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As noted earlier, net assets may serve over time as a useful indicator of a government's financial <br />position. At December 31, 2005, the City's assets exceeded liabilities by $190,401,407, a decrease <br />from 2004 by $3.8 million. The majority of this decrease can be attributed to a reduction of user fee <br />revenue in the Business -Type Activities. Effective in 2006 both Water and Sewer rates will be <br />increased to help remediate this problem and increase available cash balances. By far the largest <br />portion of the City's net assets (68 percent) reflects its investment in capital assets (e.g. land, roads, <br />storm sewers, water and sewer systems, buildings and equipment }, less an related debt used to <br />acquire those assets that is still outstanding. Capital assets are used to provide services to citizens, <br />and they are not available for future spending Although the investment in capital assets are reported <br />net of related debt, it should be noted that the resources needed to repay this debt must be provided <br />from other sources, since the capital assets themselves cannot be used to liquidate these liabilities. <br />City of South Bend's Net Assets <br />Table 1 <br />Governmental Business -Type <br />Activities Activities Total <br />2004 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005 <br />Current and other assets <br />$13',859,344 <br />$146,134,848 <br />$35,393,136 <br />$31,884,533 <br />$171,252,480 <br />178,019,381 <br />Capital assets (net) <br />112,635,198 <br />124,443,931 <br />157,790,563 <br />152,993,751 <br />270,425,761 <br />277,437,682 <br />Total assets <br />248,494,542 <br />270,578,779 <br />193,183,699 <br />184,878,284 <br />441,678,241 <br />455,457,063 <br />Long -term liabilities <br />outstanding <br />163,133,137 <br />191,148,556 <br />62,695,870 <br />59,761,198 <br />225,829,007 <br />250,909,754 <br />Other liabilities <br />16,760,834 <br />10,557,060 <br />4,847,108 <br />3,588,842 <br />21,607,942 <br />14,145,902 <br />Total liabilities <br />179,893,971 <br />201,705,616 <br />67,542,978 <br />63,350,040 <br />247,436,949 <br />265,055,656 <br />Net assets: <br />Invested in capital <br />assets, net of related <br />debt <br />7,383,902 <br />35,777,247 <br />93,370,899 <br />94,833,960 <br />100,745,801 <br />130,611,207 <br />Restricted <br />1,966,388 <br />6,138,257 <br />13,254,447 <br />17,942,700 <br />15,220,835 <br />24,080,957 <br />Unrestricted <br />59,250,281 <br />26,957,659 <br />19,015,375 <br />8,751,584 <br />78,265,656 <br />35,709,243 <br />Total net assets $68,600,571 $68,873,163 $125,640,721 $121,528,244 $194,241,292 $190,401,407 <br />At the end of the current fiscal year the City is able to report positive balances in all three <br />categories of net assets, both for the government as a whole, as well as for its separate <br />governmental and business -type activities. <br />The net assets for government activities decreased by $1.8 from $70.6 million in 2004 to <br />$68.8 million in 2005. Part of this decrease is attributable to a reclassification of the <br />parking garage net book value previously recorded in business -type activity. The business- <br />7 <br />