immediately all contracts for liability
insurance coverage shall be subject to competitive proposals
every three (3) years.
(c) Complete specifications for such insurance shall be
approved by a committee whose members shall include the City
Attorney, Controller, Deputy Controller and Chairman of the
bidders of the general nature of the insurance coverage needed
and of the facts that complete specifications are on file in such
office, and calling for proposals for such coverage by a day not
earlier than thirty (30) days after the last of such
publications .
(e) The Board shall require each bidder to file with such
Board an affidavit that such bidder has not directly or
indirectly entered into any combination, collusion, undertaking
or agreement with any other bidder or other person with reference
to such bidding, in any way or manner whatever.
(f) Upon proper money appropriation by ordinance, the Board
shall, if a satisfactory proposal is received, let such contract
to the lowest responsible and responsive bidder.
Secs. 2 -- 2-204. Reserved.
Section III . This Ordinance shall be in full force and
effect as of January 1, 1994, and from and after its adoption by
the Common Council, approval by the Mayor and legal publication.
Ae
Member of t!i Common Council