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business leaders, and community groups must understand what needs to be in place to spur a <br />paradigm shift from the conventional economic development approach to the specifics of growing <br />small manufacturing. Anchor institutions, such as universities and hospitals, can enhance <br />workforce education, create demand for products, and spin off ideas that can be brought to <br />market. State and federal governments can provide funding for training and infrastructure. And <br />finally, the case needs to be made to the private sector that small-scale manufacturing businesses <br />can thrive and be a real estate benefit in both a light industrial land use environment and in a <br />commercial area; in turn, the private sector can offer partnership opportunities in neighborhood <br />development. <br />SGA's initiative aims to position communities to reap the benefits of a small-scale manufacturing <br />sector to strengthen their business base, reinforce goals for cities and neighborhoods, fill vacant <br />properties, create vibrant places, and build a strong pipeline of businesses to grow locally. <br />South Bend is a city built on a foundation of <br />manufacturing that endured the loss of the <br />Studebaker Corporation and other major <br />employers in the post-industrial era. The <br />population in South Bend hit its peak in the <br />1960s when a majority of the workforce <br />was employed in the manufacturing sector. <br />Shortly after, like many other post-industrial <br />cities, South Bend experienced severe job <br />loss and population decline as heavy <br />industry closed or relocated overseas. <br />Despite a troubling transition —particularly �, I <br />for working class and minority residents — <br />the city has begun to rebound and remains <br />a manufacturing center. Leadership, skills, <br />and commitment to manufacturing persist <br />and have signaled an awakening of small- <br />scale manufacturing. The growing sector is providing competitive jobs and beginning to take <br />advantage of the city's legacy of older industrial buildings. Manufacturing employment in the South <br />Bend-Misawaka metropolitan area dipped to 16% in 2009 and has since climbed back to 18% in <br />2018 (US Bureau of Labor Statistics). <br />The City of South Bend has led a number of initiatives with industrial -sector partners and local <br />employers to revive manufacturing in recent years. Zoning adjustments, financial incentives, job <br />training, and other resources have been designed to attract small-scale manufacturers. By <br />supporting the South Bend Regional Chamber's St. Joseph County Manufacturing Day and South <br />Bend Elkhart Regional Partnership, the City is increasing the visibility of manufacturing careers and <br />providing support for emerging entrepreneurs. The City is also backing a handful of coworking, <br />incubator, and educational spaces like LangLabs and Vested Interest, as well as Ignition and <br />Innovation Parks where aspiring innovators from the University of Notre Dame and other emerging <br />entrepreneurs accelerate and commercialize their products by connecting with investors and <br />industry experts. <br />