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moisture problems,or when sufficient mortar is missing to allow water to stand in the mortar joint. Existing mortar shall be
<br />duplicated in composition,color,texture,joint size,method of application and joint profile.
<br />When repairing stucco,stucco mixture shall be used. A professional shall make a study of the old stucco,to determine the exact
<br />mixture and underlayment used in the original work. Some repair methods are not compatible with the original techniques and
<br />may cause early disintegration of the repair work and the original work.
<br />Ample ventilation must be afforded the structure when siding is installed,in order to prevent increased deterioration of the
<br />structure from moisture and insects.
<br />Recommended
<br />Whenever possible,the original building materials should be restored. When maintaining or repairing original siding is
<br />not feasible,aluminum,vinyl or composite siding may be used. When used over wood surfaces,this siding should be the
<br />same size and style as the original wood. Every effort should be made to retain the original trim around windows,doors,
<br />cornices gables,eaves and other architectural features.
<br />Property owners should contact the Historic Preservation Commission of South Bend and St.Joseph County prior to initiating
<br />any restoration or rehabilitation effort. [Address and contact information is listed in the front of the Guidebook.] The
<br />Commission is an invaluable source of information about all facets of rehabilitation and restoration—materials,methods,
<br />contractors and the like.
<br />Prohibited
<br />Wood siding shall not be resurfaced with new materials that is inappropriate or was unavailable when the building was
<br />constructed,such as artificial stone,brick veneer,asbestos or asphalt shingles.
<br />Sandblasting or the use of harsh detergents shall not be used on masonry including brick,stucco,limestone,flagstone and
<br />sandstone. This method of cleaning erodes the surface material and accelerates deterioration.
<br />Repointing shall not be done with a mortar of high Portland cement content which can often create a bond that is stronger than
<br />the building material. Usage of Portland cement can cause deterioration as a result of the differing coefficient of expansion and
<br />porosity of the historic masonry unit and the mortar. This most often results in serious damage to adjacent brick.
<br />Unpainted masonry surfaces shall not be painted unless they had been painted originally. Paint shall not be removed from
<br />masonry surfaces by any means that damage the surface.
<br />Not Recommended
<br />Waterproof or water repellant coatings or surface consolidation treatments should not be used on masonry surfaces unless
<br />required to solve a specific problem that has been studied and identified. Coatings are frequently unnecessary and expensive,
<br />and can accelerate deterioration of the masonry. Mortar joints,which do not need repointing,should not be repointed. Wood
<br />siding should not be power-washed.
<br />B.ROOFS AND ROOFING
<br />Roof shapes in the district encompass all the various designs found in residential structures:hipped,gabled,gambrel,flat and
<br />combinations of these.Roofs are covered with a variety of materials such as asphalt,asbestos,wood and slate shingles as well
<br />as clay tiles.Residences in most cases have wood fascias with gutters and downspouts.The fascias of some vinyl-and
<br />aluminum-sided houses are covered with the same materials.
<br />Required
<br />The existing shape and type of materials of the roof shall be retained.All architectural features,which give the roof its essential
<br />character,shall be retained,including dormer windows,cupolas,cornices,brackets,chimneys,cresting and weather vanes.
<br />Recommended
<br />The original shape and materials of the roof should be restored.Particular effort should be made to retain materials such as slate,
<br />tile and other unique materials not commonly found in new construction. Roof covering which is deteriorated beyond repair
<br />should be replaced with new material that matches as closely as possible the original in composition,size,shape,color and
<br />texture.Gutters and downspouts are often a necessary adjunct in order to prevent deterioration of the structure;they should be
<br />maintained whenever possible or replaced with a style comparable and suitable to the architectural period.
<br />Prohibited
<br />Nothing shall be done to change the essential character of the roof as viewed from a street by adding architectural features or
<br />large unsightly fixtures,or by using materials inappropriate to the style of the house.The roof shall not be stripped of
<br />architectural features important to its character.
<br />Not Recommended
<br />Overhanging eaves,soffit,brackets and gables should not be covered or enclosed when adding siding to a building.
<br />C.WINDOWS AND DOORS
<br />Window and door frames are in most cases wood and vary depending upon the style of the home. Many are double-hung
<br />windows with wood trim and sills. Brick structures have stone sills and brick lintels. In some cases where aluminum siding has
<br />been applied,the window and door trim has been covered. About half of the structures in the district have aluminum storm
<br />windows;the other half have wood storm windows.
<br />Required
<br />Original windows and doors shall be retained including sashes,lintels,sills,shutters,decorative glass,pediments,hoods
<br />and hardware. When deteriorated beyond repair,they shall be replaced with units and trim resembling the original.
<br />Recommended
<br />Wood storm windows and doors painted or finished to match the original should be used but should not damage existing
<br />frames. If new sashes or doors are installed,the existing or original materials,design and hardware should be used.
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