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54SOUTH BEND, INDIANA GSC <br />E. OPERATIONAL & MAINTENANCE SAVINGS <br />Operational and maintenance savings determination are again collaborative. Typically, the areas of savings are identified through working together to understand how the processes are changing. At that point, savings are estimated. Information that is typically provided includes: <br /> h Description of operational efforts including manpower, equipment, and consumable resources used <br /> h Description of maintenance efforts including manpower, equipment, and consumable resources used <br /> h Hourly costs incurred for personnel and equipment <br /> h Costs for consumables <br />The description of the current operational challenges with the systems being improved by this project leads to the expectation that there will be O&M savings. These savings may be found in: <br /> h Upgraded Plant Equipment requiring less maintenance <br /> h Less maintenance associated with CSO discharges <br />The O&M savings estimate is the sum of the individual savings opportunities, calculated on both <br />an annual and contract lifetime basis. This is an input to the Total Project Savings included in the <br />contract documents. <br />F. FUTURE CAPITAL EXPENDITURE SAVINGS <br />According to Indiana Code 36-1-12.5-11, contracts that include stipulated savings describe the <br />stipulated savings and document assumptions using industry engineering standards. The comparative <br />estimate for future capital expenditure savings is developed from a number of sources including <br />the Engineer’s estimate, past projects and/or bid pricing, vendor quotes, and commonly accepted <br />construction standards published by R. S. Means, National Electrical Contractors Association and <br />Mechanical Contractors Association of America. As previously descriped, the majority of our GSC <br />savings calculations begin with the Engineer’s estimate of the work and add or subtract to reflect the <br />scope and any costs not considered, such as the price increase for American Iron and Steel.