HomeMy WebLinkAboutBill No. 19-42 Multi-Hazard Mitigation PlanMulti-Hazard Mitigation Plan
St. Joseph County, Indiana
Contact:
John Antonucci, Director
Emergency Management Agency
South Bend Central Fire Station 1222 South Michigan Street South Bend, IN 46601
(574)235-9378
johnsjcema@gmail.com
2017
www.stjosephcountyindiana.com/307 /Emergency-Management
Prepared By:
The Polis Center
School of Liberal Arts
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis
1200 Waterway Blvd. Indianapolis, IN 46202 polis@iupui.edu
www.polis.iupui.edu
(317)274-2455
BILL NO. 19-42 MULTI-HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN
2
Table of Contents
3
4
5
6
7
8
Figure 1-1: An Integrated Planning Process
9
10
11
Table 2-1: Jurisdiction Participation
# Jurisdiction Name Jurisdiction Type 2010 participant 2017 participant
1 South Bend City Yes Yes
2 Indian Village Town Yes No
3 Lakeville Town Yes Yes
4 Mishawaka Town Yes Yes
5 New Carlisle Town Yes Yes
6 North Liberty Town Yes Yes
7 Osceola Town Yes No
8 Roseland Town Yes No
9 Walkerton Town Yes No
12
Table 2-2: Hazard Mitigation Planning Team
Name Title Organization Jurisdiction
John Antonucci EMA Director County Emergency Management Agency St. Joseph County
Kalee Ziots EMA Deputy Director County Emergency Management Agency St. Joseph County
Elaine Horvath Office Manager County Emergency Management Agency St. Joseph County
Jim Lopez Special Projects
Coordinator County Emergency Management Agency St. Joseph County
Bryon Woodward Fire Chief Mishawaka Fire Department Mishawaka
Greg Hunt Fire Chief Mishawaka Fire Department Mishawaka
Chip Porter County Highway Department St. Joseph County
Julie Kroger 911 Dispatch
Assistant Supervisor 911 Dispatch St. Joseph County
Vicki Kitchen * Clerk-Treasurer North Liberty North Liberty
Paul Burrows St. Joseph County St. Joseph County
Chuck Bulot * Building
Commissioner St. Joseph County Building Department St. Joseph County
Patrick Howard Marshal Lakeville Police Department Lakeville
Andy Myer EMS South Bend Fire Department South Bend
Ted Bombagetti District Coordinator Indiana Department of Homeland Security District 2
Timm Schabbel Fire Chief Clay Fire Department St. Joseph County
Dan Casad * Director of Operations Town of Lakeville Lakeville
Jaren Kilian Assistant Chief Clay Township Fire Department St. Joseph County
Jeff Roseboom Police New Carlisle Police New Carlisle
Kara Boyles City of South Bend
Engineering City of South Bend South Bend
Jessica Clark County Engineer St. Joseph County St. Joseph County
Beverly Kingston County GIS St. Joseph County St. Joseph County
John Carlson County GIS St. Joseph County St. Joseph County
Mark Walsh Police South Bend Police Department South Bend
Josh Schweizer Fire Chief New Carlisle Fire Department New Carlisle
Corey Noland Councilman County Council St. Joseph County
Jim Luccki Fire Chief South Bend Fire Department South Bend
Charlie Feirrell Highway Engineer Highway Engineer Department St. Joseph County
Ray Schultz Assistant Chief Mishawaka Fire Mishawaka
Johnnie McCarey Supervisor St. Joseph County Highway St. Joseph County
Troy Villa Engineer City of South Bend South Bend
Sue Ellen Douelrick Engineer City of South Bend South Bend
Rebecca Matthys Engineer Intern City of South Bend South Bend
John Karris Department of Natural Resources St. Joseph County
Ashlee Jackson Sergeant-DNR-LE Department of Natural Resources St. Joseph County
13
Table 2-2: Planning Documents Used for HMP Planning Process
Author (s) Year Title Description Where Used
Town of North Liberty 1975
Zoning Ordinance for
the Town of North
Liberty
Ordinance for planning
development and area land use Section 4,5,6
City of South Bend 2004 City of South Bend
Zoning Ordinance
Ordinance for development and
growth and the promotion the
public health, safety, and
welfare.
Section 4,5,6
St. Joseph County 2005 St. Joseph County
Zoning Ordinance
Current and future development
is subject to the provisions for
buildings, structures and uses.
Section 4,5,6
Town of New Carlisle 2010 Town of New Carlisle
Zoning Ordinance
Ordinance guiding the future
development of the town and
promoting public health and
Section 4,5,6
Indiana Department
of Homeland Security 2014 State of Indiana Multi-
Hazard Mitigation Plan Statewide hazard mitigation plan Section 5
Federal Emergency
Management Agency 2015
Flood Insurance Study:
St Joseph County,
Indiana
Study that establishes flood
insurance rates and promotes
floodplain management
Section 3,4,5
St. Joseph County
Board of
Commissioners
2016 St. Joseph County
Commodity Flow Study
Commodity flow study for the
LEPC of St Joseph County Section 3,4
Town of Lakeville 2017 Town of Lakeville
Zoning Ordinance
Ensuring that growth be
commensurate with and promote
best land use practices.
Section 4,5,6
14
.
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
37
38
Table 4-1: Natural Hazards Idenified in Plan
Geologic Atmospheric Other
Flooding Droughts Infectious Disease Outbreak
Flash Flooding Extreme Temperatures Wildfires
Ground Failure
Fluvial erosion
Karst areas
Mine failure
Summer Storms
Thunderstorms Hail
Lightning Wind
Earthquakes Tornadoes
Winter Storms
Table 4-2: Technological Hazards Idenified in Plan
Technological
Dam failure Hazardous Material Release Levee failure
39
Table 4-3: Hazards rank in previous Hazard Mitigation Plan
Hazard
Winter Storm
Tornado
Thunderstorm
Hazmat
Flooding
Earthquake
Dam/Levee Failure
Table 4-4: Calculated Priority Risk Index for the Entire County
Natural Hazards Probability Consequence Warning Time Duration Risk
Factor
Tornadoes 4 - Highly Likely 3 - Critical 4 - < 6 Hours 1 - < 6 Hours 3.4
Winter Storms 4 - Highly Likely 2 - Limited 3 - 6-12 Hours 3 - < 1 Week 3.15
Summer Storms 4 - Highly Likely 2 - Limited 4 - < 6 Hours 1 - < 6 Hours 3.1
Hazardous Incident 3 - Likely 3 - Critical 4 - < 6 Hours 2 - < 24 hours 3.05
Flooding 3 - Likely 2 - Limited 1 - 24+ Hours 4 - > 1 Week 2.5
Extreme Temperatures 3 - Likely 2 - Limited 1 - 24+ Hours 4 - > 1 Week 2.5
Infectious Outbreak 2 - Possible 2 - Limited 4 - < 6 Hours 2 - < 24 hours 2.3
Dam Failure 2 - Possible 2 - Limited 4 - < 6 Hours 2 - < 24 hours 2.3
Levee Failure 2 - Possible 2 - Limited 4 - < 6 Hours 2 - < 24 hours 2.3
Flash Flooding 2 - Possible 2 - Limited 3 - 6-12 Hours 3 - < 1 Week 2.25
Drought 2 - Possible 2 - Limited 1 - 24+ Hours 4 - > 1 Week 2.05
Ground Failure 2 - Possible 1 - Negligible 4 - < 6 Hours 2 - < 24 hours 2
Earthquake 1 - Unlikely 1 - Negligible 4 - < 6 Hours 2 - < 24 hours 1.55
Wild Fires 1 - Unlikely 1 - Negligible 4 - < 6 Hours 2 - < 24 hours 1.55
Risk Factor = [(Probability/.45) x (Consequence/.30) x (Warning Time/.15) x (Duration/.10)]
40
Table 4-5: Summary of Calculated Priority Risk Index (CPRI) Categories and Risk Levels
CPRI
Category
DEGREE OF RISK Assigned
Weighting
Factor Level ID Description Index
Value Probability Unlikely Extremely rare with no documented history of occurrences or events.
Annual probability of less than 0.001 1
45%
Possible Rare occurrences with at least one documented or anecdotal historic
event. Annual probability that is between 0.01 and 0.001. 2
Likely Occasional occurrences with at least two or more documented historic
events. Annual probability that is between 0.1 and 0.01. 3
Highly Likely Frequent events with a well-documented history of occurrence. Annual
probability that is greater than 0.1. 4 Consequence Negligible
Negligible property damages (less than 5% of critical and non-critical
facilities and infrastructure). Injuries or illnesses are treatable with first aid
and there are no deaths. Negligible quality of life lost. Shutdown of critical
facilities for less than 24 hours.
1
30%
Limited
Slight property damages (greater than 5% and less than 25% of critical
and non-critical facilities and infrastructure). Injuries or illnesses do not
result in permanent disability and there are no deaths. Moderate quality
of life lost. Shut down of critical facilities for more than 1 day and less than
1 week.
2
Critical
Moderate property damages (greater than 25% and less than 50% of
critical and non-critical facilities and infrastructure). Injuries or illnesses
result in permanent disability and at least one death. Shut down of critical
facilities for more than 1 week and less than 1 month.
3
Catastrophic
Severe property damages (greater than 50% of critical and non-critical
facilities and infrastructure). Injuries or illnesses result in permanent
disability and multiple deaths. Shut down of critical facilities for more than
1 month.
4 Warning Time Less than 6 hours 4
15% 6 to 12 hours 3
12 to 24 hours 2
More than 24 hours 1 Duration Less than 6 hours 1
10% Less than 24 hours 2
Less than one week 3
More than one week 4
41
Table 4-6: Localized Hazards for Incorporated Jurisdictions
Jurisdiction
Hazard Probability
Flooding Flash
Flooding
Levee
Failure Dam Failure Hazardous
Incident
Ground
Failure
Indian Village Unlikely Possible Unlikely Unlikely Possible Possible
Lakeville Possible Possible Unlikely Unlikely Possible Possible
Mishawaka Possible Possible Possible Possible Possible Possible
New Carlisle Possible Possible Unlikely Unlikely Possible Possible
North Liberty Possible Possible Unlikely Unlikely Possible Possible
Osceola Possible Possible Unlikely Unlikely Possible Possible
Roseland Unlikely Possible Unlikely Unlikely Possible Possible
South Bend Possible Possible Possible Possible Possible Possible
Walkerton Possible Possible Unlikely Unlikely Possible Possible
42
Figure 4-1: Disaster Declarations for Indiana
43
Table 4-7: FEMA-Declared Disasters and Emergencies for St. Joseph County (2000- 2017)
Disaster
Number Date of Incident Date of
Declaration Disaster Description Type of
Assistance
DR-1832 3/8/2009-3/14/2009 4/22/2009 Severe Storm(s) - Severe Storms,
Tornadoes, And Flooding IA, HMGP
DR-1795 9/12/2008-10/6/2008 9/23/2008 Severe Storm(s) - Severe Storms And
Flooding IA, PA, HMGP
DR-1740 1/7/2008- 3/14/2008 1/30/2008 Severe Storm(s) - Severe Storms And
Flooding IA, PA, HMGP
EM-3274 2/12/2007-2/14/2007 3/12/2007 Snow - Snow PA
EM-3238 8/29/2005-10/1/2005 9/10/2005 Hurricane - Hurricane Katrina Evacuation PA
DR-1573 1/1/2005-2/11/2005 1/21/2005 Severe Storm(s) - Severe Winter Storms
And Flooding IA, HMGP
EM-3162 12/11/2000-12/31/2000 1/24/2001 Snow - Snow PA
44
Figure 4-2: Disaster Assistance for St. Joseph and Surrounding Counties
$0 $200,000 $400,000 $600,000 $800,000 $1,000,000
A - Debris Removal
B - Protective Measures
C - Roads & Bridges
D - Water Control Facilities
E - Public Buildings
F - Public Utilities
G - Recreational or Other
Public Assistance (2004-2015)
St. Joseph Elkhart Kosciusko Marshall Starke LaPorte Statewide County Average
45
Figure 4-3: Community Total Reported Damage
Table 4-8: SBA declaration reference (2004-2016)
Year FEMA
Declaration
SBA
Declaration Community Total
2008 1740 11160 Lakeville 1
2008 1740 11160 Mishawaka 1
2008 1740 11160 Osceola 1
2008 1740 11160 South Bend 1
2008 1740 11160 Walkerton 1
2008 1795 11449 Mishawaka 1
2008 1795 11449 New Carlisle 1
2008 1795 11449 South Bend 5
2009 1832 11720 Mishawaka 1
2009 1832 11720 New Carlisle 1
2009 1832 11720 Osceola 1
2009 1832 11720 South Bend 2
46
Figure 4-4: Areas of Vulnerability Identified by Hazards, Assets, and Trends
47
4.1 Riverine Flood and Flash Flood
Hazard Description
48
49
Figure 4-5: Special Flood Hazard Areas
Best Available Data
50
Figure 4-6: Best Available Special Flood Hazard Areas
Flood History in St. Joseph County
51
Figure 4-7: Historic Rainfall Figure from Tribune on August 15-16, 2016
52
Figure 4-8: St. Joseph County Flooding, August, 2016
Figure 4-9: Scattered Cars on Ireland Road after St. Joseph County Flooding, August, 2016
Tribune Photo/Robert Franklin
53
Figure 4-10: Flooding on Miain Street
Tribune Photo/Santiagi Flores
Figure 4-11: Flood Waters on Walter St.- August 16, 2016
Tribune Photo/Robert Franklin
54
Figure 4-12: South Bend Police Cruiser during August 2016 Flood
Photo/Santiago Flores
55
Figure 4-13: USGS Stream Gages and NCDC Weather Stations
Vulnerability and Future Development
56
Risk Analysis
Exposure Analysis
57
Figure 4-14: Flooded Structures Assessed Value
58
Table 4-9: Structures in Zone A or AE Appraised Value
Zone A Zone AE
Total Structures Appraised Value Total
Structures Appraised Value
St. Joseph County 250 $24,715,280 153 $18,840,000
City Of Mishawaka - - 28 $8,752,260
City of South Bend 63 $12,113,500 134 $11,498,070
Town of Indian Village - - - -
Town Of Lakeville 1 $102,100 - -
Town Of New Carlisle - - - -
Town Of North Liberty 1 $63,000 2 $286,400
Town Of Osceola - - 3 $146,000
Town Of Roseland - - 2 $167,400
Town Of Walkerton - - 8 $423,700
Total 315 $36,993,880 330 $40,113,830
Source: St. Joseph County 2016 secured roll assessor and parcel date; St. Joseph County DFIRM
Table 4-10: Structures in Floodway and Zone A/AE Appraised Value
Zone AE/Floodway Zone AE + Zone A = Total
Total
Structures Appraised Value Total
Structures Appraised Value
St. Joseph County 43 $4,877,100 403 $43.555.280
City Of Mishawaka 3 $2,020,600 28 $8,752,260
City of South Bend 51 $4,474,100 197 $23,611,570
Town of Indian Village - - - -
Town Of Lakeville - - 1 $102,100
Town Of New Carlisle - - - -
Town Of North Liberty - - 3 $349,400
Town Of Osceola - - 3 $146,000
Town Of Roseland 2 $167,400 2 $167,400
Town Of Walkerton 2 $154,700 8 $423,700
Total 101 $11,693,900 645 $77,107,710
Source: St. Joseph County 2016 secured roll assessor and parcel date; St. Joseph County DFIRM
59
Table 4-11: Community Structure Count and Number of Policies
Structures in
Zone A/AE
Number of
Policies
St. Joseph County 403 172
City Of Mishawaka 28 39
City of South Bend 297 105
Town of Indian Village - -
Town Of Lakeville 1 -
Town Of New Carlisle - -
Town Of North Liberty 3 -
Town Of Osceola 3 1
Town Of Roseland 2 3
Town Of Walkerton 8 3
Total 645 323
Source: St. Joseph County DFIRM; FEMA Indiana NFIP report, June 2017.
Figure 4-15: Flood Zone Buildings South Bend
60
Figure 4-16: Special Flood Hazard Buildings in the Southwest of County
Figure 4-17: Special Flood Hazard Buildings in the Easter portion of County
61
Historical Analysis
Table 4-12: NFIP Participation and Mapping Dates
Community
ID Community FHBM
Identified
Init FIRM
Identified
Curr Eff
Map Date
Reg-Emer
Date
180225# Town of Indian Village 10/18/74 04/15/81 01/06/11 06/11/81
180226# Town of Lakeville 11/23/73 09/30/76 01/06/11 09/30/76
180228# Town of North Liberty 11/30/73 08/19/85 01/06/11 08/19/85
185179# Town of Roseland - 05/04/73 01/06/11 05/04/73
180231# City of South Bend 08/16/74 02/01/78 01/06/11 02/01/78
180232# Town of Walkerton 11/23/73 04/15/81 01/06/11 04/15/81
180227B City of Mishawaka 12/28/73 08/17/81 12/16/15 08/17/81
180229B Town of Osceola 12/17/73 01/06/11 12/16/15 12/14/92
180224B St. Joseph County
(unincorporated) 12/27/74 08/15/78 12/16/15 08/15/78
Not in the Program Sanction
Date
180312# Town of New Carlisle - 01/06/11 01/06/11 01/06/12
Table 4-13: Community Loss and Payments Totals
NFIP Community Total Losses Closed without Payment Total Payments
St. Joseph County 68 21 $93,874
City of Mishawaka 29 9 $3,747
Town of North Liberty 1 0 $3,184
Town of Osceola 2 1 $19,889
Town of Roseland 2 0 $176,721
City of South Bend 56 20 $603,819
Total 158 51 $901,234
62
Combining Available Data and Methods
63
Table 4-14: Number of Buildings Damaged by Community and Occupancy Class
Community
Total
Buildings
Damaged
Building Occupancy Class
Agriculture Commercial Educ. Govt. Industrial Religious Residential
St. Joseph Co.
(unincorporated) 419 132 3 0 3 0 3 273
Roseland 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
North Liberty 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 2
Osceola 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 1
Walkerton 7 1 1 0 0 1 0 4
South Bend 189 0 31 1 4 10 9 135
Mishawaka 27 0 4 0 4 0 0 19
Total 649 133 41 1 11 11 12 440
Table 4-15: Cost of Buildings Damaged by Community and Occupancy Class
Community Cost Buildings
Damaged
Building Occupancy Class
Agriculture Commercial Educ. Agriculture Industrial Religious Agriculture
St. Joseph Co.
(unincorporated) $53,324,953 $13.315,064 $5,686,168 $0 $263,342 $0 $8,623,022 $25,437,356
Roseland $209,509 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $209,509
North Liberty $272,253 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $272,253
Osceola $271,841 $206,741 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $65,100
Walkerton $1,512,546 $163,959 $645,068 $0 $0 $323,003 $0 $380,515
South Bend $120,788,258 $0 $22,069,588 $93,659 $387,623 $68,542,569 $9,215,723 $20,479,093
Mishawaka $16,818,385 $0 $11,920,700 $0 $1,198,227 $0 $0 $3,699,458
Total $193,064,554 $13,685,764 $40,321,525 $93,659 $1,849,192 $68,865,573 $17,838,746 $50,410,093
64
Figure 4-18: Buildings in Special Flood Hazard Areas
Overlay Analysis of Essential Facilities
65
Overlay Analysis of Critical Facilities
Table 4-16: Impacted Critical Facilities
Facility Type Facility Name
Communication 56491 Rice Road
Waste Water Treatment South Bend Municipal STP
HAZMAT Rossborough
Short Term Shelter and Debris
Figure 4-19: Short Term Shelter Needs
66
Figure 4-20: Tons of Debris Generated
Relationship to other Hazards
Plans and Programs in Place
67
Program Gaps or Deficiencies
68
4.2 Earthquake
Hazard Description
69
Figure 4-21: Indiana Historical Earthquake Epicenters
70
Table 4-17: Abbreviated Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale
Mercalli
Intensity Description
I Not felt except by a very few under especially favorable conditions.
II Felt only by a few persons at rest, especially on upper floors of buildings.
III
Felt quite noticeably by persons indoors, especially on upper floors of buildings. Many people do
not recognize it as an earthquake. Standing motor cars may rock slightly. Vibrations similar to the
passing of a truck. Duration estimated.
IV
Felt indoors by many, outdoors by few during the day. At night, some awakened. Dishes, windows,
doors disturbed; walls make cracking sound. Sensation like heavy truck striking building. Standing
motor cars rocked noticeably.
V Felt by nearly everyone; many awakened. Some dishes, windows broken. Unstable objects
overturned. Pendulum clocks may stop.
VI Felt by all, many frightened. Some heavy furniture moved; a few instances of fallen plaster. Damage
slight.
VII
Damage negligible in buildings of good design and construction; slight to moderate in well-built
ordinary structures; considerable damage in poorly built or badly designed structures; some
chimneys broken.
VIII
Damage slight in specially designed structures; considerable damage in ordinary substantial
buildings with partial collapse. Damage great in poorly built structures. Fall of chimneys, factory
stacks, columns, monuments, walls. Heavy furniture overturned.
IX
Damage considerable in specially designed structures; well-designed frame structures thrown out
of plumb. Damage great in substantial buildings, with partial collapse. Buildings shifted off
foundations.
X Some well-built wooden structures destroyed; most masonry and frame structures destroyed with
foundations. Rails bent.
XI Few, if any (masonry) structures remain standing. Bridges destroyed. Rails bent greatly.
XII Damage total. Lines of sight and level are distorted. Objects thrown into the air.
Table 4-18: Earthquake Magnitude vs. Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale
Earthquake Magnitude Typical Maximum Modified Mercalli Intensity
1.0 - 3.0 I
3.0 - 3.9 II - III
4.0 - 4.9 IV - V
5.0 - 5.9 VI - VII
6.0 - 6.9 VII - IX
7.0 and higher VIII or higher
Earthquake History in St. Joseph County
71
Vulnerability and Future Development
Risk Analysis
Combining Available Data and Methods
72
73
Results for 7.1 Magnitude Earthquake Wabash Valley Scenario
Table 4-19: Wabash Valley Scenario- Damage Counts by Building Occupancy
74
Table 4-20: Wabash Valley Scenario-Building Economic Losses in Millions of Dollars
Figure 4-22: Wabash Valley Scanario- Building Econmic Losses in Thousands of Dollars
75
Results for 5.5 Magnitude Earthquake in St. Joseph County
Table 4-21: 5.5M Scenario- Damage Counts by Building Occupancy
Table 4-22: 5.5M Scenario- Building Economic Losses in Millions of Dollars
76
Figure 4-23: 5.5M Scenario- Building Economic Losses in Thousands of Dollars
Results 5.0 Magnitude 500-Year Probabilistic Scenario
77
Table 4-23: 500-Year Probabilistic Scenario-Damage Counts by Building Occupancy
Table 4-24: 500-Year Probabilistic Scenario-Building Economic Losses in Millions of Dollars
Results Annualized Risk Scenario
Relationship to other Hazards
78
Plans and Programs in Place
Program Gaps or Deficiencies
4.3 Ground Failure
Hazard Description
79
Landslides
Karst
Fluvial Erosion
80
Ground Failure History in St. Joseph County
Vulnerability and Future Development
81
Figure 4-24: USGS Landslide Overview Map
82
Figure 4-25: Physiographic Divisions of Indiana
Risk Analysis
Exposure Analysis
83
Figure 4-26: Slope Map – St. Joseph County
84
Figure 4-27: Slope Map – South Bend and Mishawaka, St. Joseph County
Relationship to other Hazards
Plans and Programs in Place
Program Gaps or Deficiencies
85
4.4 Summer Storms: Thunderstorms, Hailstorms, Lightning,
Tornadoes, Windstorms
Hazard Description
86
Summer Storm History in St. Joseph County
87
Vulnerability and Future Development
Risk Analysis
Exposure Analysis
88
Combining Available Data and Methods
89
Table 4-25: Tornado Path Widths and Damage Curves
Enhanced Fujita Scale Path Width (feet) Maximum Expected Damage
EF5 3,000 100%
EF4 2,400 100%
EF3 1,800 80%
EF2 1,200 50%
EF1 600 10%
EF0 300 0%
Figure 4-28: EF4 Tornado Analysis, Using GIS Buffers
90
Table 4-26: F4 Tornado Zones and Damage Curves
Fujita Scale Zone Buffer (feet) Damage Curve
EF-3 3 300-600 10%
EF-3 2 150-300 50%
EF-3 21 0-150 80%
Scenario
Figure 4-29: Modeled F4 Tornado Hypothetical Path
91
Figure 4-30: Tornado Buffer and Building Inventory through Communities
Results
92
Table 4-27: Estimated Building Losses by Occupancy Type
Occupancy Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4
Residential 467 469 959 927
Commercial 55 41 78 78
Industrial 18 17 24 20
Agriculture 6 11 21 19
Religious 4 4 13 10
Government 6 8 5 4
Education 1 1 0 0
Total 557 551 1,109 1,058
Table 4-28: Estimated Losses by Zone
Occupancy Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4
Residential $293,504,529 $60,263,814 $97,964,802 $35,283,999
Commercial $218,732,169 $61,554,309 $151,064,626 $52,116,678
Industrial $43,252,366 $46,300,347 $51,645,008 $5,194,630
Agriculture $1,816,834 $2,764,679 $1,817,220 $530,076
Religious $1,870,371 $17,356,264 $21,374,022 $2,464,089
Government $8,912,540 $12,414,308 $12,867,530 $583,471
Education $16,707,300 $192,122 $0 $0
Total $584,796,110 $200,845,845 $336,733,210 $96,172,945
Essential Facility Damage
93
Figure 4-31: Essential Facility Damage
Critical Facility Damage
94
Figure 4-32: Critical Facility Damage
Relationship to other Hazards
Plans and Programs in Place
95
96
Program Gaps or Deficiencies
4.5 Drought
Hazard Description
97
Table 1. USDM Index
Category Description Possible Impacts Palmer Drought
Severity Index
D0 Abnormally
Dry
Going into drought: -short-term dryness slowing planting, growth
of crops or pastures.
Coming out of drought: some lingering water deficits
-1.0 to -1.9
D1 Moderate
Drought
-Some damage to crops, pastures
-Streams, reservoirs, or wells low, some water shortages
developing or imminent
-Voluntary water-use restrictions requested
-2.0 to -2.9
D2 Severe
Drought
-Crop or pasture losses likely
-Water shortages common
-Water restrictions imposed
-3.0 to -3.9
D3 Extreme
Drought
-Major crop/pasture losses
-Widespread water shortages or restrictions -4.0 to -4.9
D4 Exceptional
Drought
-Exceptional and widespread crop/pasture losses
-Shortages of water in reservoirs, streams, and wells creating
water emergencies
-5.0 or less
Drought History in St. Joseph County
98
Geographic Location for Drought
Hazard Extent for Drought
Risk Identification for Drought
99
Vulnerability Analysis for Drought
Community Development Trends and Future Vulnerability
Relationship to other Hazards
Plans and Programs in Place
Program Gaps or Deficiencies
4.6 Winter Storms: Blizzards, Ice Storms, Snowstorms
Hazard Description
100
Ice Storms
Snowstorms
101
Winter Storm History in St. Joseph County
r
Relationship to other Hazards
102
Plans and Programs in Place
Program Gaps or Deficiencies
103
4.7 Wildfire
Hazard Description
Wildfire History in St. Joseph County
Vulnerability and Future Development
Relationship to other Hazards
104
Plans and Programs in Place
4.8 Extreme Temperatures
Hazard Description
Severe Cold
105
Figure 4-34: NWS Wind Chill Temperature Index
106
Extreme Heat
107
Figure 4-35: National Weather Service Heat Index
Source: Office of Atmospheric Programs. (2006). Excessive Heat Events Guidebook. Unites States Environmental Protection
Agency. Washington, D.C.
108
Extreme Temperature History in St. Joseph County
Relationship to other Hazards
Plans and Programs in Place
Program Gaps or Deficiencies
4.9 Harmful Organisms and Infectious Agents
Hazard Description
Emerald Ash Borer
109
Vector-Borne Illness
Infections Connected to Intravenous Drug Use
110
Harmful Organisms and Infectious Agents Outbreak History in St.
Joseph County
Emerald Ash Borer
Vector-Borne Illness
Vulnerability and Future Development
Risk Analysis
Exposure Analysis
111
Figure 4-36: Emerald Ash Borer
Relationship to other Hazards
112
Plans and Programs in Place
Emerald Ash Borer
Vector-Borne Diseases
113
Infections Connected to Intravenous Drug Use
114
Program Gaps or Deficiencies
4.10 Hazardous Material Release
Hazard Description
115
Transportation
Meth
116
Hazardous Incident History in St. Joseph County
Vulnerability and Future Development
Risk Analysis
117
Exposure Analysis
Table 4-30: St. Joseph Buildings Contaminated by Meth per Year
Year Total Year Total
2007 19 2012 22
2008 9 2013 33
2009 9 2014 23
2010 20 2015 28
2011 21 2016 12
Combining Available Data and Methods
118
Scenario
119
Figure 4-37: Location of Chemical Release
Results
Figure 4-38: Toxic Threat Plume Footprint Generated by ALOHA
120
121
Figure 4-39: ALOHA Modeling Parameters
122
Figure 4-40: Threat Zone Results
Building Inventory Exposure
123
Figure 4-41: Building Inventory by Threat Zone
124
Table 4-31: Estimated Exposure for all Threat Zones
Occupancy Building Counts Building
Exposure
Agriculture 0 $0
Commercial 1,318 $5,043,948,086
Education 33 $356,546,229
Government 284 $612,982,495
Industrial 154 $741,424,436
Religious 265 $1,613,303,131
Residential 11,886 $3,379,118,500
Total 13,940 $11,747,322,878
Table 4-32: Estimated Exposure for Threat Zones 1, 2, & 3
Occupancy
Threat Zone 3 Threat Zone 2 Threat Zone 1
People
Affected
Building
Counts
Building
Exposure
People
Affected
Building
Counts
Building
Exposure
People
Affected
Building
Counts
Building
Exposure
Agriculture 0 0 $0 0 0 $0 0 0 $0
Commercial 0 249 $1,276,051,139 0 583 $1,983,694,476 0 486 $1,784,202,470
Education 0 3 $28,016,463 0 26 $272,052,121 0 4 $56,477,643
Government 0 26 $94,503,786 0 109 $160,316,657 0 149 $358,162,052
Industrial 0 26 $217,916,802 0 74 $321,442,298 0 54 $202,065,336
Religious 0 37 $319,329,674 0 62 $305,932,208 0 166 $988,041,428
Residential 3,300 1,320 $340,174,365 16,683 6,673 $1,791,609,803 9,733 3,893 $1,247,334,333
Total 3,300 1,661 $2,275,992,230 16,683 7,527 $4,835,047,563 9,733 4,752 $4,636,283,085
125
Figure 4-42: Essential Facilities Located in Threat Zone
126
Figure 4-43: Critical Facilities in Threat Zones
Relationship to other Hazards
Plans and Programs in Place
Program Gaps or Deficiencies
127
4.11 Dams
Hazard Description
128
Dam History in St. Joseph County
Vulnerability and Future Development
129
Figure 4-44: St. Joseph County Dams
Table 4-33: DNR Hazard Classification and In-Channel Dams
Name Hazard Level In Channel EAP
Twin Branch Dam* High No Yes
Potato Creek Dam #E3-331 Significant Yes Yes
South Bend Dam Low Yes No
Ball Band Dam Low Yes No
Warton Lake Control Structure Low No No
South Chain Lake Control Structure Low No No
Riddles Lake Control Structure Low No No
*According to DNR records, this is not a State regulated dam but is Federally regulated.
130
Risk Analysis
Exposure Analysis
Figure 4-45: Twin Branch Dam
131
Figure 4-46: Ball Band Dam
132
Figure 4-47: South Bend Dam
133
Figure 4-48: Potato Creek Dam in North Liberty
Relationship to other Hazards
Plans and Programs in Place
Program Gaps or Deficiencies
134
4.12 Levees
Hazard Description
135
Figure 4-49: Non-Levee Embankment Concentration Indiana
136
Levee History in St. Joseph County
Vulnerability and Future Development
137
Figure 4-50: Non-Levee Embankments: St. Joseph County
Risk Analysis
Analysis
138
Figure 4-51: Non-Levee Embankments, Northcental
139
Figure 4-52: Mishawaka, IN – Non-Levee Embankments, Northeast
140
Figure 4-53: Walkerton, IN & Surrounding Counties – Non-Levee Embankments, Southwest
Relationship to other Hazards
Plans and Programs in Place
Program Gaps or Deficiencies
141
Planning and Regulatory
142
143
Table 5-1: NFIP policies and coverage
Community Total Number of
Policies
Insurance In-force
whole
Written Premium
In-force
St. Joseph County 172 39,053,100 132,707
Indian Village n/a n/a n/a
Lakeville n/a n/a n/a
Mishawaka 35 15,430,000 52,713
New Carlisle n/a n/a n/a
North Liberty n/a n/a n/a
Osceola 1 350,000 415
Roseland 3 251,200 2,701
South Bend 102 22,895,000 120,244
Walkerton 3 320,500 1,847
144
Table 5-2: Mitigation Strategy Framework
Flooding Goal: Reduce deaths, injuries, property loss and economic disruption due to all types of flooding (riverine,
flash flooding, dam/levee failure)
Mitigation Strategy Objectives
Prevention:
Planning, technical studies, training, adoption of ordinances and legislation, acquisition and
use of equipment, establishing shelters, and encouraging participation in NFIP and CRS will
be used to prevent or reduce risks to lives and property from flooding.
Property Protection: Acquisition, repair, or retrofitting of property and acquisition and use of equipment will be
used to prevent or reduce risks to property from flooding.
Public Education
and Awareness:
Public education and access to information will be used to raise public awareness of risks
from flooding in order to prevent or reduce those risks.
145
Natural Resource
Protection:
Stream corridor protection projects and restoration and soil erosion control projects will be
used to prevent or reduce risks and increase the protection of natural resources from
flooding.
Emergency
Services:
Technological improvements, warning systems, responder training, emergency response
services, acquisition and use of equipment, and planning will provide emergency services to
prevent or reduce the risks to lives and property from flooding.
Structural
Improvements:
Construction and maintenance of drains, sewer drainage and separation projects,
floodwalls, dams, culverts, levees, roads, bridges, and general flood protection projects will
be used to prevent or reduce damages from flooding, loss of services to critical equipment,
and the risks they pose to lives, property, and the natural environment.
Summer Storms Goal: Reduce deaths, injuries, property loss, natural resource and economic disruption due to
summer storms.
Mitigation Strategy Objectives
Prevention:
Planning, training, technical studies, acquisition and use of equipment, adoption of
ordinances and legislation, and construction of new or retrofitting safe rooms will be used to
prevent or reduce risks from summer storms to lives, property, and economic activity.
Property Protection: Constructing safe rooms and storm shelters, retrofitting, and vegetation management will be
used to prevent or reduce risks to the protection of property from summer storms.
Public Education
and Awareness:
Public education, warning systems, and access to information will be used to raise public
awareness of risks from summer storms in order to prevent or reduce those risks.
Emergency
Services:
Warning systems, responder training, emergency response services, technological
improvements, and response and recovery planning will provide emergency services to
prevent or reduce risks from summer storms.
Structural
Improvements:
The construction of safe rooms, shelters, and underground utility lines as well as
maintenance of structural projects will be used to prevent or reduce risks from summer
storms
Tornado Goal: Reduce deaths, injuries, property loss, natural resource and economic disruption due to tornado.
Mitigation Strategy Objectives
Prevention:
Adoption of ordinances and legislation, acquisition and use of equipment, planning,
conducting technical training, studies, and retrofit or construction of safe rooms will be used
to prevent or reduce risks to lives, property, and economic activity from tornadoes.
Property Protection: Constructing safe rooms and storm shelters, and retrofits will be used to prevent or reduce
risks to property from tornadoes.
Public Education
and Awareness:
Warning systems, IPAWS, public education, and access to information will be used to raise
public awareness of risks from tornadoes in order to prevent or reduce those risks.
Emergency
Services:
Warning systems, technological improvements, responder training, planning, emergency
response services, and acquisition and use of equipment will provide emergency services to
prevent or reduce risks from tornadoes.
Structural
Improvements:
Construction of storm shelter and safe rooms and maintenance of other structural projects
will be used to prevent or reduce risks from tornadoes.
Hazardous Incident: Reduce deaths, injuries, property loss, natural resource and economic disruption due to
hazardous incidents.
Mitigation Strategy Objectives
Prevention: Planning, training, technical studies, acquisition and use of equipment, adoption of
ordinances and legislation, and construction of
Property Protection:
Public Education
and Awareness:
Public education, warning systems, and access to information will be used to raise public
awareness of risks from hazardous incidents in order to prevent or reduce those risks.
Emergency
Services:
Warning systems, responder training, emergency response services, technological
improvements, and response and recovery planning will provide emergency services to
prevent or reduce risks from summer storms.
146
Structural
Improvements:
Severe Winter Storms Goal: Reduce deaths, injuries, property loss, natural resource and economic disruption due
to severe winter weather
Mitigation Strategy Objectives
Prevention:
Acquisition and use of equipment, adoption and enforcement of ordinances and legislation,
planning, training, and technical studies will be used to prevent or reduce risk to the
protection of lives, property, and economic activity from the risks from severe winter storms.
Property Protection: Acquisition and use of equipment and vegetation management will be used to prevent or
reduce risks to property from severe winter storms.
Public Education
and Awareness:
Public education, warning systems, access to information, and outreach projects will be
used to raise public awareness of the risks from severe winter storms in order to reduce
those risks.
Natural Resource
Protection: Management of Logjams
Emergency
Services:
Acquisition and use of equipment, emergency response services, warning systems,
technological improvements, planning, and responder training will provide emergency
services to prevent or reduce risks from severe winter storms.
Structural
Improvements:
Structural projects for critical infrastructure will be implemented and maintained to prevent or
reduce risks from severe winter storms.
Extreme Temperatures Goal: Reduce deaths, injuries, property loss, natural resource and economic disruption due
to extreme temperatures.
Mitigation Strategy Objectives
Prevention: Planning and the acquisition and use of equipment will be used to prevent or reduce risks
from extreme heat and extreme cold.
Property Protection: Acquisition and use of equipment will be used to prevent or reduce risks to property and
economic disruption from extreme heat and extreme cold.
Public Education
and Awareness:
Public education and access to information will be used to raise public awareness of the
risks from extreme cold and extreme heat in order to prevent or reduce those risks.
Emergency
Services:
Planning and implementing watershed plans will be used to prevent or reduce risks from
drought. Structural Improvements:
Structural
Improvements:
Technological improvements and acquisition of equipment for structural projects will be
used to prevent or reduce risks from extreme temperatures.
Ground Failure Goal: Reduce deaths, injuries, property loss, natural resource and economic disruption due to
ground failure.
Mitigation Strategy Objectives
Prevention: Planning and the acquisition and use of equipment will be used to prevent or reduce risks
from ground failure.
Property Protection: Acquisition and use of equipment will be used to prevent or reduce risks to property and
economic disruption from ground failure.
Public Education
and Awareness:
Public education and access to information will be used to raise public awareness of the
risks from ground failure in order to prevent or reduce those risks.
Emergency
Services:
Planning and implementing watershed plans will be used to prevent or reduce risks from
ground failures.
Structural
Improvements:
Technological improvements and acquisition of equipment for structural projects will be
used to prevent or reduce risks from ground failure.
Dams and Levee Goal: Reduce deaths, injuries, property loss, natural resource and economic disruption due to
dam and levee.
Mitigation Strategy Objectives
Prevention: Planning and the acquisition and use of equipment will be used to prevent or reduce risks
from dam or levee failure.
147
Property Protection: Acquisition and use of equipment will be used to prevent or reduce risks to property and
economic disruption from dam or levee failure.
Public Education
and Awareness:
Public education and access to information will be used to raise public awareness of the
risks from dam or levee failure in order to prevent or reduce those risks.
Emergency
Services:
Planning and implementing watershed plans will be used to prevent or reduce risks from
dam or levee failure.
Structural
Improvements:
Technological improvements and acquisition of equipment for structural projects will be
used to prevent or reduce risks from dam or levee.
Drought Goal: Reduce deaths, injuries, property loss, natural resource and economic disruption due to drought.
Mitigation Strategy Objectives
Prevention: Planning, acquisition and use of equipment, and technical studies will be used to prevent or
reduce risks from drought.
Property Protection: Water treatment measures will be used to prevent or reduce risks to property from drought.
Public Education
and Awareness:
Public education and access to information will be used to raise public awareness of risks
from drought in order to prevent or reduce those risks.
Emergency
Services:
Planning and implementing watershed plans will be used to prevent or reduce risks from
drought.
Structural
Improvements:
Technological improvements and acquisition of equipment for structural projects will be
used to prevent or reduce risks from drought.
Infectious Disease Outbreak Goal: Reduce deaths, injuries, property loss, natural resource and economic disruption
due to outbreak.
Mitigation Strategy Objectives
Prevention: Planning, acquisition and use of equipment, and technical studies will be used to prevent or
reduce risks from outbreak.
Property Protection: Water treatment measures will be used to prevent or reduce risks to property from outbreak.
Public Education
and Awareness:
Public education and access to information will be used to raise public awareness of risks
from outbreak in order to prevent or reduce those risks.
Emergency
Services:
Planning and implementing watershed plans will be used to prevent or reduce risks from
outbreak.
Structural
Improvements:
Technological improvements and acquisition of equipment for structural projects will be
used to prevent or reduce risks from outbreak.
Earthquake Goal: Reduce deaths, injuries, property loss, natural resource and economic disruption due to
earthquake.
Mitigation Strategy Objectives
Prevention: Planning and the acquisition and use of equipment will be used to prevent or reduce risks
from extreme heat and extreme cold.
Property Protection: Acquisition and use of equipment will be used to prevent or reduce risks to property and
economic disruption from extreme heat and extreme cold.
Public Education
and Awareness:
Public education and access to information will be used to raise public awareness of the
risks from extreme cold in order to prevent or reduce those risks.
Emergency
Services:
Planning and implementing watershed plans will be used to prevent or reduce risks from
drought. Structural Improvements:
Structural
Improvements:
Technological improvements and acquisition of equipment for structural projects will be
used to prevent or reduce risks from drought.
148
149
Table 5-3: STAPLE+E criteria
Criteria Description
S – Social Mitigation actions are acceptable to the community if they do not adversely affect a
particular segment of the population, do not cause relocation of lower income people, and
if they are compatible with the community’s social and cultural values.
T – Technical Mitigation actions are technically most effective if they provide a long-term reduction of
losses and have minimal secondary adverse impacts.
A – Administrative Mitigation actions are easier to implement if the jurisdiction has the necessary staffing and
funding.
P – Political Mitigation actions can truly be successful if all stakeholders have been offered an
opportunity to participate in the planning process and if there is public support for the
action.
L – Legal It is critical that the jurisdiction or implementing agency have the legal authority to
implement and enforce a mitigation action.
E – Economic Budget constraints can significantly deter the implementation of mitigation actions. It is
important to evaluate whether an action is cost-effective, as determined by a cost benefit
review, and possible to fund.
E – Environmental Sustainable mitigation actions that do not have an adverse effect on the environment,
comply with federal, state, and local environmental regulations, and are consistent with the
community’s environmental goals, have mitigation benefits while being environmentally
sound.
150
151
152
153
Table 5-3: Mitigation Actions
# Hazards Mitigation Action Type Action Priority Status Community Coordinating Agency Potential Funder Action Source
1 Multiple
Hazards
Emergency
Services
Create smaller circuits for electrical service and have
multiple tie-ins for substations Complete
AEP and
NIPSCO-served
areas
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
2 Winter
Storm
Emergency
Services
Implement Prioritized Plowing (i.e. ambulances, bus
routes) Complete
AEP and
NIPSCO-served
areas
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
3 Summer Storm Prevention Implement tree trimming throughout the county Complete
AEP and
NIPSCO-served
areas
Hazard Mitigation Plan
4 Flood Property
Prevention
Develop a countywide ordinance prohibiting
development in floodplains Complete All Communities Hazard
Mitigation Plan
5 Winter
Storm
Emergency
Services
Implement an annual winter weather emergency
news release Complete All Communities Hazard
Mitigation Plan
6 Multiple
Hazards
Emergency
Services Install new warning sirens within the county Complete New Carlisle Hazard
Mitigation Plan
7 Multiple Hazards Emergency Services Determine a plan for use of snowmobiles in the event of emergency rescue Complete North Liberty Hazard Mitigation Plan
8 Winter
Storm
Emergency
Services
Cross train departments (i.e. Parks, Streets) and
make vehicles ready for winter weather plowing Complete South Bend Hazard
Mitigation Plan
9 Flood
Natural
Resource
Protection
Establish park lands along floodway Complete South Bend Hazard
Mitigation Plan
10 Multiple
Hazards Prevention Install backup battery packs for vital signalized
intersections Complete South Bend Hazard
Mitigation Plan
11 Flood Structural
Improvement
Install real time controls or smart valves for storm
water management Complete South Bend Hazard
Mitigation Plan
154
12 Multiple
Hazards
Emergency
Services
Determine a plan for use of 4WD vehicles in the
event of emergency rescue Complete St. Joseph
County Hazard
Mitigation Plan
13 Multiple
Hazards
Emergency
Services
Establish an active LEPC to mitigate and respond to
hazards Complete St. Joseph
County Hazard
Mitigation Plan
14 Multiple
Hazards
Emergency
Services
Implement emergency response training and/or
annual “event or situational” training for LEPC Complete St. Joseph
County Hazard
Mitigation Plan
15 Multiple
Hazards
Emergency
Services Establish a Cooling and Warming Policy Complete
St. Joseph
County, South
Bend
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
16 Earthquake Public Education
Distribute literature advising that residents, schools,
healthcare facilities, and other critical facilities use
tie-downs to secure water heaters
Low Identified All Communities EMA IDHS FEMA Hazard Mitigation Plan
17 Earthquake Prevention Conduct Indirect impact study or assessment High Identified St. Joseph
County EMA IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
18 Earthquake Prevention Retrofit shelving in hospitals and emergency
services Low Identified All Communities EMA IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
19 Winter
Storm Prevention Review and Update the Cooling and Warming Policy Medium Identified St. Joseph
County EMA IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
20 Winter
Storm
Emergency
Services
Establish plan for warming centers for special needs
populations Medium Identified
St. Joseph
County, South
Bend,
Mishawaka
EMA
local non-
profits
IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
21 Winter
Storm Prevention Increase coordination between Street Departments
and Emergency Responders High Identified
St. Joseph
County, South
Bend,
Mishawaka
EMA
local utilities
IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
22 Multiple
Hazards
Emergency
Services
During switch to LED signals, install backup battery
packs for vital signalized intersections High Identified All Communities EMA IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
23 Multiple
Hazards
Emergency
Services
Establish siren maintenance and replacement
program High Identified All Communities
EMA
Local communities
IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
155
24 Multiple
Hazards
Emergency
Services Conduct Search and Rescue assessments High Identified St. Joseph
County EMA IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
25 Multiple
Hazards
Emergency
Services
Implement All Weather Radio Program to help with
affordability and programming High Identified St. Joseph
County EMA IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
26 Multiple
Hazards
Natural
Resource
Protection
Implement Debris Management Planning and
Training High Identified All Communities EMA IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
27 Multiple
Hazards
Emergency
Services
Training on Reverse 911 and additional modern
mass communication systems (i.e. Nixle, Text
Messaging, Twitter, Facebook)
High Identified St. Joseph
County EMA IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
28 Multiple
Hazards Prevention Establish training for weather spotters Medium Identified All Communities EMA IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
29 Multiple
Hazards Prevention Assess storm shelters throughout the county Medium Identified St. Joseph
County
EMA
local
communities
IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
30 Multiple
Hazards
Public
Education
Implement school-wide programs to educate
students on the hazards affecting the county and
preparation/mitigation plans
Low Identified All Communities EMA IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
31 Multiple
Hazards
Public
Education
Public reminders to “exercise”/maintain backup
generators (i.e. circuit policing) Low Identified All Communities EMA IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
32 Hazmat Prevention Perform assessment of ordinances for Hazmat
locations Low Identified All Communities EMA IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
33 Hazmat Prevention Switch from ton cylinders of chlorine gas
disinfectants High Identified South Bend EMA IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
34 Hazmat Prevention Conduct studies along major transportation corridors
(80/90, US 20, railroads) High Identified St. Joseph
County EMA IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
156
35 Dam
Failure
Natural
Resource
Protection
Improvements to local dams (Twin Branch and
Century Center) High Identified
St. Joseph
County, South
Bend,
Mishawaka
EMA DNR Hazard
Mitigation Plan
36 Erosion
Natural
Resource
Protection
Stabilize St. Joseph River to reduce the risk of
erosion Medium Identified South Bend Planning DNR RiskMAP
Process
37 Flood Emergency
Services
Acquire SWIFT water response equipment and
launch training High Identified St. Joseph
County EMA IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
38 Flood Structural
Improvement Install emergency culvert pipes High Identified All Communities
EMA
Local
Utilities
IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
39 Flood Structural
Improvement
Assess and upgrade drainage systems in various
location (i.e. US 20, 56000 Block of Oak Road, East portion of County near Heather Lake) High Identified
St. Joseph
County, New
Carlisle, South
Bend
Local
Utilities
Local
funds
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
40 Flood Emergency
Services Procure permanent signage to warn of flood hazards Medium Identified All Communities EMA IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
41 Flood Prevention Conduct a Drainage Study for Charles St. Medium Identified
St. Joseph
County,
Mishawaka
EMA IDHS FEMA Hazard Mitigation Plan
42 Flood Emergency
Services Install real time river gauges Medium Identified
St. Joseph
County,
Mishawaka,
South Bend
EMA IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
43 Flood Property
Prevention
Conduct a study to determine potential buy-out properties (i.e. Kline St., Bowman Creek, 56000
Block of Oak Road)
Medium Identified
St. Joseph
County, South
Bend,
Mishawaka
EMA IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
44 Flood Prevention
Reduce risk of basement flooding from an elevated
water table by implementing a permanent mitigation
solution.
Low Identified St. Joseph
County Planning Other RiskMAP
Process
45 Flood Property
Prevention
Acquire at-risk structures along Bowman Creek
through B/C Analyses and Damage Assessments Ongoing South Bend Emergency
Management
IDHS
FEMA
RiskMAP
Process
157
46 Ground
Failure
Natural
Resource
Protection
Carry out sediment/erosion projects (i.e. North Shore
Dr. Juday Creek) Medium In
Progress
St. Joseph
County EMA DNR Hazard
Mitigation Plan
47 Multiple
Hazards
Emergency
Services Schedule NIMS training for first responders High In
Progress
St. Joseph
County EMA IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
48 Multiple
Hazards
Emergency
Services Continue regular testing of sirens Ongoing All Communities
EMA
local communities
IDHS
FEMA
Hazard
Mitigation Plan
49 Dam
Failure Prevention Develop Emergency Action Plan (EAP) for South
Bend Dam Ongoing South Bend
EMA
local
communities
Other RiskMAP
Process
50
Dam,
Levee,
Flood
Prevention
Continued compliance of the NFIP for all NFIP
communities. Participating communities will continue
compliance by considering further mitigation
measures including the following: 1) protecting
existing critical facilities in floodplains, 2) enforcing
floodplain ordinances that prohibit development of new facilities in 100-year floodplains, 3)
collaborating with residential owners to buyout and
mitigate properties subject to flooding, and 4)
instituting steps to relocate, buyout, or flood proof
existing non-residential facilities subject to repetitive
flood loss.
High Identified All NFIP Communities EMA IDHS FEMA Hazard Mitigation Plan
158
159
160
Table 6-1: St. Joseph County and Jurisdictions Planning Mechanisms
Implementation Documents
Zoning
Ordinance
Comprehensive
Plan
Emergency
Operations
Plan
Floodplain
Ordinance
Storm
Water
Drainage
Watershed
Plan
Erosion
Ordinance
Burning
Ordinance
Building
Codes Jurisdiction Name St. Joseph
County 2005 2000
St. Joseph
County
Comprehensive
Emergency
Management
Plan
2003
2015 2006
Baugo
Creek
Watershed
2004
2006 State 2005
South
Bend 2018 2006 1/06/11 2018 2018 2018 2018
Mishawaka 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017
Indian
Village 2016 - 1/06/11 - State State County
Lakeville 2017 - 1/06/11 - State State County
New
Carlisle 2010 - 1/06/11 - State State County
North
Liberty 1975 - 1/06/11 - State State County
Osceola 2015 1992 12/16/15 - State State County
Roseland 1990 - 1/06/11 - State State County
Walkerton 2016 - 1/06/11 - State State County
161
County Adoption
City and Town Adoption
Implementation and Maintenance Guidelines.
162
163
164