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City of South Bend Disoarity Study 2020 <br />B. Conclusion ............................................. ..................... 47 <br />IV. Utilization and Availability Analysis for the City of South Bend Contract <br />Dollars...........................................................49 <br />A. Contract Data Sources......................................................... 49 <br />B. Summary of Findings.......................................................... 49 <br />C. The City of South Bend's Product and Geographic Markets ........................... 49 <br />1. The City of South Bend's Unconstrained Product Markets .................................. 50 <br />2. The City of South Bend's Geographic Market ............................................ 54 <br />D. The City's Utilization of M/WBEs................................................ 55 <br />E. Availability of M/WBEs in the City of South Bend's Markets .......................... 60 <br />1. Methodological Framework.......................................................... 60 <br />2. Estimation of M/WBE Availability in the City of South Bend's Markets ....................... 63 <br />F. Analysis of Disparity Ratios Between M/WBE Utilization and Availability ................ 66 <br />V. Analysis of Disparities in the South Bend Economy ..................... 69 <br />A. Introduction................................................................. 69 <br />B. Disparate Treatment in the Marketplace: Evidence from the Census Bureau's 2012 Survey of <br />Business Owners............................................................. <br />71 <br />C. Disparate Treatment in the Marketplace: Evidence from the Census Bureau's 2012 <br />- 2016 <br />American Community Survey .................................................. <br />77 <br />D. Evidence of Disparities in Access to Business Capital ................................ <br />81 <br />1. Federal Reserve Board/Small Business Administration Survey of Small Business Finances ....... <br />82 <br />2. Minority Business Development Agency Report .......................................... <br />82 <br />3. Federal Reserve Board Small Business Credit Surveys ..................................... <br />84 <br />a. 2016 Small Business Credit Survey .................................................. <br />84 <br />b. 2018 Small Business Credit Survey ................................................. <br />88 <br />E. Evidence of Disparities in Access to Human Capital ................................. <br />91 <br />F. Conclusion ................................................................... <br />92 <br />VI. Recommendations for a Minority- and Women -Owned Business Enterprise <br />Program for the City of South Bend .................................... 93 <br />A. Implement Race- and Gender -Neutral Measures ..................... . ............. 94 <br />1. Implement an Electronic Contracting Data Collection, Monitoring and Notification System ...... 94 <br />2. Commit additional resources to the Office of Diversity & Inclusion .......................... 96 <br />3. Focus on Reducing Barriers to M/WBE Prime Contract Awards ................. ............ 96 <br />4. Increase Vendor Communication and Outreach to M/WBEs and Small Firms .................. 96 <br />5. Consider Partnering with Other Agencies and Local Organizations to Provide Bonding, Financing and <br />Technical Assistance Programs ....................................... ............... 97 <br />6. Provide Training for all City Staff with Contracting Responsibilities or Vendor Interface ......... 98 <br />vi 0 2020 Colette Halt & Associates, All Rights Reserved. <br />