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C ITIZEN R EVIEW OF P OLICE: APPROACHES AND I MPLEMENTATION <br />121 <br />Notes <br />1. “A major problem with civilian review from the police <br />perspective is the lack of a working understanding of <br />the environment in which [police] decisions are made.” <br />“External Police Review: A Discussion of Existing City <br />of Tucson Procedures and Alternative Models, Report to <br />the Mayor and Council,” 1996: 12. <br />2. For example, “The [Massachusetts] Board of <br />Registration in Medicine, . . . according to a growing <br />number of critics, was lax to the point of negligence in <br />policing doctors,”Boston Sunday Globe, March 28, <br />1999: B1. <br />3. The argument that there should be citizen review of <br />police departments because officers alone have the legal <br />authority to exercise lethal force is also specious: doc- <br />tors, airline pilots—even taxicab drivers—are also in <br />positions that place the lives of their clients in jeopardy. <br />4. “External Police Review,” 12. <br />5. “External Police Review,” 15. <br />6. Some officers report that, because they are afraid that <br />oversight findings will accumulate in their personnel files <br />and hamper promotion or transfer to desired details, they <br />enforce the law less vigorously. However, “There is no <br />evidence gleaned from civilian review studies that would <br />suggest that this piece of subcultural wisdom is anything <br />but folly . . . the only police review systems that have <br />generated any significant amount of counterproductivity <br />have been internal systems.” (Perez, Douglas,Common <br />Sense about Police Review, Philadelphia: Temple <br />University Press, 1994: 161–162.) According to Prentice <br />Sanders, San Francisco assistant chief, “Regarding offi- <br />cers who say OCC ties their hands and they cannot do <br />their jobs, I ask: ‘How come there are many officers with <br />lots of arrests and no complaints?’”